Hypovitaminosis D in the elderly: relationship with sarcopenia and dementia (review of literature)

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
S. V. Bulgakova ◽  
E. V. Treneva ◽  
N. O. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Population ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Number Of Authors

The growth in the world population of elderly and senile people provokes interest in the processes and mechanisms leading to aging and age-associated diseases. Hypovitaminosis D is common in geriatric patients and has been suggested by a number of authors as a cause of diseases such as dementia and sarcopenia. This literature review is devoted to the analysis of the role of vitamin D in the development of the above diseases, their prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Implications of Oxidative Stress and Potential Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in COVID-19: Therapeutic Effects of Vitamin D

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia de las Heras ◽  
Virna Margarita Martín Giménez ◽  
León Ferder ◽  
Walter Manucha ◽  
Vicente Lahera
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
World Population ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Inflammatory State

Due to its high degree of contagiousness and like almost no other virus, SARS-CoV-2 has put the health of the world population on alert. COVID-19 can provoke an acute inflammatory process and uncontrolled oxidative stress, which predisposes one to respiratory syndrome, and in the worst case, death. Recent evidence suggests the mechanistic role of mitochondria and vitamin D in the development of COVID-19. Indeed, mitochondrial dynamics contribute to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, and its uncoupling involves pathological situations. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with altered mitochondrial dynamics with consequent oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory state, cytokine production, and cell death. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency seems to be associated with increased COVID-19 risk. In contrast, vitamin D can normalize mitochondrial dynamics, which would improve oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory state, and cytokine production. Furthermore, vitamin D reduces renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activation and, consequently, decreases ROS generation and improves the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, the purpose of this review is to deepen the knowledge about the role of mitochondria and vitamin D directly involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and the inflammatory state in SARS-CoV-2 infection. As future prospects, evidence suggests enhancing the vitamin D levels of the world population, especially of those individuals with additional risk factors that predispose to the lethal consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The potential role of tea in periodontal therapy: An updated review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Forouzanfar ◽  
Hamideh Sadat Mohammadipour ◽  
Fatemeh Forouzanfar
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
World Population ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
The World ◽  
Green Tea Leaves

: Periodontal diseases are highly prevalent and can affect high percentage of the world population. Oxidative stress and inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Nowadays, more attention has been focused on the herbal remedies in the field of drug discovery. Green tea is an important source of polyphenol antioxidants, it has long been used as a beverage worldwide. The most interesting polyphenol components of green tea leaves that are related with health benefits are the catechins. Taken together this review suggested that green tea with its wide spectrum of activities could be a healthy alternative for controlling the damaging reactions seen in periodontal diseases.

scholarly journals The role of edible insects to mitigate challenges for sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Raquel P. F. Guiné ◽  
Paula Correia ◽  
Catarina Coelho ◽  
Cristina A. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
World Population ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Strong Component ◽  
Human Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Recent Trends

Abstract This review is focused on the utilization of insects as a new opportunity in food and feed products, including their commercialization both in traditional and new markets. It has been suggested that insects are considerably more sustainable when compared with other sources of animal protein, thus alleviating the pressure over the environment and the planet facing the necessity to feed the world population, constantly increasing. Many chefs have adhered to the trend of using insects in their culinary preparations, bringing insects to the plan of top gastronomy, highlighting their organoleptic qualities allied to a recognized high nutritional value. However, in some markets, insects or insect-based products are not readily accepted because of neophobia and disgust. Moreover, the insect markets, farming, and commercialization are experiencing a huge growth, in which the domain of animal feed is undoubtedly a very strong component. The future of insects as human food and animal feed seems promising in view of the recent trends and challenges.

The role of vitamin D and related compounds in the treatment of bone disease in the elderly

Bone ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Kanis ◽  
C. Cooper ◽  
R. Francis ◽  
N. Hamdy ◽  
P. Selby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Related Compounds

scholarly journals ROLE OF TRIVIDHA ROGAYATANA IN THE MANIFESTATION OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION W.S.R. TO PRAGYAPARADA - A CONCEPTUAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1733-1736
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Nigwal ◽  
Lajwanti Keswani ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Malviya ◽  
Arvind Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
The World ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Conceptual Study ◽  
Day By Day

Cardiovascular disease such as hypertension will be the largest cause of death and disability in India by 2020. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing globally and currently, more than 1 billion people have hypertension. About 26.4% of the world adult population in 2000 had hypertension and 29.2% were projected to have this con- dition by 2025. Elevated blood pressure affects 1 billion individuals and causes an estimated 10.4 million deaths per year. Thus, hypertension is needed to be studied. Though a lot of potent antihypertensive drugs are available today none of them is free from untoward adverse effects. Especially the elderly population poorly tolerates these drugs. The global incidence of hypertension is increasing day by day and is a very common problem nowadays. Ayurveda has classified the causes of disease into three main categories: - 1. Asatmendriyartha Samyoga 2. Pragyaparada and 3. Parinama (Kaala), these three main causes of disease enable different kinds of diseases to manifest. Firstly, they lead to the imbalance of body /or mind by vitiation the Tridosha. The consequence of the imbalance is a disturbance of the basic biological principles. Hypertension is a lifestyle disorder. Ayurveda causes of lifestyle disorders are mainly Pragyaparada. Pragyaparadha is the main cause of all noncommunicable dis- eases (NCDs) such as diabetes, cancer, hypertension etc. Keywords: Asatmendriyartha, Pragyaparada, Parinama, Trividha Rogaayatanas, Hypertension.

Inclusive Design: An Approach to Adapt Homes for the Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1599-1603
Author(s):  
Hossein Fallah ◽  
Jalil Nazari ◽  
Alireza Choobineh ◽  
Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad ◽  
Mohamad Asghari Jafarabadi
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Inclusive Design ◽  
World Population ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Homes For The Elderly ◽  
The World ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Current Design

The aging trend of the world population has increased the number of elderly people. Older people prefer to spend most of their time at home. The problem is that today's homes are often unsuitable for the elderly and the disabled. Thus, problems of the current design approaches, which are based on percentiles as well as the tendency to involve the elderly and disabled people in society, have put the concept of inclusive design into consideration. Application of new design approaches, such as inclusive design allows designers to design products and services to meet the needs of a larger group of users regardless of their age and ability. Given the rapid aging of the world population, more research is needed to design specific products and environments for elderly people. Keywords: Home design, Aging, Ergonomics, Adaptation

Cancer epidemiology and public health

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-42
Author(s):  
Paolo Boffetta ◽  
Zuo-Feng Zhang ◽  
Carlo La Vecchia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Epidemiology ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
World Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Epidemiology And Public Health

Neoplasms continue to dominate globally as one of the major sources of human disease and death. There are multiple modifiable causes of cancer and understanding their attributable risk factors for each cancer is of importance. This chapter covers the role of cellular and molecular mechanisms as well as the experimental and epidemiological approaches as determinants of the main cancers. Even if major discoveries in the clinical management of cancer patients will be accomplished in the near future, the changes will mainly affect the affluent part of the world population. Promising approaches focused on prevention of the known causes, reducing its consequences, notably in resource-constrained settings are highlighted.

Sustainable Agriculture The United States versus the European Union

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carson H. Varner ◽  
Katrin C. Varner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Population ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Sustainability Issue ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Sides

This paper examines developing issues and attitudes that unite and divide the United States and the European Union as the discussion and regulation of agriculture evolves. While some terms, such as “organic,” are defined in law in both the United States and European Union, the increasingly used “sustainability” is an evolving concept. The main sustainability issue is how to provide food and fiber for a rapidly growing world population. In this context, the role of biotechnology is questioned. Americans tend to favor what are sometimes called genetically modified crops, while Europeans remain cautious. Europeans lean more toward organic farming, while Americans assert that much of the world will starve if organic methods are required. This paper reviews the directions that the discussion of these issues is taking and will show areas of agreement and where the two sides diverge.

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