scholarly journals Evaluation of Culture Media Limited in Nitrogen and Silicates on the Production Response and Lipid Content of the Diatom Chaetoceros muelleri

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lopez-Elias Jose Antonio ◽  
Carvallo Ruiz Maria Gisela ◽  
Estrada Raygoza Leticia Areli ◽  
Martinez Cordova Luis Rafael ◽  
Martinez-Porchas Marcel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri ◽  
Production Response

scholarly journals Effect of pluronic block polymers and N-acetylcysteine culture media additives on growth rate and fatty acid composition of six marine microalgae species

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 2139-2156
Author(s):  
Justine Sauvage ◽  
Gary H. Wikfors ◽  
Xiaoxu Li ◽  
Mark Gluis ◽  
Nancy Nevejan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Pluronic F127 ◽  
Algal Culture ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Chaetoceros Calcitrans

Abstract The efficiency of microalgal biomass production is a determining factor for the economic competitiveness of microalgae-based industries. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and pluronic block polymers are two compounds of interest as novel culture media constituents because of their respective protective properties against oxidative stress and shear-stress-induced cell damage. Here we quantify the effect of NAC and two pluronic (F127 and F68) culture media additives upon the culture productivity of six marine microalgal species of relevance to the aquaculture industry (four diatoms-Chaetoceros calcitrans, Chaetoceros muelleri, Skeletonema costatum, and Thalassiosira pseudonana; two haptophytes-Tisochrysis lutea and Pavlova salina). Algal culture performance in response to the addition of NAC and pluronic, singly or combined, is dosage- and species-dependent. Combined NAC and pluronic F127 algal culture media additives resulted in specific growth rate increases of 38%, 16%, and 24% for C. calcitrans, C. muelleri, and P. salina, respectively. Enhanced culture productivity for strains belonging to the genus Chaetoceros was paired with an ~27% increase in stationary-phase cell density. For some of the species examined, culture media enrichments with NAC and pluronic resulted in increased omega-3-fatty acid content of the algal biomass. Larval development (i.e., growth and survival) of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) was not changed when fed a mixture of microalgae grown in NAC- and F127-supplemented culture medium. Based upon these results, we propose that culture media enrichment with NAC and pluronic F127 is an effective and easily adopted approach to increase algal productivity and enhance the nutritional quality of marine microalgal strains commonly cultured for live-feed applications in aquaculture. Key points • Single and combined NAC and pluronic F127 culture media supplementation significantly enhanced the productivity of Chaetoceros calcitrans and Chaetoceros muelleri cultures. • Culture media enrichments with NAC and F127 can increase omega-3-fatty acid content of algal biomass. • Microalgae grown in NAC- and pluronic F127-supplemented culture media are suitable for live-feed applications.

73 Cytokine addition does not increase developmental competence of invitro-produced bovine embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
C. M. Helland ◽  
M. Barcelo-Fimbres ◽  
L. F. Campos-Chillon
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Nile Red ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Mitotracker Red ◽  
Main Effects

Recently in porcine, the addition of 3 cytokines (FGF2, LIF, and IGF1) improved oocyte maturation, quadrupling the number of piglets born per oocyte collected (Yuan et al. 2017 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 114, E5796-E5804). We hypothesised that in the bovine, addition of these cytokines to maturation (MCyt) and culture media (CCyt) would lower lipid content and increase mitochondrial activity, representing an improved developmental competence when compared with standard maturation (MCon) and culture (CCon) conditions. The experimental design was a 2 (MCon and MCyt)×2 (CCon and CCyt) factorial in 8 replicates, testing the interactions of each maturation medium with each culture medium. Invitro-produced embryos produced aspirating cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from 2 to 8mm follicles of abattoir ovaries. The COCs (n=2156) were matured for 23h in MCon or MCyt media at 6% CO2 in air, fertilised with semen from one of two bulls, and cultured in CCon or CCyt media at 38.5°C, 6% CO2, 5% O2, and 89% N2. On Day 7.5 post-fertilisation, blastocyst rates were evaluated and embryos (n=4/replicate/group) were stained with 1µgmL−1 Nile Red for lipid quantification or 300 nM MitoTracker Red CMX-Rosamine for mitochondrial polarity. Images were obtained with confocal microscopy and fluorescent intensity (AFU) was measured by Image J software (National Institutes for Health) adjusted per cell number. Data were analysed by GLM using ANOVA and l.s.d. with SAS (SAS Institute Inc.). Results (Table 1) indicated similar cleavage and blastocyst rates between all groups (P>0.05). The combination of MCon×CCon resulted in higher mitochondrial activity than any other combination (P<0.05). The MCon×CCyt showed the highest lipid levels, whereas MCyt×CCyt showed the lowest lipid levels (P<0.05). Results suggest that the combination of MCyt×CCyt media produces the lowest lipid levels, whereas the MCon×CCon media lead to the highest mitochondrial activity. The addition of cytokines to both maturation and culture media maintains competence and lowers lipid content; however, it also seems to lower mitochondrial activity. Cryopreservation studies and evaluation of pregnancy rates are ongoing. Table 1.Oocyte and embryo developmental competence matured and cultured in control and cytokine-added media Treatment Oocytes (n) Cleavage (%) Blastocysts per oocyte (%) Nile Red per cell (AFU) MitoTracker per cell (AFU) Maturation main effects MCon 1000 96.8±0.4 29.9±2.7 36.1±2.1a 385.1±65.8a MCyt 1156 96.0±0.4 26.2±2.7 30.0±2.1b 209.1±65.8b Culture main effects CCon 1036 96.2±0.4 28.0±2.7 33.1±2.1 392.0±65.8a CCyt 1120 97.7±0.4 28.1±2.7 33.0±2.1 202.2±65.8b Interactions MCon×CCon 461 96.6±0.8 27.1±3.7 33.6±3.0ab 559.0±91.1a MCon×CCyt 539 95.3±0.9 29.5±2.7 38.6±3.0a 211.2±91.1b MCyt×CCon 575 95.4±0.6 27.4±2.1 32.7±3.0bc 224.9±91.1b MCyt×CCyt 581 95.6±0.9 23.2±2.9 27.4±3.0c 193.1±91.1b a-cValues with different superscript in the same column differ (P<0.05).

scholarly journals Effect of Salinity Difference on Lipid Content from Chaetoceros muelleri on Continuous Reactors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Arif Rahmadi ◽  
Yeni Mulyani ◽  
Muhammad Wahyudin Lewaru
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri ◽  
Marine Microbiology ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Salinity Difference

Chaetoceros muelleri is a microalgae class of Bacillariophyta (diatom) which is generally only used as feeds for fishes and shellfish larvae. Nevertheless, the biochemical content of this species is quite high and has the potential to be developed. This research aims to explain the effect of different salinity on the growth and lipid content of Chaetoceros muelleri cultured in a continuous photobioreactor. This research was carried out in August 2018 - February 2019. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Marine Microbiology and the Laboratory of Bioprocess and Bioprospection of Natural Materials, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. The samples of Chaetoceros muelleri isolates were obtained from the Jepara Brackish Water Aquaculture Center. The methods used for the study was a ‘Completely Randomized Design’ (CRD) with four treatments. The salinity used is 15, 25, 35 and 45 ppt. The main parameters observed were growth and lipid content, while the supporting parameters were temperature, and pH. The results of this study showed that the highest lipid content was a salinity treatment of 35 ppt with a value of 25.37% of total dry weight obtained at the end of the culture. Based on growth, the highest density occurred in 25 ppt salinity with a maximum density of 3.80 ± 0.49 x 106 cells. ml-1 and maximum growth rate of 0.36 ± 0.008 div. day-1

scholarly journals Evaluation of Porphyridium purpureum and Nannochloropsis sp. for Carbohydrates and Lipids Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 3305-3308
Author(s):  
Elena Emilia Oprescu ◽  
Cristina Emanuela Enascuta ◽  
Ana Maria Galan ◽  
Mihaela Bombos ◽  
Gabriel Vasilievici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Artificial Seawater ◽  
Porphyridium Purpureum ◽  
Productivity Increase ◽  
Lipids Production

This study was aimed to evaluate the growth conditions of Porphyridium purpureum and Nannochloropsis sp. microalgae for carbohydrates and lipids productivity increase. The cultivation experiments for both microalgae strains were done in triplicates using the artificial seawater (ASW) as culture media. The lipids were separated from the algal biomass and the exo-polysaccharides content from the supernatant. The results showed that the highest carbohydrate content is found in Porphyridium purpureum while the highest lipid content was found in biomass.

scholarly journals Assessing the Viability of Commercial Media for the Mass Culture of Chaetoceros muelleri

2021 ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Rona Cabanayan-Soy ◽  
Glycinea de Peralta ◽  
Marie Antonette Juinio-Meñez
Keyword(s):  
Cell Density ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri ◽  
Commercial Media ◽  
Microalgal Culture ◽  
Glass Bottles ◽  
The Cost

The microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri is considered a highly nutritious feed for the cultured larvae of the tropical sea cucumber Holothuria scabra. Due to the cost of analytical grade culture media used in the production of C. muelleri, there is a need to evaluate cheap alternative commercial media to decrease the cost of producing quality live microalgal food. In this study, two different indoor batch culture systems (1 L glass bottles and 10 L plastic carboys) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of two conventional (modified F/2 and Walne’s) and one commercial (Epizyme AGP complete) microalgal culture media. Results of the 1 L glass bottle experiment showed that the peak cell density of C. muelleri in AGP (1,241 ± 116 x 104 cells ml-1) was not significantly different from the modified F/2 (1,584 ± 41 x 104 cells ml-1) and Walne’s medium (1,319 ± 162 x 104 cells ml-1) (Kruskal-Wallis test, p=0.78). Likewise, in the plastic carboy experiment, the maximum cell density of C. muelleri in Walne’s medium (750 ± 144 x 104 cells ml-1) and F/2 medium (653 ± 79 x 104 cells ml-1) were higher, but not significantly different from AGP (496 ± 184 x 104 cells ml-1) (Kruskal-Wallis test, p=0.43). The highest growth rate in the glass bottle cultures was the modified F/2 (0.38 div day-1), while AGP was the lowest (0.34 div. day-1). On the other hand, in carboy culture, AGP was higher (0.17 div.day-1) compared to modified F/2 (0.15 div. day-1) and Walne’s medium (0.13 div. day-1). The exponential growth phase was similar in the glass bottles, while in the carboy, the exponential phase was reached at a shorter time in the AGP treatment than those in the modified F/2 and Walne’s media. The findings showed that AGP medium is an adequate alternative to replace the conventional media (modified F/2 and Walne’s) during the secondary stock culture for C. muelleri. The viability of using cheaper and more readily available commercial AGP media for the indoor culture production of C. muelleri can contribute to cost-effective scaling-up of the hatchery production of quality H. scabra larvae and early juveniles.

scholarly journals Lipid content of marine microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri Lemmermann (Bacillariophyceae) grown at different salinities

Biotemas ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Ubirajara Gonçalves Barros ◽  
Anderson Alan da Cruz Coelho ◽  
José William Alves Da Silva ◽  
João Henrique Cavalcante Bezerra ◽  
Renato Teixeira Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Marine Microalgae ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri

Empirical and physiological assessment of in vitro growth in the mermithid nematode Romanomermis culicivorax

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-516
Author(s):  
Roger Gordon ◽  
Marcel Cornect ◽  
Terry-Lynn Young ◽  
Kenneth T. Kean
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Physiological Assessment ◽  
Mermithid Nematode ◽  
Long Chain

In vitro growth of Romanomermis culicivorax preparasites was monitored in two culture media under differing conditions of crowding. Crowding was more important than the character of the medium itself in stimulating in vitro growth. The glycogen, protein, and lipid content of nematodes that had developed after 5 weeks under crowded conditions was significantly greater than that of uncrowded nematodes. The lipid content of such crowded nematodes was greater than that of nematodes after 4 days of in vivo development, although glycogen and protein levels were lower than the 4 day in vivo norm. Nematodes that had developed in vitro contained a higher proportion of long-chain and polyunsaturated fatty acids than did nematodes cultured in vivo. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the establishment of a continuous in vitro culture system for this nematode.

scholarly journals Isolation, culture and evaluation of Chaetoceros muelleri from the Caribbean as food for the native scallops, Argopecten nucleus and Nodipecten nodosus

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-568
Author(s):  
Luz Adriana Velasco ◽  
Silvia Carrera ◽  
Judith Barros
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Ammonia Excretion ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri ◽  
Scope For Growth ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Nodipecten Nodosus

The potential of the Caribbean strain Chaetoceros muelleri (CHA-C-04) to be produced and used as diet of two commercially important native scallops (Argopecten nucleus and Nodipecten nodosus) was assessed, using the non-indigenous Chaetoceros calcitrans strain, as a control. Growth and biomass of both diatoms were compared under different culture environments (indoor and outdoor) and culture media (F/2, organic fertilizer triple 15 and humus extract). In addition, their bromatological composition and effect on the physiological condition of the scallops fed with both diatoms were compared. The growth and biomass production of C. muelleri and C. calcitrans were higher under indoor conditions and using the F/2 media. Although the content of proteins, lipids and energy was higher in C. muelleri than in C. calcitrans, its size, organic content, growth and biomass values were not different. Scallops fed with both diatoms strains shows similar values for all of the physiological variables measured, including rates of absorption, oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and scope for growth. Results suggest that the local strain C. muelleri can be successfully produced and used in the diet of A. nucleus and N. nodosus, but do not offer productive advantages.

89 PHENAZINE ETHOSULFATE AND FETAL CALF SERUM EFFECT IN THE ULTRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO-PRODUCED BOVINE EMBRYOS

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Sudano ◽  
D. M. Paschoal ◽  
T. S. Rascado ◽  
L. F. Crocomo ◽  
M. D. Guastali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Fetal Calf Serum ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Mitochondrial Number ◽  
Phenazine Ethosulfate

Over the past decades, there have been great advances in in vitro production (IVP) systems, with improved culture methods and new knowledge regarding embryo physiology, ultrastructure and morphology. Currently, the major obstacle associated with the extensive use of this technology is the great sensitivity of IVP embryos to cryopreservation. According to the literature, the reduced cryotolerance of IVP embryos is frequently associated with their high lipid content. Although is not clear until now how the lipid accumulation occurs, it may be influenced by the use of undefined culture media, supplemented with fetal calf serum (FCS); or as a result of embryo energy metabolism abnormalities that affect mitochondrial function, leading to the decrease in both the embryo quality and survival after cryopreservation. In this context, phenazine ethosulfate (PES), a reducer of NADPH electrons, which favours pentose–phosphate pathways and also inhibits the fatty acids synthesis, has been used to increase IVP embryo cryotolerance (Sudano et al. 2011 Theriogenology 75, 1211–1220). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phenazine ethosulfate and FCS effect in the ultrastructure of IVP bovine embryos. A 2 × 2 factorial experiment design was used to test 2 FCS concentrations (0 or 10%) and the addition of PES (without or with PES) in the culture media. Slaughterhouse ovaries were used to obtain oocytes which were matured and fertilized in vitro (Day 0). Presumptive zygotes (n = 1440) were divided in 4 culture media: SOFaa without FCS; SOFaa without FCS + 0.3 μM PES (started on Day 4); SOFaa + 10% FCS; SOFaa + 10% FCS + 0.3 μM PES (started on Day 4). Embryo development was evaluated after 7 days under standard culture conditions (at 38.5°C in atmosphere of 5% O2, 5% CO2 and 90% N2). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on Day-7 blastocysts from each group (n = 5) through standard protocol. For the statistical analysis, the arcsine transformation was applied to blastocyst percentage data and submitted to the ANOVA, followed by Tukeys' test through PROC GLM (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). In the absence of significant interactions, only main effect means are presented. The blastocyst production was not affected (P = 0.47) by the use of PES (42.7 ± 3.2 vs 39.3 ± 3.2, respectively for control and PES Day 4). The addition of 10% of FCS increased (P < 0.0001) the percentage of blastocysts (48.9 ± 3.2 vs 33.0 ± 3.2, respectively, for 10% and 0% of FCS). The ultrastructure analysis showed similar features in embryos from all studied groups. However, embryos cultured in the absence of FCS presented fewer and smaller lipid droplets. Moreover, embryos cultured without FCS presented more cellular debris in the perivitelinic space and in the blastocoele, indicating loss of blastomeres. The use of PES was able to reduce lipid droplets and increase the mitochondrial number in serum-produced embryos. Therefore, the PES decreased lipid content and increased mitochondrial number without affecting the development and ultrastructure of IVP bovine embryos. FAPESP 09/54513-3, 10/09922-0.

The effect of C/N on the growth and total lipid content of Chaetoceros muelleri

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1518-1524
Author(s):  
Meng WANG ◽  
Chun-hou LI ◽  
Ming DAI ◽  
Guo-min LU ◽  
Fang-san WEI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri
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