Identification and Evaluation of Safety Hazards in Laboratories of the National Shrimp Research Institute and the Effectiveness of Measures by FMEA Technique

Introduction: Safety, raising awareness, and preventing the occurrence of hazards are necessary in order to continue to improve the quality of laboratory activities, which have been recently considered by scientific, research, and industrial communities. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the risk factor, potential hazards, and provide practical programs in the laboratories of the Shrimp Research Institute. Methods: Safety hazards of eight laboratories of the National Shrimp Research Institute were evaluated during the intervention study with the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis technique. To this end, in the first phase, the team of safety experts (HSE: Health and Safety Executive), by preparing and completing safety questionnaire forms, identified the current status of safety indicators and danger points of laboratories, assessed the distance with safety indicators, and managed danger points. Based on risk severity, probability of occurrence, and probability of risk detection, the risk priority number (RPN) was calculated, prioritized, and corrective measures were proposed. In the second phase, after corrective measures, the safety questionnaire was completed again and the level of risk severity, probability of occurrence, probability of detection, risk priority number, risk number, and percentage reduction of risk priority number of the studied laboratories were calculated and analyzed. Results: Thirty-five hazard points were identified in the laboratories. The range of risk priority numbers ranged from RPN = 12 for the Plankton Laboratory to RPN = 210 for the Marine Microbiology Laboratories and Marine Pollutants. After control measures, the risk number of marine microbiology laboratory was reduced to 180 and marine pollutants to 120 (P <0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that FMEA technique is appropriate in identifying the risk points, evaluating, and classifying the risks of the Iran Shrimp Research Institute laboratories and provide control strategies to eliminate or reduce the risk rate of research environments.

Draft Genome Sequences of 10 Bacteria from the Marine Pseudoalteromonas Group

Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 10 marine Pseudoalteromonas bacteria which were isolated, assembled, and annotated by undergraduate students participating in a marine microbial genomics course. Genomic comparisons suggest that 7 of the 10 strains are novel isolates, providing a resource for future marine microbiology investigations.

Isolation and Identification of Indigenous Plastic-Degrading Bacteria from Dumai’s Ocean Water of Riau Province

One of the interesting and environmentally friendly microbiology strategies and approaches to control the impact of microplastics is to approach bioremediation technology by harnessing the potential of microbes or indigenous bacteria (local bacteria). Dumai sea waters currently show a high enough of microplastic pollution which allows the potential of indigenous bacteria to adapt to a plastic environment. The purpose of this study is to isolate and identify indigenous bacteria to degrade plastics from the sea waters of Dumai and to know whether or not there is a difference in the number of bacteria found between stations in this study. This research was conducted in October-December 2020 with experimental methods at the Marine Microbiology Laboratory Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Riau. Based on the results of the study, 12 bacterial isolates were isolated from the research stations. Isolates of these bacteria have diamaters ranging from 0.2-1.1 cm. Microplastic degradation test results by bacteria found that ISL 10 is an isolate that shows the highest PET degradation activity, which is 17.27% and the diameter of biofilm formation 0.8 cm. Based on biochemical and morphological tests, similar results were obtained that ISL 10 bacteria are a bacterium of the genus Bacillus. The most bacterial colonies were seen in statiun IV (TPI) with an average number of bacteria of 214.9 x 104 CFU/ml.

SECONDARY METABOLITE CHARACTERISTIC OF HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA PRODUCTION AS ANTIMICROBIA AT DIFFERENT SALINITY

This research was conducted from March-June 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of secondary metabolites prduced by of heterotrophic bacterial from sea water Sungai Kayu Ara Village, Siak Regency as an antimicrobial and to determine the storage time of these bacteria by measuring at the optimal growth time. Five bacterial secondary metabolite extracts used were B, C, D, and H (B. cereus) and J (V. fluvialis) obtained from the collection of Marine Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine sciences, University of Riau. phytochemical test showed that extracts of isolates B, D, and H contained saponin compounds, while isolate J contained flavonoid compounds, however, all extracts contained alkaloid compounds. Antimicrobial test indicated that J extract inhibited A. Hydrophila at concentration 500 µg/ml but the extract could not inhibit V. algynolyticus and Pseudomonas sp concentrations determined. In the bacterial storage time test, the optimal growth of each bacterial concentration at was 7th day incubation and decreased on the 14th day.

Planet Microbe: a platform for marine microbiology to discover and analyze interconnected ‘omics and environmental data

In recent years, large-scale oceanic sequencing efforts have provided a deeper understanding of marine microbial communities and their dynamics. These research endeavors require the acquisition of complex and varied datasets through large, interdisciplinary and collaborative efforts. However, no unifying framework currently exists for the marine science community to integrate sequencing data with physical, geological, and geochemical datasets. Planet Microbe is a web-based platform that enables data discovery from curated historical and on-going oceanographic sequencing efforts. In Planet Microbe, each ‘omics sample is linked with other biological and physiochemical measurements collected for the same water samples or during the same sample collection event, to provide a broader environmental context. This work highlights the need for curated aggregation efforts that can enable new insights into high-quality metagenomic datasets. Planet Microbe is freely accessible from https://www.planetmicrobe.org/.

A Collection of 13 Archaeal and 46 Bacterial Genomes Reconstructed from Marine Metagenomes Derived from the North Sea

Marine bacteria are key drivers of ocean biogeochemistry. Despite the increasing number of studies, the complex interaction of marine bacterioplankton communities with their environment is still not fully understood. Additionally, our knowledge about prominent marine lineages is mostly based on genomic information retrieved from single isolates, which do not necessarily represent these groups. Consequently, deciphering the ecological contributions of single bacterioplankton community members is one major challenge in marine microbiology. In the present study, we reconstructed 13 archaeal and 46 bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from four metagenomic data sets derived from the North Sea. Archaeal MAGs were affiliated to Marine Group II within the Euryarchaeota. Bacterial MAGs mainly belonged to marine groups within the Bacteroidetes as well as alpha- and gammaproteobacteria. In addition, two bacterial MAGs were classified as members of the Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobiota, respectively. The reconstructed genomes contribute to our understanding of important marine lineages and may serve as a basis for further research on functional traits of these groups.

ADDITION OF SUPERIOR HETEROTROF BACTERIA MIXED IN FEED TO IMPROVE HEALTH OF SALINE TILAPIA Oreochromis niloticu

This research was conducted in May 2019 until July 2019 which took place at the Laboratory of Marine Microbiology and the Laboratory of Fish Parasites and Diseases at the Faculty of Fisheries and Maritime Affairs, Riau University. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of superior heterotrophic bacterial isolates that were sprayed on feed could affect the health of saline tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through erythrocyte and leukocyte blood images. The treatments are Kn, Kp, feed sprayed with B.cereus heterotrophic bacterial isolate solution (0.15% dose), feed sprayed with heterotrophic V. fluvialis bacterial isolate solution (0.15% dose), feed sprayed with combined Isolate solution. The results of the study of the addition of superior heterotrophic bacterial isolates sprayed on feed can improve the health of saline tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after 30 days of maintenance and post-infection of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria showed that the treatment of P3 (combined isolates) which is the best treatment with a total leukocyte value of 89.67 x 103 cells / mm3, lymphocytes 80.33%, neutrophils 10.67%, monocytes 9.66%, total erythrocytes 235.00 x 104 cells / mm3, hematocrit 32.00% and hemoglobin 7.33 g / dL and weight growth absolute 7.05 g, a survival rate of 83.33%.

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LIGHT COLORS ON THE BIOMASS GROWTH OF Spirulina platensis

Spirulina is microalgae that spreads widely in nature and can be found in various types of environments, both in brackish, sea and fresh water. Spirulina is photoautotrophic, so it requires light as an energy source for cell growth and synthesis of various important substances involved in it. Lack of light can cause photosynthesis to not take place normally so that it will affect the growth of S. platensis. This study aims to determine the effect of different light colors on the biomass growth of S. platensis. This research was conducted from March to April 2019 at the Marine Microbiology Laboratory and the Marine Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. The method used in this research was the experimental method. The study design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments (red, yellow, blue and control colors) and three replications. The results showed that the light colors had a significant effect on the biomass growth of S. platensis. Yellow light gave the best biomass growth, followed by red and blue light.

TEST THE ABILITY OF SEDIMENT BACTERIA ISOLATES IN DEGRADATING PHENOL

Phenol degrading bacteria can be found in various habitats in marine environments. This study aims to obtain bacteria from sediments that are able to degrade phenol. The process of bacterial purification and degradation was carried out from August to September 2018 at the Marine Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, University of Riau. Analysis of the reduction in phenol concentration was carried out using the APHA 5530 method using UV-VIS spectrophotometry conducted at the Health and Environment Laboratory. The bacterial isolates used as test bacteria were isolates BF1A, BF4B and BF9C. Bacterial and biochemical tests were carried out for all bacterial isolates. Two isolated showed mehyl red negative, all isolates were motile. Three isolates were positive catalase, able to ferment glucose and sucrose fermented citrate and two isolat were Gram negative bacterial. The three bacterial isolates were able to degrade phenol with the highest degradation for 1ppm shown in isolates BF1A, the highest degradation of concentrations of 2 ppm and 3 ppm was shown in isolates BF9C. Thus, the isolat BF9C was able to degrade the highest phenol.