scholarly journals John Calvin, 2 Samuel 2:8-32 and Resistance to Civil Government: Supreme Equivocation or Mastery of Contextual Exegesis?

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Muttitt
Keyword(s):  
John Calvin ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Samuel 2 ◽  
The World ◽  
Armed Resistance ◽  
Civil Government ◽  
2 Samuel

Over the years, it has been the considered view of some scholars that John Calvin regarded popular armed resistance to duly appointed but abusive civil rulers as illegitimate in the world of the 16th century and, by analogy, in the world of today. Instead, they are of the view that the legitimacy of forceful resistance to a tyrannical civil magistrate as subsequently developed by the later Huguenots, Scottish Covenanters and English Parliamentarians was rooted in the thought of Theodore Beza as it allegedly diverged from that of Calvin. They apparently base this view exclusively on a reading of the Institutes 4.20.24-30. This paper examines whether Calvin’s sermons on 2 Samuel, preached in 1562, puts to rest accusations of equivocation raised by the infamous “perhaps” of paragraph 31; and if so, whether they evidence a development in Calvin’s thought which stands in irreconcilable contradiction to the position expressed in the last chapter of the Institutes. Opsomming Johannes Calvyn, 2 Samuel 2:8-32 en weerstand teen die burgerlike owerheid: uiterste dubbelsinnigheid of beheersing van kontekstuele eksegese? Deur die jare was dit die oorwoë mening van kenners dat Johannes Calvyn gewapende weerstand teen die regmatige – hoewel onderdrukkende – owerheid as onwettig in die wêreld van die 16de eeu beskou het, en dat dit daarom ook onwettig vir vandag is. Daarenteen is hulle van mening dat die regmatigheid van gewelddadige weerstand teen die onderdrukkende owerheid, soos dit later deur die Hugenote, Skotse ‘Covenanters’ en Engelse Parlementariërs ontwikkel is, eerder in die denke van Theodore Beza gegrond was, na bewering in afwyking van Calvyn. Oënskynlik word hierdie mening uitsluitend gebaseer op ’n lesing van die Institusie 4.20.24-30. Hierdie artikel ondersoek of Calvyn se preke oor 2 Samuel, gehou in 1562, die aantyging van dubbelsinnigheid wat deur die berugte “miskien” van paragraaf 31 opgeroep word, kan weerlê. En indien wel, of hierdie preke ’n ontwikkeling in Calvyn se denke aantoon, wat in ’n onversoenbare teenstrydigheid staan met die posisie wat in die laaste hoofstuk van die Institusie ingeneem word.

The place of the plant world in the worldview system of transoxiana sufism in 16th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Extra-A) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Lutfullo Eshonovich Ismoilov ◽  
Ramil Tagirovich Yuzmukhametov ◽  
Markhabo Tukhtasunovna Rajabova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
The World ◽  
Lives Of The Saints

The article considers the topic of the Plant World in the Sufi writings of the 16th century Transoxiana, based on the material of manakibs, i. e. the so-called Lives of the Saints. The significance and relevance of the topic is due to the need to study the issues of semantic interpretation of the concept of plant and plant world in Sufi writings. Hence, the purpose of this article is to disclose the diverse meanings of the concept of the “World of Plants” contained in the 16th-century Transoxiana manakibs of such authors as Abdurakhman Jami, Abu-l Baka b. Khodzha Bakha-ud-din, Khusein Serakhsi. The main method in the study of this issue is the historical and comparative method, and the method of literary analysis, which allows you to create a holistic understanding of the symbolism of the Plant World in Sufi writings of Transoxiana of the 16th century.      

scholarly journals The covenantal trinitarian alternative to the scholastic dilemma

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy G.A. Ive
Keyword(s):  
John Calvin ◽  
The World ◽  
Cornelius Van Til ◽  
Institutional Church ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Van Til

This article sets out what it calls the ‘scholastic dilemma’ about whether God’s relation to the world is necessary or contingent – the former is based on a view of God primarily as intellect and the latter on a view of God primarily as will. In his dictum, Deus legibus solutus est sed non exlex, John Calvin rejects both these positions. The trinitarian basis for this dictum was spelt out more fully by later Calvinistic thinkers, including Abraham Kuyper and Cornelius van Til. Implicitly for Calvin and explicitly for Kuyper and Van Til, the love of the Persons of the Trinity for one another is the basis for God’s covenantal trustworthiness in his dealings with the world. Recognising this trinitarian basis allows us to conceive of God as at once faithful in his dealing with the world, and yet not dependent on the world for his existence. This has profound and far-reaching implications for our understanding of society, including the universal and institutional church and a recognition of the priority of relationships, both theoretically and practically.

scholarly journals Constructions with the verb EITI ‘to go’ in the 16th century Lithuanian writings

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Agnė Lisauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Frame Semantics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Motion State ◽  
The World ◽  
Motion Verb ◽  
Considerable Body

This research investigates the semantics and the structure of the constructions with the verb eiti ‘to go’ extracted from the old Lithuanian written texts, dating back to the 16th century. It aims to examine the meanings and the structure of the constructions that contain the motion verb eiti ‘to go’ within their structure. There is a considerable body of research investigating various aspects of motion verbs in different languages of the world, including Lithuanian. However, no studies have so far targeted constructions with the verb eiti ‘to go’, found in the 16th century Lithuanian writings. The present study is based on the qualitative content analysis, quantitative analysis, and frame semantics methodology. The concordances of the Lithuanian texts have been filtered out from the Database of Old Writings digitalised by the Institute of the Lithuanian Language. The examples were taken from Martynas Mažvydas’ Katekizmas (MžK) and Forma krikštymo (MžF), Jonas Bretkūnas’ Biblija (BB), Giesmės Duchaunos (BG), Kancionalas (BKa) and Kolektos (BKo), Mikalojus Daukša’s Katekizmas (DK) and Postilė (DP).The frames of Motion, State, Law, Eternity, Service, Opposition, Law, etc., evoked by the selected constructions, were examined using the frame semantics (FrameNet Project). The research has shown that the current constructions with the motion verb eiti ‘to go’ can form the core of the mentioned frames. The observation that has emerged from this analysis is that some meanings of the analysed constructions are conserved in the current Lithuanian language while others have already disappeared. This work could be useful for historical linguists.

scholarly journals The Books of Sigismund II Augustus in Vilnius University Library: Decorations of Book Covers and New Data about Provenances

Knygotyra ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 35-95
Author(s):  
Sondra Rankelienė
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
University Library ◽  
The World ◽  
Manufacturing Location ◽  
Book Covers ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Personal Library ◽  
Made In ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

In this article, the latest data about the personal book collection items of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Sigismund II Augustus in Vilnius University (VU) Library are presented. The authors that have been doing research on these books have not ascertained all of the embossed images that were used for cover decoration and have not identified the locations of where these books were bound and have not disclosed all of the provenances. In order to amend the lack of knowledge about the books of Sigismund II Augustus in VU library, the book covers of the King’s personal library were reviewed de visu and decorative ornaments were described. The ownership signs of the books were registered once again. While describing and comparing these books with the copies in various libraries of the world, the number of physical books (14) and publications in composite volumes (21) kept in VU library was assessed. The name of one book and a publisher’s imprint of two books were specified, eight provenances that were not mentioned by previous authors were registered. While describing book covers, the embossed images were given provisory names. Connections between the supralibros, dates of binding, decorative wheels, single embossed images, and other decorative elements were detected and lead to a reasonable conclusion that eight out of fourteen books from the Sigismund II Augustus collection were bound in Kraków, five were bound by bookbinders in Vilnius, while one was rebound in the 18th century. The identification of tools used by craftsmen that worked in Kraków and Vilnius will allow to ascertain the manufacturing location of similar book covers made in the middle of the 16th century.

scholarly journals The Puritans in Early American Society and the Premises of Religious Fundamentalism

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Birane Sene
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
John Calvin ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Early American ◽  
The World ◽  
American Society ◽  
Relationship Of

Puritanism is historically a form of Protestantism, resulting from the movement of John Calvin affirmed in England, from the 1560s in reaction against official Anglicanism considered too close to idolatry. Puritans will leave England where they were persecuted and settle in the East of the United States later known as New England. This puritan community will serve as a model of a Protestant state based on religious principles. The rigor of the Calvinist doctrine determined social relations and guided the destiny of handpicked people for their moral rectitude. The principles that governed this Puritan society were already laying the foundations for a theocracy whose imprints are still visible in today’s American society. The puritans were pretending to be the light that should shine above the world and enlighten it with its values, and on this basis, they excluded any relationship of equality with others. Despite this theocratic ideal, the Protestant identity will gradually fade in favor of a secular state with a religious diversity and pluralism.

scholarly journals Modello di tutto il mondo tracciato a perfezione

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milanesi Milanesi
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The World ◽  
First Results

This article presents the first results of the studies on the geographical content of the heart-shaped map of the world signed Cagi Acmet (1559), which has been made possible by the complete transliteration and translation of the work. The considered area, i.e. Central Asia, is presented and compared with 16th-century cartography. The Author draws from an in-depth examination of this area, as well as from the study of all the other parts of the map, the conclusion that the heart-shaped map is the work of the cartographer Giacomo Gastaldi, active in Venice between 1545 and 1566.

Educación financiera: ¿por qué la necesitamos?

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Adriana Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
For Profit ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire Nation ◽  
The Right

For the longest time, roughly from the 16th century, with the establishment of capitalism around the world, people have been working towards ways of ensuring their survival by accumulating assets and money. Capitalism is a system predominated by private ownership and the constant quest for profit and the accumulation of wealth. Despite being conceived as an economic system model, it influences political, social, cultural, ethical and many other spheres, encompassing our affecting our entire nation. With the onset of globalization over the past 50 years, the capitalist system has become the predominant system throughout the world and effects all beings in one way or another. In an effort to generate wealth, many factors influence decisions made within the world of finances, and ignorance of the theme is no longer an option. Financial education is an important discipline in providing citizens the opportunity to exercise their rights and duties within the financial world, allowing for more accurate decision-making. Financial citizenship entails an individual’s ability to make the right choices, exercising their rights and fulfilling the associated duties. It is a concept taken from the term citizenship.

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