Perceived Vocational Rehabilitation Service Efficacy by Race/Ethnicity: Results of a National Customer Survey

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Keith B. Wilson ◽  
Tyra Turner ◽  
Jiawei Liu ◽  
Debra A. Harley ◽  
Reginald J. Alston
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation Service ◽  
European Americans ◽  
Race Ethnicity

The purpose of this study was to examine whether African Americans, European Americans, and other races and ethnicities with disabilities differed in perceived job placement efficacy of vocational rehabilitation (VR) services in the United States. Binary logistic regression was employed to predict how African Americans, European Americans, and other races and ethnicities would view VR services in assisting them to get Jobs. The test statistic revealed that race/ethnicity and perceived VR service efficacy among VR customers were not statistically significant. However, as the number (answering yes on the NIHS) of African Americans, European Americans, and other races and ethnicities increased, they perceived that the VR services they received did not assist them in getting a Job. Future research considerations for VR administrators and counselors are discussed.

Vocational Rehabilitation Acceptance: A Tale of Two Races in a Large Midwestern State

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
European Americans ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Phi Coefficient ◽  
Criterion Variables

The purpose of this study was to examine whether Americans and European Americans disability would differ in vocational rehabilitation (VR) acceptance. The author used a Chi-square test of independence as the test statistic. Because the majority of previous studies of VR acceptance fail to use a relational statistic to test the practical significance among explanatory and criterion variables, the phi coefficient was utilized. Relational statistics are important because it shows how variables relate, either negatively or positively. Using this methodology, there was no statistically significant difference between African Americans and European Americans. Moreover, the strength of the association between variables proved slight, even in the presence of a relatively large sample. The author concludes by discussing limitations and future research.

scholarly journals Length of Stay in Hospice Care across Racial/Ethnic Minorities over 65 Years of Age: A Descriptive Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 778-778
Author(s):  
Heshuo Yu ◽  
J Scott Brown
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose This study aims to explore the relationship between race/ethnicity and length of stay in hospice care among adults over 65 years of age in the United States. This topic is understudied within a population-representative sample, particularly among non-White decedents. Methods Secondary analysis of data from the 2007 NHHCS (n=3,918). Race/ethnicity included Hispanics/Latinos, Non-Hispanic Whites, African Americans, and other races. Length of hospice stay was measured by the number of days that patients received hospice care from hospice agencies. Results The study found that African Americans have a longer length of stay in hospice agencies than Whites, even after controlling for all other factors in the model. Female gender, older age, and several diseases are covariates that significantly impact length of hospice stay. Discussion Compared to other races/ethnicities, the long length of stay in hospice among African Americans may negatively impact the quality of end-of-life care and quantity of skilled staff visits. Future research is recommended to further explore potential consequences of longer hospice stays, especially within African American communities. Studies with larger samples of minorities that integrate socioeconomic factors need to be done to better study the relationship between length of hospice stay and race/ethnicity.

Factors Affecting Vocational Rehabilitation Service Use among Latino Men with HIV/AIDS: A National Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Datti ◽  
Liza M. Conyers ◽  
K. B. Boomer
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Latino Men ◽  
Hiv Aids

Latino men are an ethnically and racially diverse group who are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and unemployment. State vocational rehabilitation (VR) services represent viable service options for many people living with HIV/AIDS; however, little is known about factors that predict use of these services by Latinos. This study examines predictors of VR use among a national sample of Latino men with HIV/AIDS (n = 311) who completed the National Working Positive Coalition - Vocational Development and Employment Needs Survey. Using the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations as framework, key predictor variables were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Receipt of public benefits (p < .001) and knowledge of VR (p < .001) increased odds of VR use. As confidence in ability to maintain a job (p < .05) and general health perception (p < .05) increased, so did odds of VR use. Study limitations, practical implications, and future research recommendations are included.

Vocational Rehabilitation Closure Statuses in the United States: Generalizing to the Hispanic/Latino Ethnicity

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Black African ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) research focusing on race, ethnicity and other demographic variables has continued to gain needed attention in the VR literature over the past ten years. In the study described here, the Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID), an exploratory multivariate statistical tool from Answer Tree (SPSS, 2001), was used to investigate closure codes (statuses) with Race, Ethnicity, Age, and Gender. The test statistic revealed a statistically significant difference with the Hispanic ethnicity, age, and types of closures with the race (i.e., African American and White American) of customers in the United States VR system. Particularly, customers who are non-Hispanic (African Americans) between the ages of 51-60 are more likely not to be accepted for VR services (Status 08 from 02) and once accepted for VR services, close not rehabilitated (Statuses 28,30, & closed from pre-service, Status 38 from Status 04). Results further indicated that Black (African American) and White (European American) Hispanics in the United States VR system tend to have different experiences. Suggestions for VR counselors are discussed.

Assistive Technology Access and Usage Barriers Among African Americans With Disabilities: A Review of the Literature and Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-133
Author(s):  
Courtney Ward-Sutton ◽  
Natalie F. Williams ◽  
Corey L. Moore ◽  
Edward O. Manyibe
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure

The purpose of this article was to provide a comprehensive overview of the available peer-reviewed and gray literature on assistive technology (AT) access and usage barriers among African Americans with disabilities. Authors completed a historical review (Onwuegbuzie & Frels, 2016) of the extant literature on AT and disability public policy mandates by framing the context on AT access and usage disparities among African Americans with disabilities and discussing AT impacts on employment for African Americans. The authors also presented recommendations that might be considered by the field for increasing AT access and usage among African Americans with disabilities. It is clear that AT and associated assistive products are important commodities to the lives of individuals with disabilities in the United States; however, there are historical inequities between African Americans and Whites. As a result of these findings, the authors implore rehabilitation counselors in education and practice to further examine ways to alleviate the AT access and usage gaps for African Americans with disabilities within public policy, vocational rehabilitation service delivery, and institutional infrastructure systems.

Differential Vocational Rehabilitation Service Patterns Related to the Job Retention and Job-Seeking Needs of Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy N. Tansey ◽  
David Strauser ◽  
Michael P. Frain ◽  
Malachy Bishop ◽  
Chung-Yi Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
The United States ◽  
Job Placement ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation Service ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

The experience of living with multiple sclerosis (MS) can have a profound effect on employment. The impact of MS is a complex interaction of personal, medical, functional, financial, and psychosocial variables that ultimately results in up to 80% of persons with MS leaving their jobs within 10 years of their diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the employment status of applicants with MS who were seeking services from state vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies could be classified based on the type of services provided. A quantitative descriptive research design employing discriminant analysis (DA) was used to determine differential services received by employed and unemployed applicants with MS. Findings indicate that persons with MS who were employed at application were more likely to receive services geared toward career stabilization (i.e., assistive technology/accommodation services, counseling and guidance, and cognitive retraining-type rehabilitative services). Conversely, the unemployed applicant group had a higher propensity to receive services focused on job placement (i.e., job readiness, job seeking, and job placement services). Although a disparity persisted between the average worker in the United States and the outcomes achieved by VR service recipients regarding weekly wages and hours, services provided by the state-federal VR program reduce this disparity. In addition, the return on investment (ROI) associated with providing services to persons with MS was calculated as providing an $8 return for every dollar spent. Persons with MS employed at application had an ROI of more than $10 for every dollar spent. Implications for persons with MS, rehabilitation counselors, health care professionals, and policymakers are provided.

Questions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Gibson ◽  
Michael J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Public Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The U.S

We have investigated the differences in support for the U.S. Supreme Court among black, Hispanic, and white Americans, catalogued the variation in African Americans’ group attachments and experiences with legal authorities, and examined how those latter two factors shape individuals’ support for the U.S. Supreme Court, that Court’s decisions, and for their local legal system. We take this opportunity to weave our findings together, taking stock of what we have learned from our analyses and what seem like fruitful paths for future research. In the process, we revisit Positivity Theory. We present a modified version of the theory that we hope will guide future inquiry on public support for courts, both in the United States and abroad.

The Association Between Problem Recognition, Race/Ethnicity, and Professional Help-Seeking Intentions Across Psychological Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 216769682110004
Author(s):  
Ayanda Chakawa ◽  
Steven K. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Problem Recognition ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Race Ethnicity

While 75% mental health problems emerge by young adulthood, there is a strong reluctance during this developmental stage to seek professional help. Although limitations in mental health literacy, such as incorrect problem recognition, may hinder professional help-seeking intentions, the relationship between these variables has been understudied among young adults in the United States (U.S.) and racial/ethnic differences in help-seeking intentions for specific disorders have not been well explored. Using a vignette-based design, the current study examines the association between psychological disorder recognition and professional help-seeking intentions among 1,585 Black/African American and White/European American young adults. Correctly identifying a psychological disorder was significantly associated with intentions to seek professional help for several disorders and race/ethnicity significantly influenced intentions to seek professional help for some disorders. Implications for ways to address unmet mental health care needs, especially among racially/ethnically diverse young adults, and directions for future research are discussed.

14. Political Democracy and State Repression

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Davenport
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
State Repression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores the relationship between political democracy and state repression. Afer providing an overview of the democracy–repression link, it considers what research has been conducted on the topic and also what has been ignored. It uses the United States and its treatment of African Americans as an example of how existing research in this field should change, as well as to emphasize the importance of disaggregation (regarding institutions, actors, and actions). The chapter concludes by suggesting directions for future research. It argues that researchers need to improve the way in which they think about the relationship between democracy and repression, and that they need to modify how they gather information about democracy and repression.

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