scholarly journals Effect of Salinity Difference on Lipid Content from Chaetoceros muelleri on Continuous Reactors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Arif Rahmadi ◽  
Yeni Mulyani ◽  
Muhammad Wahyudin Lewaru
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri ◽  
Marine Microbiology ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Salinity Difference

Chaetoceros muelleri is a microalgae class of Bacillariophyta (diatom) which is generally only used as feeds for fishes and shellfish larvae. Nevertheless, the biochemical content of this species is quite high and has the potential to be developed. This research aims to explain the effect of different salinity on the growth and lipid content of Chaetoceros muelleri cultured in a continuous photobioreactor. This research was carried out in August 2018 - February 2019. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Marine Microbiology and the Laboratory of Bioprocess and Bioprospection of Natural Materials, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. The samples of Chaetoceros muelleri isolates were obtained from the Jepara Brackish Water Aquaculture Center. The methods used for the study was a ‘Completely Randomized Design’ (CRD) with four treatments. The salinity used is 15, 25, 35 and 45 ppt. The main parameters observed were growth and lipid content, while the supporting parameters were temperature, and pH. The results of this study showed that the highest lipid content was a salinity treatment of 35 ppt with a value of 25.37% of total dry weight obtained at the end of the culture. Based on growth, the highest density occurred in 25 ppt salinity with a maximum density of 3.80 ± 0.49 x 106 cells. ml-1 and maximum growth rate of 0.36 ± 0.008 div. day-1

Growth Rates and Nitrogen and Carbohydrate Contents of Juvenile Clams, Saxidomus giganteus, Fed Three Species of Algae

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1825-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Walne
Keyword(s):  
Isochrysis Galbana ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Tetraselmis Chui ◽  
Saxidomus Giganteus

Estimates were made of the increase in live and dry weights and in the content of ash, organic matter, carbohydrate (as glucose), and nitrogen when juveniles of the clam Saxidomus giganteus were fed for 21 days at various concentrations of Tetraselmis chui, Isochrysis galbana, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The condition index (organic weight as a percent of total dry weight) increased in all the experimental conditions with a mixture of I. galbana and T. chui, yielding a significantly higher index than either species on its own. The relative gain in glucose was greater than the increase in live weight or in nitrogen. The increase in live weight was such that the nigrogen content was approximately constant at 6–7 μgN/mg live weight irrespective of the feeding conditions. The N:glucose ratio decreased with increasing concentrations of I. galbana and P. tricornutum, and at the higher concentrations, where the maximum growth rate of clams occurred, the ratios were lower than in any of the clams fed on T. chui.

BIOASSAY OF PROLACTIN

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Nicoll
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Mucosal Epithelium ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Total Dry Weight

ABSTRACT The response of the pigeon crop-sac to systemically acting prolactin (injected subcutaneously) was evaluated by measuring the wet weight of the responsive lateral lobes of the organ and by determining the dry weight of a 4 cm diameter disc of mucosal epithelium taken from one hemicrop. Of several different injection schedules tested, administration of prolactin in four daily injections was found to yield optimal responses. When compared with a graded series of prolactin doses, measurement of the mucosal dry weight proved to be a better method of response quantification than determination of the crop-sac wet weight with respect to both assay sensitivity and precision. The submucosal tissue of the crop-sac was estimated to constitute about 64 % of the total dry weight of the unstimulated organ and it was found to be relatively unresponsive to prolactin stimulation in comparison with the mucosa. The lipid content of the mucosal epithelium was determined using unstimulated crop-sacs or tissues which showed varying degrees of prolactin-induced proliferation. The fat content of the mucosal epithelial cells increased only slightly more rapidly than the dry weight or the defatted dry weight of the mucosa. Suggestions are made for the further improvement of the systemic crop-sac assay for prolactin.

PENGARUH JUMLAH MATA TUNAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STEK BATANG TRUBUSAN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Indri Elang Mayanti ◽  
Basir Achmad
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Experiment Unit ◽  
Bud Growth ◽  
Total Dry Weight

The areas of tropical forests in Indonesia always decrease every year, so that efforts are needed to cultivate plants efficiently for the supply of seedlings. Sungkai (Peronema canescens) has good quality wood that can be used for various purposes, either for construction, furniture, plywood or the leaves can be used for medicine. The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth of stem cuttings of sungkai based on the number of latent buds by calculating the root dry weight, bud dry weight, and total dry weight. This study used a factorial complete randomized design. There were two factors studied, namely the number of buds consisting of 2 levels: 2 buds and 1 bud, and the stem split factor. Each treatment was replicated 3 times and each experiment unit used 5 cuttings. The growth of sungkai cuttings in the treatment of two buds had a total dry weight of 170.04 grams, while the treatment of one bud had a total dry weight of 98.30 grams. The results of this study indicated that the more the number of latent buds, the more root and bud growth of cuttings.Keywords: Coppice; Latent buds; Cuttings; Sungkai

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Zeolite dan Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen Terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Jagung (Zea mays, L.) di Media Pasir Pantai

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Gunawan Budiyanto ◽  
Mulyono Mulyono ◽  
Fiyoni Dwi Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Randomized Design

A research to study the effects of Zeolite and nitrogen fertilizer application on vegetative growth of maize crop in coastal sandy soil was conducted on the research field of Agriculture Faculty, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta at Tamantirto, Bantul District of Yogyakarta during October until February, 2003. This research was aimed on the study of Zeolite application in order to enhance the nitrogen uptake in the coastal sandy soil, and its effects on vegetative growth of CP I variety of maize. The pot experiment was arranged in 7 x 3 factorial completely randomized design, with 4 replications. The first factor was Zeolite dosage consisted of 7 levels, i.e:  0, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 %; and the second one was 3 levels nitrogen fertilizer dosage which consisted of: 75, 110, and 145 kg/ ha. The nitrogen fertilizer was applied on the medium mixed with Zeolite granules. Observations on plant height, stem diemeter, leaves number, plant fresh and dry weight were done during the vegetative growth of maize. The results showed that Zeolite application significantly enhanced the vegetative growth of CPI maize. The 5,2  - 5,6  % Zeolite was optimum to gave the maximum growth of maize crop. Nitrogen fertilizer application was also significantly increased the plant height and biomass weight, and the 145 kg/ha was the optimum dosage. There was no interaction between Zeolite and nitrogen fertilizer application in order to affected the maize growth.

Field Determination of the Critical Nutrient Concentrations for Cladophora in Streams

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Wong ◽  
B. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
P Content ◽  
Waste Load ◽  
Total P

Many streams in southern Ontario experience excessive seasonal growth of aquatic plants such as Cladophora and Potamogeton. A direct relation, with a regression coefficient of 0.87, was observed between ambient P concentration in the water and P content of plant tissue in six rivers. Critical or growth controlling total P concentration of 60 μg/liter in stream water and 1.6 mg/gram dry weight in plant tissue were determined. Unlike P, no significant correlation was observed between N content of plant tissue and N concentration in water. The correlation of total P with plant growth can be used to estimate the waste load which would result in maximum growth rate of Cladophora.

scholarly journals Effect of Salinity Stress on Antioxidative Enzyme Activity in the Leaves of Tolerant and Susceptible Genotypes of Groundnut

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Apurba Pal ◽  
Debjani Dutta ◽  
Anjan Kumar Pal ◽  
Sunil Kumar Gunri
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidative Enzyme ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Hoagland Nutrient Solution

Aims: To better understand the physiological and biochemical mechanisms in the light of antioxidative enzymes activity under salinity stress between tolerant and susceptible genotypes of groundnut. Study Design: Completely Randomized Design. Place and Duration of Study: The laboratory experiment was carried out in the departmental laboratory of Plant Physiology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV), Mohanpur, Nadia, and West Bengal during the year 2017-18. Methodology: A controlled study was conducted to screen 26 genotypes of groundnut under 200 mM NaCl salinity stress. Fourteen-day old seedlings were subjected to salinity treatment. For this, the modified Hoagland nutrient solution containing 200 mM NaCl (osmotic potential: -0.8 MPa) was applied in each case and the pH was adjusted to 6.3. The treatments were repeated on every third day. Control set without salinity stress was also maintained similarly in each case for comparison of results. Results: The salt tolerance index or STI of the genotypes ranged from 47.57% to 96.40%. Out of all the genotypes KDG-197 (STI= 96.40%) was found to be the most tolerant under a salinity stress of 200 mM NaCl and it was closely followed by R 2001-2 (STI=87.92%), VG 315 (STI=84.05%), TCGS 1157 (STI=77.59%) and TG 51 (STI=73.67%). While the genotypes Girnar 3 (STI= 47.57%), OG 52-1 (STI=49.09%), TVG 0856 (STI= 49.28%) and J 86 (STI= 50.66%) were the most susceptible genotypes based on their relative performance under stress in respect of total dry weight. It has been noted further that, out of the nine genotypes, enhancement of antioxidative enzyme like super oxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) and catalase (CAT) activity was recorded maximally in tolerant genotype KDG 197 (64.18%, 71.74% and 52.82% increase over control respectively) and R 2001-2 (53.68 %, 93.48% and 53.96 % increase over control respectively) but the activity of these enzyme in the four susceptible genotypes declined considerably under salinity treatment. Conclusion: Tolerant genotypes of groundnut in general registered much higher activities of antioxidative enzymes in their leaves as compared to the susceptible genotype under high salinity stress.

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Andrographolida Tanaman Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) Akibat Perbedaan Dosis Pupuk Guano

Rekayasa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
Suhartono Suhartono ◽  
Diana Nurus Sholehah ◽  
Rohmad Suci Murdianto
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Growth Production ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Tanaman sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat unggulan Indonesia selain temulawak, mengkudu, pegagan, lidah buaya, lada, dan kunyit. Peningkatan produktivitas sambiloto dapat dilakukan dengan perbaikan teknik budidaya melalui sistem pemupukan.  Kajian aplikasi pupuk guano terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi dan kandungan andgrographolida pada tanaman sambiloto terbatas, sehingga perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk guano terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan andrographolida pada tanaman sambiloto. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Program Studi Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Trunojoyo Madura pada bulan Januari - April 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan perlakuan 6 taraf dosis pupuk guano dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan dosis pupuk guano per hektar meliputi G0 (control/tanpa pupuk guano), G1 (5 ton), G2 (7.5 ton), G3 (10 ton), G4 (12.5 ton), dan G5 (15 ton). Pada setiap percobaan terdapat 6 tanaman dengan rincian 3 tanaman sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemupukan guano pada dosis 15 ton/ha (G5) memberikan hasil terbaik untuk parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat basah total dan berat kering total tanaman. Kandungan andrographolida (%) tertinggi diperoleh pada dosis pupuk guano 7.5 ton/ha (G2), sedangkan produksi andrograpolida (mg) tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan G4 (dosis pupuk guano 12.5 ton/ha).Response of Growth and Production of Srographic Andrographolida Plants (Andrographis paniculata Nees) Due to Differences in Guano Fertilizer Doses Bitter plant (Andrographis paniculata Nees.) including one featured Indonesian medicinal plants in addition to ginger, noni, gotu kola, aloe vera, pepper, and turmeric. Increased productivity is bitter to do with the improvement of farming techniques through a system of fertilization. Study of guano fertilizer application on the growth, production, and content andrographolide the bitter plant is limited, so it is necessary to know the effect of guano fertilizer on the growth and content of the plant andrographolide bitter. This research was conducted at the experiment station Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University Trunojoyo Madura at January-April 2016 by using a completely randomized design (RAL) non-factorial with 4 replications consisting of G0 (control/without guano fertilizer), G1 ( fertilizer guano 5 tons/ha) G2 (7.5 tons/ha), G3 (10 tons/ha), G4 (12.5 tons/ha) and G5 (15 tons/ha) on each trial there are 6 plants with details of 3 plants in the sample. The results showed that the guano fertilizer at a dose of 15 tons/ha (G5) can be increased plant height, leaf number, leaf area, total wet weight, and total dry weight. The highest content of andrographolide obtained at doses of 7.5 tons/ha (G2) of guano fertilizer, while the highest yield of andrographolide obtained at doses 12.5 tons/ha of guano fertilizer (G4).

scholarly journals Shea (Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn.) Seedlings Showed Impressive Recovery after Defoliation

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.D. Ugese ◽  
P.T. Ezechukwu ◽  
C. Ogbaje
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Characters ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

Experiments to determine the effect of seed size, watering interval and defoliation on growth and dry matter attributes of seedlings of shea butter tree were conducted at Makurdi, Nigeria, from July 2010 to April, 2012. In the first experiment, treatments were made up of three seed size categories described as small (5-10g), medium (11-15g) and large (16-20g) and three watering intervals of 3, 6 and 9 days. In the second experiment, treatments comprised three watering intervals of 3, 6 and 9 days and three levels of defoliation – 0, 50 and 100%. In both experiments, factorial combinations of the treatments were laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated three times. Results of analysis of variance showed that in the first experiment seed size significantly influenced root length with the medium and large seeds producing seedlings with comparatively longer roots than the small seeds. The most frequently watered seedlings (3 and 6 days) produced more leaves than those watered less frequently (9 days). Seed size influenced dry weight of root and total (whole plant) dry weight with the medium and large seeds recording significantly higher values than the small seeds. Watering interval however did not significantly influence any of the other traits. Seed weight exerted significant influence on amount of dry matter partitioned to the stem and the root. More dry matter was partitioned to the stem by the small seeds. Conversely, medium and large seeds allocated more dry matter to the root than to the stem. In the second experiment, defoliation level only influenced total fresh weight, dry weight of root and total dry weight in favour of plants with half their leaves removed. None of the traits examined were significantly influenced by watering regime. Interaction between defoliation level and watering regime significantly influenced total fresh weight, dry weight of root and total dry weight. Generally seed size had more influence on seedling characters than watering interval. Seedlings also demonstrated remarkable ability to overcome effects of defoliation.

scholarly journals Biochemical Response and Nutrient Uptake of Two Arbuscular Mycorrhiza-Inoculated Chamomile Varieties Under Different Water Potentials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ebrahimi ◽  
Amin Salehi ◽  
Mohsen Movahedi Dehnavi ◽  
Amin Mirshekari ◽  
Mohammad Hamidian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Abstract BackgroundWater-deficit stress is one of the most important sources of damage to crop production worldwide. Adopting appropriate varieties using soil microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM) can significantly reduce theadverseeffectsofwater deficiency.This study is aimed to evaluate the role of Funneliformismosseaeon nutrients uptake and some physiological traits of two chamomile varieties namely Bodgold (Bod) and Soroksári(Sor) under water-deficit stress. The pot experiment was performed in a hydroponic system within a completely randomized design considering four replications. Three levels of water-deficit stress (PEG 6000) were taken into account at water potentials of -0.4 and -0.8MPa. The second factor was AM inoculation.ResultsWater-deficit stress significantly reduced the uptake of macro-nutrients (N, P, and K) and micro-nutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn) in the shoots and roots. Moreover, the level of osmolytes (total soluble sugars and proline) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the shoots of both varieties increased under water-deficit stress. In the case of Sor variety, the level of these compounds was more satisfactory. AM improved plant nutrition uptake and osmolyte contents while enhancing antioxidant enzymes and reducing theadverseeffectsofwater-deficit stress. Under water-deficit stress, the growth and total dry weight improved upon AM inoculation. ConclusionsIn general, inoculation of chamomile with AM balanced the uptake of nutrients increased the level of osmolytes, antioxidant enzymes, and hence improved plant characteristics under water-deficit stress in both varieties, however, it was more effective in reducing stress damages in Sor variety.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN DAN EFISIENSI PAKAN IKAN NILA GIFT (Oreochromis niloticus) DENGAN PROPORSI PROTEIN PAKAN YANG BERBEDA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
titin liana febriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
High Feed

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has economic value due to high consumer demand, relatively affordable price, favorable taste and high tolerance to the environment. Constraints faced by farmers is the high feed prices because raw materials such as fish meal is still imported. So need to find alternative raw materials such as golden snail flour which has a cheap price. The purpose of this study is to analyze the proportion of the right golden snail flour in the fish feed so as to provide maximum growth rate for the seeds of tilapia gift. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 5 treatments with 3 replications. The parameters observed were growth rate and feed efficiency. The experimental results showed that the C treatment (0.19 g/day) was the highest growth rate and the highest feed efficiency in treatment C was 88.03%. Keywords: tilapia, mas snail flour, growth rate, and feed efficiency Abstrak Ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) memiliki nilai ekonomis karena permintaan konsumen yang tinggi, harga yang relatif terjangkau, rasa yang digemari dan memiliki toleransi yang tinggi terhadap lingkungan. Kendala yang dihadapi petani adalah harga pakan yang tinggi karena bahan baku seperti tepung ikan masih di impor. Maka perlu mencari bahan baku alternatif seperti tepung keong mas yang memiliki harga yang murah.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis proporsi tepung keong mas yang tepat dalam pakan ikan sehingga mampu memberikan laju pertumbuhan yang maksimal bagi benih ikan nila gift. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah laju pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan C (0,19 g/hari) merupakan laju pertumbuhan yang tertinggi dan efesiensi pakan tertinggi pada perlakuan C yaitu 88,03 %. Kata Kunci: ikan nila, tepung keong mas, laju pertumbuhan, dan efisiensi pakan

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