scholarly journals Participation of Women in the Notarial Public Deed of the 16th Century. From the Constriction of the Marital Licence to the Fullness of Widowhood

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alicia Marchant Rivera ◽  
Lorena Barco Cebrian

This study intends to analyse the participation of the married woman and the widow in the notarial public deed of the 16th century, in Spain, in light of the notarial forms and treatises of the time and the process itself of executing a notarial public deed. Visigothic Law would gather, to certain extent, Roman limitations and the openness brought by the Christian doctrine, resulting in the different legal systems of High Medieval times, when the married woman needed a licence from her husband in order to act. Spanish Law 56 of Toro would regulate the marital licence as a general system and compulsory requirement for the valid intervention of the married woman. In the beginning of the 16th century, not a few women executed notarial deeds and wrote royal letters related to registering as residents, returning properties and shortening litigations.

Author(s):  
Cayetano Núñez Rivero ◽  
Adolfo Alonso Carbajal

Sobre la protección del menor, se incide en un enfoque propio del Derecho Constitucional, a partir de las declaraciones de los derechos humanos, tanto del ámbito europeo, latinoamericano, musulmán, como de carácter global. A este respecto, se analiza la legislación española y los principios inspiradores de la misma. Se estudian igualmente los conflictos surgidos cuando tales derechos se enfrentan a otros sistemas legales de origen musulmán, que tienen su fundamento en materia de familia en sistemas canónicos jurídicos definidos por el Quaram, los Haddit, o dichos del profeta, la Umma, o decisiones de la asamblea de los creyentes, y los dictámenes de los juristas, organizados en escuelas diferentes, que configuran la Sharia.On the protection of minors, affects its own approach to constitutional law, from the declarations of human rights, both European, Latin American, Muslim, and global in nature. In this regard, discusses about Spanish law and the principles thereof. They also discussed the conflicts where such rights are facing other legal systems of Muslim origin, which are based on family legal systems defined canonical Quaram, the Haddit, or sayings of the prophet, the Umma, or decisions the assembly of believers, and the opinions of jurists, organized in different schools, which make up the Sharia.


2018 ◽  
pp. 213-237
Author(s):  
Nancy O. Gallman ◽  
Alan Taylor

Gallman and Taylor take up murder at the boundary zones between the Iroquois and British settlers and between Spanish Florida and the Lower Creeks and Seminoles. Despite contrasts between the legal systems of the empires—civil law and inquisitorial procedure on the Spanish side, common law and trial by jury on the British side—indigenous groups came to similar conclusions regarding murder. Specifically, Native leaders rejected execution of the guilty, as proposed by English law, or other punishments, from execution to imprisonment to exile, under Spanish law. They opted instead to resolve matters by “covering the grave,” or giving gifts by the culpable party to the aggrieved party in lieu of revenge. This practice was less likely to spark a blood feud and enabled indigenous groups to preserve corporate autonomy in the face of pressures to conform to imperial norms. Though reluctantly, imperial officials often went along with this in order to keep the peace.


Author(s):  
Валерий Викторович Игошев

В статье исследуется серебряный оклад Евангелия из собрания Государственного Русского музея с иконописным изображением Распятия на верхней деревянной крышке. Оклад Евангелия, происходящий из коллекции М. П. Боткина, выполнен в разнообразных техниках и имеет очень редко встречающуюся особенность - иконописное «Распятие» расположено в центральной части верхней крышки в заглублении (ковчеге). Аналогичные оклады Евангелий с иконописными изображениями нередко изготавливались псковскими мастерами в конце XIV- XVI вв. Исследуемый оклад состоит из разновременных серебряных деталей, которые свидетельствуют о его неоднократных переделках и «поновлениях». В центральной части верхней крышки Евангелия на гвоздиках крепятся серебряные золочёные пластины, украшенные надписями и растительным орнаментом, а также - семь узорчатых венчиков, выполненных псковским мастером в середине XVI в. Такие детали изготовлены в технике резьбы (оброна) и заполнены черной эмалью. В это же время сделаны литые детали двух застёжек с кожаными ремнями, скрепляющих деревянные крышки Евангелия. Все эти изящно и тонко исполненные серебряные детали по стилю и технике очень близки к работам псковских мастеров середины XVI в. Вероятно, к XVI в. следует отнести также гладкие накладные серебряные дробницы с гравированными изображениями символов евангелистов и святых. Разновременные дополнения оклада появились при его переделках. Обветшавшие, сломанные или утерянные детали изготавливались заново и заменяли оригинальные части оклада. Во второй половине XVII в. сделаны ажурные серебряные пластины со сканым растительным орнаментом и эмалью, закрывающие поля верхней крышки, выполненные псковским мастером в подражаниt тонким и изысканным образцам эмали по скани работы псковских мастеров XVI в. Во второй половине XVII в. было сделано утраченное иконописное изображение Распятия с фигурами предстоящих и летящими ангелами. В начале XVIII в. был заменён старый книжный блок на новый, а в XIX в. менялся бархат на нижней и верхней крышке Евангелия. Разнообразие деталей, сделанных в разных техниках на протяжении XVI-XVII-XVIII-XIX вв., свидетельствует о многочисленных ремонтах, и в то же время - бережном отношении к древнейшим деталям оклада книги, сохранившимся до нашего времени. The article reflects the research work of the silver oklad, laid on the Gospel book from the Russian Museum’s collection, with the iconographic depiction of the Crucifixion on the top. Originally, the Gospel cover came from the collection of M. P. Botkin and was made in a variety of techniques. It has a rarely encountered feature: the icon of “Crucifixion” is set in the recess, called “covchèg” (or “ark”) located on the top of a book cover. Similar oklads on the Gospel books with the iconographic images were often made by Pskov master jewelers at the end of the XIV-XVI centuries. This oklad consists of different silver parts of different time periods, which testify to its repeated alterations and “improvements.” The central part of the upper board is decorated with gilded silver plates, containing inscriptions, floral ornaments and seven patterned halos. They are made in the middle of 16th century by unknown Pskov jeweler in the technique of carving and decorated with a black enamel. The silver cast parts and pieces of two fasteners with a leather straps are made at the same time period. All these gracefully and finely made details are very similar in style and techniques to the works of the Pskov silversmiths active in the mid-16th century. The silver plaques with images and symbols of the evangelists and Saints engraved on them were made around the same time, but multiple additions and replacements, which were made at different periods appeared during its alterations. Broken or lost pieces were made anew, and they have replaced original, but worn out parts. The openwork silver plates and enameled filigree floral ornaments were made in the second half of the XVII century by the Pskov silversmith in imitation of subtle and exquisite enamel works of the 16th century Pskov masters. The Crucifixion with figures of Saints and flying angels was repainted in the second half of the XVII century. The old book block was replaced with a new one in the beginning of the XVIII century. The velvet, which is covering upper and lower book boards has been changed in the XIX century. Variety of parts were made in different technique styles during XVI - XVII - XVIII - XIX centuries; they show evidence of multiple repairs and, at the same time, show assiduous care for the most ancient pieces of the oklad and the book itself, preserved to our time.


2021 ◽  
pp. 174-186
Author(s):  
Senka Belić

Since ancient times, the concept of ethos has been a distinguished part of cultural heritage, living in various spheres of social, cultural, intellectual and religious life. During the Renaissance, the encounter of rhetorical categories and Christian doctrine opened the space for the manifestation of ethos in sacred music. Ethos is important as a rhetorical category, therefore, as a way to achieve persuasiveness, in which the theory of ethos of the Greek rhetorician Hermogenes of Tarsus will be consulted. Following this theory, which was also known in the Renaissance, a series of counterpoint methods will take form, which may indicate the manifestation of certain subcategories of ethos in music. Having in mind Hermogenes' concept of ethos on the one hand, and the significance of ethos in the Christian figure of Mary on the other, this paper examines a chain of manifestations and, given Hermogenes' subcategories, offers an in-depth reading of the text and music in the motet from the end of the 16th century. It is an early work of Claudio Monteverdi on the words of the Ave Maria prayer, which, according to its religious function and meaning, represents not only a concise appeal to the ethos of believers, but also the ethical foundation of Marian devotions.


1955 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Minorsky

THE historians1 who take the death of Jihan-shah's son Hasan 'All in 873/1468 as the end of the Qara-qoyunlu dynasty disregard the fact that for some time the descendants of Qara-Yusuf survived in Hamadan and in the beginning of the 16th century rose to new honours as the Qutb-shahs of Golconda. Under Indian skies they kept up their family traditions, and their court historians summed up afresh the history of the Qara-qoyunlu and restored the missing links in the genealogy of the kings of Golconda. These links form the special subject of the present article.


Exchange ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo

AbstractAlthough the present publication does completely meet the requirements for an academic article, we have decided to publish it because of the insights it provides into the latest developments within the Kimbanguist Church in Congo. The author is a theologian who was Dean of the Kimbanguist Faculty of Theology in Lutendele near Kinshasa until mid 2003. He was deeply involved in the problems that arose in the beginning of the 21st century. He is also a person who is able to explain diligently the views of the different parties in the Kimbanguist Church. However, due to his own involvement in these developments the article has rather the character of a document written by a well-educated participant observer, who is very familiar with his subject, than that of a publication authored by a scholar who does his utmost to remain neutral.The document explains the theological, religious and contextual backdrops of the doctrine of the Trinity developed in the Kimbanguist Church, for in this church the persons of the Trinity are narrowly connected with the founder of the church and his family. Since 2001 these connections were even made more intense. Interestingly there are some Biblical reasons for it as well, but nonetheless the church seems to loose doctrinal familiarity with the other churches in the world through these new evolutions.


Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Johanna Regev ◽  
Yuval Gadot ◽  
Helena Roth ◽  
Joe Uziel ◽  
Ortal Chalaf ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT The following paper presents the results of radiocarbon (14C) dating of Middle Bronze Age (MB) contexts in Jerusalem. The dates, sampled with microarchaeology methods from three different locations along the eastern slopes of the city’s ancient core, reveal that Jerusalem was initially settled in the early phases of the period, with public architecture first appearing in the beginning of the 19th century BC and continued to develop until the 17th century BC. At that time, a curious gap in settlement is noted until the 16th century BC, when the site is resettled. The construction of this phase continued into the early 15th century BC. The dates presented are discussed in both the site-level, as well as their far-reaching implications regarding MB regional chronology. It is suggested here that the high chronology, dating the Middle Bronze Age between 2000 and 1600 BC is difficult to reconcile with dates from many sites. In contrast, a more localized chronology should be adopted, with the Middle Bronze Age continuing into the early 15th century BC in certain parts of the southern Levant, such as the region of Jerusalem.


Author(s):  
Aldo Tollini

This essay presents examples of translation of keywords of the Christian doctrine translated by Jesuit missionaries during the so-called ‘Christian century’, when Europeans undertook the conversion of the Japanese, between the second half of the 16th century and the first part of the following. The purpose is to highlight the difficulties of translation between very distant and different cultures, and the strategies that were devised in order to overcome the problems.


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Δημήτρης AΓΟΡΙΤΣΑΣ

In 1542 the Patriarch of Constantinople Jeremiah I decided to re-establish the bishopric of Gardikion (east of Trikala), proclaiming Neophytos as its first bishop, subject to the metropolitan of Larissa Neophytos I. The reestablishment was a request of the foretold metropolitan because of the ataxia and the many abnormalities that took place that time by the so called “gloater and rebel of Church” against the bishopric of Gardikion and against the will of the Patriarch. In our study, we try to examine this subject and we attempt to enlighten some obscure points such as the identity of all those who were potentially responsible for this turbulence in the ecclesiastical life of Thessaly in the beginning of 16th century, as well as the reasons behind all these.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Samsir Samsir

The condition of Islam in the beginning of its entry in Kutai Kertanegara was still simple. After following developments today as developments in the field of science and technology, the process of spreading Islam has progressed. After Islam was accepted by the king and the people of Kutai in a peaceful manner. So the King of the Crown Prince or the Noble King of Islam ordered his people to abandon the teachings of their religion by replacing Islam. The development of Islamic religious teachings increased rapidly with the birth of several Islamic organizations which not only fought for the interests of a group of people but also maintained the existence of Islam, besides the strategic location of Kutai Kartanegara. The Central Kalimantan region is central, causing it to get migration from all parties which gives rise to races and acculturation of cultures which gives rise to a culture that has a variety of styles. In the 16th century, the migration of the Malay to the East was due to the pressure of political pressure which violently flared in western Indonesia with the fall of Malacca in 1511 AD. The great flow of Malay migration to the East began with capital to Makassar where they controlled spices. -rempah Maluku together with Javanese people. Aceh's expansion of Johor and other regions of the Malacca Peninsula at the beginning of the 17th century. The disruption of the Dutch over Malacca in 1941 AD in Western Indonesia added to the swift flow to the East. With the acceptance of Islam as the official religion of the kingdom by the king of the Crown, all of his people also abandoned the religion previously believed. As a broadcaster on Islam, Lord Tunggang Parangan began teaching about monotheism and the teachings of Islam as a whole. For his patience and tenacity to teach about Islamic teachings, religious teachers and scholars were born who could help continue the mission in developing Islam in Kutai, especially in East Kalimantan. Thus Islam in East Kalimantan can develop both through education, marriage, trade, as well as art and culture.


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