scholarly journals Consequences of the 2020–2021 Crisis for Different Professional Groups in Russian Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-67
Author(s):  
Natalia Tikhоnova
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pay Cuts ◽  
Office Personnel

The economic crisis caused by the pandemic has had a profound impact on the economic situation and the employment of Russians. However the most common among its consequences appeared to be pay cuts and increased workload rather than the transition to telecommuting. The social security of employees has also decreased. Meanwhile certain effects of the crisis were present within different professional groups to varying degrees. Manual workers, especially those employed in the private sector of the economy, were, relatively speaking, more prone to face the most severe consequences. Working Russians’ situation deteriorated parallel to a further decline in their resourcefulness. From this perspective, the working portion of the general population is divided into three groups: high-resource managers and professionals; semi-professionals and ordinary office personnel occupying an intermediate position in terms of their recourses; mostly low-resource and no-resource trade and manual workers. Since the gains on resources in Russia for members of the mass layer of the population are relatively small and tend to decline in all of them, the role of the labor market in the strategies that Russians employ in order to improve their well-being is gradually decreasing, while the spread of passive and non-constructive strategies is growing. The low resourcefulness of the country’s general population also causes universality of means to improve material status among members of different professional groups. At the same time, within the different professional groups individual resourcefulness significantly affects the choice of means for improving material status, or the refusal to take any actions for that purpose. This, taking into account the specifics of the resources possessed by members of different professional groups, ensures their unequal resistance to consequences of the crisis and different effectiveness of their actions when it comes to improving their situation, which leads to the differences between them deepening even further.

scholarly journals Professionalization Processes in the Context of Modernization of the Social Structure of Russian Society

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-104
Author(s):  
Yuliya V. Ermolaeva ◽  
◽  
Elena Y. Ivanova ◽  
Elena M. Kolesnikova ◽  
Valeriy A. Mansurov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Sociology Of Professions ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychology Pedagogy

The object of abcomprehensive interdisciplinary research (Sociology, Economics, History, Psychology, Pedagogy, Management, Law, etc.) is about study the problems of social adaptation and functioning of various professional groups in the process of modernizing the social structure of Russian society and impact of social processes on their viability. The relevance of the research is due to the rapidly changing and increasingly complex processes of forming the professional structure of Russian society under the influence of external factors (instability of the world socio-political systems, the crisis of the world economy, the prospects for resolving contradictions between global and national ways of development of States, Informatization and digitalization of social communications, the increase in conflicts of interests between subjects of the labor process) and internal factors (features of the modern national labor market, disproportionality of the distribution of productive forces on the territory of Russia, demographic problems; changes in the motivational vector of the choice of professional trajectory of young people, ineffective reform of the system of secondary and higher education). The work carried out in 2019 is devoted to the study of changes in status positions and the implementation of cultural, political and educational capital by representatives of the engineering, pedagogical, medical community, environmentalists and online specialists in the context of changes in the social structure of abmodernizing society. The most significant areas of activity were: assessment of the quality and prospective role of engineering education as abtechnological basis for the effectiveness of modernization processes in the economy; considering proforientation events as part of government policy in abperspective of staffing modernization processes; analysis of the role of Informatization of computerization and digitalization as the realities of the developing information society, shaping new relations of production and specifics of communication in society at all stages of formation or extinction of occupational groups. The results of the research deserve the attention of specialists who study the social structure of society, can be useful for preparing abcourse of lectures on the sociology of professions and professional groups, as well as for managers at various levels involved in education, labor relations and information technology.

scholarly journals Experiencing Stress among Different Professional Groups in the Context of Their Age

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 622
Author(s):  
Grażyna Bartkowiak ◽  
Agnieszka Krugiełka ◽  
Paulina Kostrzewa-Demczuk ◽  
Ryszard Dachowski ◽  
Katarzyna Gałek-Bracha
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Managerial Positions ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Excessive Stress

The subject of this article is the identification of coping with stress and experiencing stress in three groups of the same number of people, different in terms of their occupation: professional soldiers of the Polish Army with the rank of an officer, people employed in managerial positions, and specialists working in independent positions in the context of their age. The analysis of the literature and the research carried out refer to the concept of sustainable development. This indicates the need to take care of limiting excessive stress and improving the mental well-being of all employees, regardless of the demographic characteristics and nature of the work performed. In order to identify possible differences, three types of questionnaires meeting the criteria of psychometric correctness were used (CISS, KPS, PSS-10). The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis using the FUZZY TOPSIS method based on multi-criteria decision-making and the fuzzy logic, which was first applied in the social science. The obtained data confirmed some differentiation within the three studied groups, as well as the modifying role of age in coping and experiencing stress.

Historical dynamics of the social structure of Russian society

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Альберт Кравченко ◽  
Al'bert Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Country Specific

The social structure is a photograph of society, which embodies its historical destiny - from tragic fractures to the highest point of prosperity. The economic downturns and booms and changes in the political regime were followed by changes in the fate of entire estates, classes and professional groups. The author examines in detail and analyzes the correlation of social strata in different historical periods of Russia through their dynamics: the division and proletarisation, the Genesis of the working class, the formation of new layers in its composition, in particular, the precariat and the cognitive system, the phenomenology of poverty, the evolution of the country-specific noble and serf bourgeoisie, the universal historical role of the middle class, intellectuals and the elite of society. The monograph is aimed at specialists in the field of socio-economic issues of the history of Russia and is addressed to modern youth, thinking about the fate of their homeland.

scholarly journals The Influence of Masculinity and the Moderating Role of Religion on the Workplace Well-Being of Factory Workers in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6250
Author(s):  
Quan Gao ◽  
Orlando Woods ◽  
Xiaomei Cai
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Support ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Being There ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Moderating Role

This paper explores how the intersection of masculinity and religion shapes workplace well-being by focusing on Christianity and the social construction of masculinity among factory workers in a city in China. While existing work on public and occupational health has respectively acknowledged masculinity’s influences on health and the religious and spiritual dimensions of well-being, there have been limited efforts to examine how variegated, and especially religious, masculinities influence people’s well-being in the workplace. Drawing on ethnography and in-depth interviews with 52 factory workers and 8 church leaders and factory managers, we found that: (1) Variegated masculinities were integrated into the factory labor regime to produce docile and productive bodies of workers. In particular, the militarized and masculine cultures in China’s factories largely deprived workers of their dignity and undermined their well-being. These toxic masculinities were associated with workers’ depression and suicidal behavior. (2) Christianity not only provided social and spiritual support for vulnerable factory workers, but also enabled them to construct a morally superior Christian manhood that phytologically empowered them and enhanced their resilience to exploitation. This paper highlights not only the gender mechanism of well-being, but also the ways religion mediates the social-psychological construction of masculinity.

Development of ecological culture of an individual in a multicultural environment.

2020 ◽  
Vol 89-90 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 102-115
Author(s):  
Natalia Evstafyeva ◽  
◽  
Irina Wagner ◽  
Yulia Grishaeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ecological Culture ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The article deals with methodological aspects of the development of ecological culture of schoolchildren in a multicultural educational environment. The authors identify two acute problems in modern society – multiculturalism and ecology. The Russian Federation is a multicultural country. Multicultural education is aimed at preserving the diversity of Russian society, carries the potential and tool for protecting ethnic and national communities in a multi-ethnic Russia, promotes the integration of all territorial-economic, political and national-cultural communities into a single Russian nation, allows a person to adapt to a multicultural world, helps a person understand himself and the people around him and promote the social role of a cultural person in society. The authors consider the relationship between multiculturalism and ethnopedagogy, identify the main pedagogical approaches and principles of development of multicultural education. The article notes the importance of integration of two significant areas in education and in the world - ethnology and ecology. Together they make an ethno-cultural module and an eco-cultural module which form the values for the society sustainable development. The possibility of using the technology of project activity through the implementation of ethno-ecological projects of students is considered. The authors note that ethnoecological projects on the dominant activity of students can be of different directions: research, educational, creative or practical ones. The most effective way to work on projects is through the implementation of a system of eco-oriented multicultural project weeks. Authors pay an important attention to the projects aimed at studying the ethnoecological traditions of the native land, the peculiarities of its geography, climate, natural landscape, flora and fauna, reflected in folklore, folk crafts, cults, rituals, holidays, legends, myths, etc.

The Moderation Role of Being Valued by Teachers Over the Association Between School Children Motivation and Need for Competition

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110441
Author(s):  
Cristina Maria Bostan ◽  
Tudor Stanciu ◽  
Răzvan-Lucian Andronic
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Social Constructivism ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Economic Status ◽  
Motivation For Learning ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

Concordant with classical theoretical guidelines (i.e., social facilitation, social constructivism theory, and the Pygmalion effect) we tested the need for competition and perception of being valued by teachers to be better motivated for learning in school. We extend knowledge by testing these associations mediated by the social economic status given by the well-being of the family (i.e., controlling for gender and socio-economic status). A total of 214 Romanian students (45.3% boys) with ages between 13 and 17 years were administered the PEER questionnaire (i.e., perception of being valued by teachers, school-children motivation, and the need for competition). Results show a positive relation between the need for competition and motivation for learning. We also found positive relations between the perception of being valued by the teacher and motivation for learning and the need for competition. We conclude that motivation is higher when the need for competition is higher and the perception of being valued by teachers is higher.

Social Well-Being of the Elderly During the Period of Self-Isolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
D.A. Bistiakina ◽  
◽  
T.V. Soloveva ◽  
E.G. Pankova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Social Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Project ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

the article presents the results of the author’s research carried out within the framework of the scientific project “Transforming the social well-being of war veterans in the context of Russian transformations at the regional level”, analyzing the social well-being of older people during the period of the introduction of the forced self-isolation regime due to the danger of the spread of coronavirus infection. The role of state and public social organizations in mitigating the consequences of forced self-isolation of older people is revealed.

The Ideas of Russian Slavophiles and Occidentalists as Reflected in Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s Discourse on Freedom

Tekstualia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (67) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Piotr Koprowski
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Negative Freedom ◽  
Russian People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Western European ◽  
Literary Characters ◽  
Social Organism ◽  
European Civilization

When developing ideological concepts and creating literary characters, Dostoyevsky drew from, among others, the ideas of the then most important trends in the Russian thought: Slavophilic and Occidental, as refl ected, among other examples, in his discourse on freedom. The condemnation of certain aspects of Western European civilization, present in the writer’s work – often articulated by the Slavophiles – expresses his aversion to negative freedom and excessive individualism, which undercut the roots of the social organism. Dostoyevsky’s affi nity with the Slavophiles is also refl ected in his positive attitude towards the Russian people and fascination with the unspoiled Christianity and community which they preserved. The formation of Dostoyevsky’s views was also infl uenced by the Occidentalists. The need to maintain the personality ideal, as the Occidentalists understood it, was extremely important to him. The writer glorifi ed the values that cemented the Orthodox community, without negating the knowledge and experience gained in the course of the 200-year Europeanization of the upper classes of the Russian society. He considered Occidentalism to be a phenomenon “leaning towards” specifi c social realities from which it drew its strength. The writer envisaged a harmonious coexistence of freedom and love, their unity. In his opinion, this unity could not be an expression of excess, egoism, pride, moral and moral promiscuity, exaggerated individualism and rationalism. He equated genuine freedom with commitment to God and to the well-being of the humankind.

The Interplay of Inter- and Intraprofessional Boundary Work in Multidisciplinary Teams

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1649-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariline Comeau-Vallée ◽  
Ann Langley
Keyword(s):  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Boundary Work ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
High Status ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
Dynamic Interplay

The challenges of managing interprofessional boundaries within multidisciplinary teams are well known. However, the role of intraprofessional relations in influencing the dynamics of interprofessional collaboration remain underexplored. Our qualitative study offers a fine-grained analysis of the interplay between inter- and intraprofessional boundary work among three professional groups in a multidisciplinary team over a period of two years. Our contribution to the literature is threefold. First, we identify various forms of “competitive” and “collaborative” boundary work that may occur simultaneously at both inter- and intraprofessional levels. Second, we reveal the dynamic interplay between inter- and intraprofessional boundary negotiations over time. Third, we theorize relationships between the social position of professional groups, and the uses and consequences of competitive and collaborative boundary work tactics at intra- and interprofessional levels. Specifically, we show how intraprofessional conflict within high-status groups may affect interprofessional dynamics, we reveal how intraprofessional and interprofessional boundaries may be mobilized positively to support collaborative relations, and we show how mobilization within lower-status groups around interprofessional boundary grievances can paradoxically lead to further marginalization.

scholarly journals The Role of Humour in the Social Care Professions: An Exploratory Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-796
Author(s):  
Molly Fogarty ◽  
Dely Lazarte Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Care Training ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Six social care professionals were recruited to take part in in-depth interviews that sought to explore their phenomenological experiences of humour within their place of work. Using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach, the results suggest that humour serves various important functions within social care. Humour can allow social care professionals to relieve themselves of negative emotions, to avoid stress and cynicism, to achieve a sense of normality and perspective and to engage with service users. The positive impact humour appears to have upon these professionals is in keeping with the humour–health hypothesis, which posits that humour enhances well-being. However, results from this study also suggest that humour may be capable of negatively impacting well-being. Arguably, these findings highlight the need to extend the humour–health hypothesis and incorporate the negative effects humour can have upon well-being. Results also indicate that, if used appropriately, humour can be utilised to benefit work performance and service user outcomes. The findings of this research hold important implications for how humour may be understood and fostered in social care training, practice and policy.

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