scholarly journals Antioxidant capacity of capulin (Prunus serotina subsp. capuli (Cav). McVaugh) fruit at different stages of ripening

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Diana Guerra-Ramìrez ◽  
Guillermina Hernández Rodríguez ◽  
Teodoro Espinosa- Solares ◽  
Artemio Perez-Lopez ◽  
Irma Salgado-Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Simple Factor ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Factor Design

Abstract. – Prunus serotina is a specie that grows wild or under cultivated conditions in several regions of America, and which has attracted considerable attention as a potential source of antioxidants. The study aimed to evaluate the concentration changes in compounds that contribute to the antioxidant capacity in capulín (Prunus serotina) fruits during the ripening process in order to define the time when the maximum concentration is reached. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated by spectroscopic methods. A completely randomized simple factor design was used for the statistical analysis. It was found that the content of total phenols and flavonoids decreased significantly at S3 (93 DAA) stage of ripening. Total anthocyanins increased significantly to 1.4 . The antioxidant capacity of the fruits had a maximum value of 63.7  at S3 stage of ripening (93 DAA). The results indicated that antioxidant capacity of the fruits is higher before reaching the characteristic purplish coloration, which is an indicator for consumption.  

scholarly journals Evaluation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in some edible flowers

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 857-870
Author(s):  
Fernando Gonçalves ◽  
João Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
Ana Cristina Ferrão ◽  
Paula Correia ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

AbstractRecently, edible flowers (EF) have aroused increased interest because of their aesthetic properties as well as potential health benefits related to the occurrence of some bioactive compounds. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the total phenolics, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity (AOA) (following DPPH and ABTS methods) in eleven EF. The samples were subjected to three successive extraction steps using methanol, and these extracts were then analysed for the aforementioned properties using spectrophotometric methods. The obtained extracts were used for the quantification of phenolic composition and AOA. The results indicated that, among the flowers analysed in this study, red rose, pink rose, and red carnation possessed the highest total phenolic contents (27.53, 23.30, and 18.17 mg g−1 gallic acid equivalents, respectively), total anthocyanins (3.07, 1.97, and 4.47 mg g−1 catechin equivalents [CE], respectively), and AOA (12.07, 15.77, and 12.93 mg g−1 TE, respectively, as given by the DPPH method or 8.23, 9.27 and 8.00 mg g−1 TE, respectively, as given by the ABTS method). The flowers with highest flavonoids contents were red carnation, Mexican marigold, and pink rose (17.50, 16.90, and 16.57 mg g−1 CE, respectively). Cluster analysis grouped the analysed flowers into two groups, those richest in phenolics with AOA and those not so rich. Finally, some important correlations were observed between the total phenolics and the AOA. In conclusion, these flowers could represent a potential source of natural compounds with antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Gamma Radiation Applied in Euterpe oleraceae Pulps

2020 ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Lucia Maria Jaeger de Carvalho ◽  
Bruno Paranhos ◽  
Edgar Francisco Oliveira de Jesus ◽  
José Luiz Viana de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
The City ◽  
Nuclear Instrumentation

Aims: The aim of this work was to evaluate the optimal radiation dose to maintain the antioxidant capacity of conventional and organic acaí freeze-dried pulps. Study Design: All analyses were conducted in sextuplicate for each experiment. Place and Duration of Study: Were conducted at the LATAIA and the irradiation processes at the Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study was carried out from July, 2018 to March, 2020. Methodology: Frozen acaí pulps from two commercial brands, one of them organic and other conventional were used and purchased in the city of Rio de Janeiro, packed in plastic bags containing 1 kg. For each brand, frozen pulps (5 kg) were thawed at 4ºC, opened and homogenized. Samples were subdivided into aliquots ranging from 20 to 300 g for the assays and frozen inside the plastic bags until analyses. A Cobalt 60, Gammacell irradiator was used and doses of 1.25. 2.5. 3.75 and 5 kGy were applied in the in natura pulps. Antioxidant capacity was performed by the ORAC and DPPH methods and, phenolic compounds by Folin Ciocalteau method and, total anthocyanins and majority anthocyanidins by HPLC. Results: Anthocyanins increases at irradiaton dose up to 3.75 kGy in organic açaí but it was not significant in conventional acaí irradiated at low doses (1.25 to 3.75 kGy). Our results suggested that irradiation doses up to 5 kGy do not decrease total phenolic or anthocyanin contents nor the pulp antioxidant activity compared with non-irradiated pulps. The results showed irradiation did not reduce these analytes, and even increased in the organic acaí. Conclusion: The study evidenced that gamma irradiation can be an alternative safe process for fruit pulps preservation. We conclude that irradiation doses up to 5 kGy can be used in acaí without harming its antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Optimization and Evaluation of Bioactive Characteristics of Commercial Rumex abyssinicus (Mekmeko) Tea in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiber Gashe ◽  
Tazebew Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Titrable Acidity ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

The physicochemical parameters, mineral composition, and nutraceutical properties of commercial “mekmeko” teas powder were analyzed in the present study. The pH of samples was slightly acidic (3.74 to 4.15), titratable acidity was low (0.094 to 0.155%) and sensory attributes (over all acceptability) were wide variable (5.9 - 6.69). The optimized selected commercial “mekmeko” tea obtained pH(4.05), titrable acidity(0.069%) ,acceptable sensory results (6.69), acceptable highest content of zinc (0.069 mg•L−1), magnesium (2.12 mg•L−1), potassium (62.34 mg•L−1),iron (0.28 mg•L−1) and calcium (17.19 mg•L−1). The nutrceticual property of optimized commercial “mekmeko” tea obtained acceptable highest content in total phenols (211.38 mg•L−1), total flavonoids (62.98 mg•L−1), total catechins (409.67 mg•L−1), and total anthocyanins (581.97 mg•L−1). Optimized “Mekmeko” teas showed the highest antioxidant capacity levels in DPPH (718.41 μmolTE•L−1), ABTS (607.62μmolTE•L−1), and FRAP (953.81μmolTE•L−1) assays. The results obtained in the present work give information to consumers for choosing flavored-colored ready-to-drink “mekmeko” tea based on the physicochemical, nutritional and nutraceutical properties.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity ofCornus stoloniferaplant material: Applications in agriculture

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara K. Isaak ◽  
Jay C. Petkau ◽  
O Karmin ◽  
Kim Ominski ◽  
Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Cornus Stolonifera ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

Isaak, C. K., Petkau, J. C., O, K., Ominski, K., Rodriguez-Lecompte, J. C, and Siow, Y. L. 2013. Seasonal variations in phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Cornus stolonifera plant material: Applications in agriculture. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 725–734. The present study was carried out to establish the antioxidant capacity of plant material of Cornus stolonifera (syn. Cornus sericea, Red Osier Dogwood) grown in Manitoba, by measuring total phenolic content and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) over a 3-yr period. The presence and concentrations of flavonoids that might account for antioxidant abilities were investigated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and a total anthocyanins assay. Both ORAC levels and phenolic content increased during the spring, peaked during the summer months (1631.65±166.30 µmol trolox equivalents g−1DW in July 2011, 220.38±2.29 mg gallic acid equivalents g−1DW in August 2012), and then declined during the fall in all 3 yr. Analysis of individual flavonoids in 2010 samples revealed that high levels of rutin, a glycoside of quercetin, were present ranging from 7.46±0.09 (July 2010) to 18.77±0.23 mg g−1dried sample (October 2010). Anthocyanin content was high in the spring, very low in the summer months, and increased in the fall over all 3 yr. Although polyphenolic and antioxidant content in Cornus spp. plants have been largely attributed to their berries, results from this study demonstrate that other plant material may also be an abundant source of these compounds.

scholarly journals Assessment of Antioxidant Properties of Classic Energy Drinks in Comparison with Fruit Energy Drinks

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Nowak ◽  
Michał Gośliński
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

Energy drinks (EDs) contain sugar, caffeine, and other bioactive compounds. Recently, new types of EDs, enriched with fruit juices, natural pigments, and plant extracts, have been launched in the market. The objective of this study was to investigate the composition and antioxidant properties of the most popular classic and fruit EDs. The study was carried out including 24 of the most popular energy drinks (classic and fruit EDs). The composition of EDs, especially caffeine and sugar, and antioxidant properties (antioxidant capacity, total polyphenols, total anthocyanins, vitamin C) were analyzed. Energy drinks with added fruit juice or natural pigments had a significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) antioxidant capacity compared to classic energy drinks. Fruit EDs had a higher concentration of polyphenols and vitamin C. In some fruit EDs, slight amounts of anthocyanins were found. Generally, EDs are not a rich source of polyphenols and are not distinguished by high antioxidant capacity. However, fruit energy drinks and/or ones with added natural pigments have much better antioxidant properties than classic EDs. Both classic and fruit EDs contain a large amount of caffeine and sugar, therefore, it would be advisable not to drink large amounts of EDs for possible related health issues.

Population Levels, Species, and Characteristics of Micrococcaceae during the Manufacturing and Ripening of Armada-Sobado Hard Goat's Milk Cheese

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 1200-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARÍA E. TORNADIJO ◽  
JOSÉ M. FRESNO ◽  
JAVIER CARBALLO ◽  
ROBERTO MARTÍN SARMIENTO
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Goat’S Milk ◽  
Goat's Milk

The changes in the counts and the species of Micrococcaceae were studied throughout the manufacturing and ripening of a Spanish hard goat's milk cheese, the Armada-Sobado variety. In the milk, counts on mannitol salt agar (MSA) ranged from 2 × 104 to 5 × 104 CFU/g. These counts showed the maximum value in the curd (7 × 104 to 4 × 105 CFU/g), decreasing afterwards slowly but steadily throughout the ripening process to reach final counts on average 2 logarithmic units lower than those found in the curd. Of 280 isolates obtained from MSA during manufacturing and ripening, 66 (24%) were considered to be Micrococcaceae. Staphylococcus sciuri (22.5% of the isolates at this sampling point) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (7.5%) were the only two species of staphylococci isolated from the milk. In the curd, S. sciuri increased its proportion (30%) whilst the percentage of S. saprophyticus remained constant. None of these species was isolated from the cheese. S. aureus was detected only in curd (7.5% of the isolates obtained at this sampling point). S. xylosus, S. capitis, S. epidermidis, and S. warneri were isolated from curd and cheese, or exclusively from cheese, but always in very low proportions. Micrococcus varians (10%) and M. roseus (5%) were the two species of micrococci isolated from the milk. M. varians increased its proportion in curd (17.5%) and could not be isolated in cheese. M. roseus appeared neither in curd nor in cheese. All the isolated staphylococcal strains were tested for production of A, B, C, and D enterotoxins. The three isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus produced A and C enterotoxins, but neither B or D. Of 41 coagulase-negative strains only two of the Staphylococcus sciuri isolated from milk produced C enterotoxins.

scholarly journals Native fruits of Peru as a potential source of nutrients, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in the nutritional requirements of vulnerable groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-440
Author(s):  
Antonio Obregón La Rosa ◽  
Garbiña Talledo Rodríguez ◽  
Rember Pinedo Taco
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Dietary Reference Intake ◽  
Andean Region ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Average Contribution

The Andean region has a great variety of native species, which can satisfy a large part of the daily nutritional requirements, necessary for vulnerable populations, due to their high nutrient content. In this work, the physicochemical characterization of three types of native fruits from the Andean region of Peru was carried out: Aguaymanto (Physalis peruviana), yellow pitahaya (Selenericeus megalanthus) and Quito (Solanum quitoense), the potential of nutrients, the bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity and was compared with the nutritional requirement of vulnerable groups (older adults, pregnant mothers and lactating mothers). For each vulnerable group, the average contribution of the fruits and the theoretical average contribution of a five-day diet were contrasted with the IDR10, which represents 10 % of the total requirement of the Dietary Reference Intake (IDR) considering that the consumption of the fruit represents 10 % of the total food intake per day. To test the hypothesis, a global index was determined as a function of desirability, determined from the geometric mean of the indices of physical-chemical, nutritional, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of the studied fruits. The non-parametric statistical method of Kruskal Wallis was used with a significant level of 5 %, significantly verifying (p≤ 0.05) that the content of the components of the native fruits represent a potential source of nutrients, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in the nutritional requirements of vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals Evaluation of European Cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.) genotypes for agro-morphological, biochemical and bioactive characteristics in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilda Ersoy ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Muttalip Gundogdu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Viburnum Opulus ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

AbstractThe study evaluated some agro-morphological (fruit weight, fruit flesh ratio, fruit skin colour, number of fruits per raceme, number of racemes per bush), biochemical (vitamin C, soluble solids content, organic acids), and bioactive (total phenolics, total anthocyanins, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity) characteristics of the fruit of a number of selected European Cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.) genotypes grown in the Sivas province of Turkey. To evaluate the antioxidant capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were performed. The results showed genotype-specific differences in most of the agro-morphological, biochemical and bioactive characteristics. The range of fruit weight, number of fruits per raceme, and number of racemes per bush was between 0.67 and 0.82 g, 40.7 and 57.1, and 470 and 581, respectively. The highest vitamin C and soluble solids contents were found in the fruits of genotypes SIV-9 and SIV-6 as 39 mg per 100 g and 12.6%, respectively. Tartaric acid was the main organic acid in all the genotypes; it ranged from 120 to 144 mg per 100 g of fruit FW. Total phenolic, total anthocyanin and total flavonoid contents ranged from 621 to 987 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g, 15 to 51 mg cyanidin-3-rutinoside equivalents per 100 g, and 202 to 318 mg rutin equivalents per 100 g, respectively. Genotype SIV-10 had the highest antioxidant capacity (34.90 μmol Trolox per g, based on FRAP assays). The present study shows the potential of the evaluated European Cranberrybush genotypes for improving the nutritional value through germplasm enhancement programmes.

scholarly journals Optimisation of the extraction process of antioxidant capacity compounds from beet (Beta vulgaris L.) stalk

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 2621-2632
Author(s):  
Emanueli Backes ◽  
◽  
Aziza Kamal Genena ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Water Ratio ◽  
Reducing Capacity

Beet is a traditional root consumed worldwide and is considered a potential source of several bioactive compounds, yet during production and commercialisation activities, its leaves and stalks are discarded. The beet residue has notable quantities of diverse phenolic compounds that are not taken advantage of it. The beet stalks (sample) were obtained from a local producer at the municipality of Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná state, Brazil. The optimisation of the extraction process of antioxidant capacity compounds from beet stalk was done by response surface methodology (RSM), with three independent variables (time, from 5 to 85 min; temperature, from 20 to 80 °C and solvent, from 0 to 100% of ethanol/water ratio). Extracts were evaluated for their reducing capacity, measured by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and antioxidant capacity by the ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The optimal global extraction conditions determined were 5 min, 80 °C and 50% ethanol, yielding 13.157 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g–1, 21.539 mol Trolox equivalents g-1 (TE; DPPH) and 250.190 ?mol TE g–1 (ABTS). Beet stalk demonstrated to be an alternative and rich source of recovering of natural antioxidant compounds, showing higher contents when compared to other agro-industrial residues.

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