scholarly journals Influence of geoinduced currents on impedance bonds with secondary windings used in railway automation circuits

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
Aleksandr M. KOSTROMINOV ◽  
◽  
Roman O. LOZHKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Magnetic System ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
The Core ◽  
Traction Substation ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
Track Circuit ◽  
Electric Traction ◽  
Secondary Winding

Objective: To consider the possibility of DC magnetization of the core of the impedance bond with secondary winding when using AC electric traction. To determine the possible influence of solar activity, and in particular the geoinduced currents, on the signaling arrangements (SAs). Methods: Analysis of the conditions and causes of magnetization of the core of the impedance bond with a secondary winding, which is the reason for a decrease in its inductance and a change in the track circuit coefficient of transmission. Description of the influence of geoinduced currents on the operation of traction substation power transformers and the using this scenario for modeling the operation of impedance bonds with secondary windings. Results: The conditions and reasons for the incorrect operation of the impedance bonds with secondary windings associated with the magnetization of the core by direct current, when using electric traction with alternating currents, have been stated; the possibility of saturation of the magnetic system of the impedance bond with geoinduced current has been analyzed; the possible consequences of the transition of the impedance bond to the saturation mode have been determined. Practical importance: The study findings broaden the knowledge about the possible influence of solar activity on the railway infrastructure facilities, which in its turn is necessary for the development of methods and means aimed at ensuring the uninterrupted operation of railway transport.

Coordination of technology of railway operation of the Republic of Tajikistan and organization of railways in international traffic

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Pulatov
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Railway Operation ◽  
Required Quality

Current geopolitical and economic conditions for the functioning of railway transport in most post-Soviet states are such that it is extremely difficult to provide required quality of transport services and break-even operations at high expenses for maintaining the railway infrastructure and rolling stock. Dynamics of transportation of the Tajik Railway (TSR) is shown, which displays that most of its sections are classified as low-intensity ones. The paper proposes methodical principles, setting and qualitative analysis of the task of rationalization of operational work and organization of car flows for international transportation, taking into account the specifics of the Tajik Railway. There is a problem of complex maintenance of the efficiency of operational work in modern conditions based on the synthesis of the tasks of self-management (rational internal operational technology of the Tajik Railway) and coordination tasks (technological interaction with railway administrations of other states). Author substantiated the necessity of solving this problem. Proposed classification of technological restrictions and controlled variables in the performance of transport takes into account methods for changing external conditions for the functioning of the railway landfill and methods for increasing internal efficiency of its operation. The search for the solution of the problem involves direct search of variants along its ordered set with clipping of groups of variants that do not correspond to constraints, with the subsequent finding of compromise control over a set of effective alternatives.

scholarly journals Category Theory as Interpretation Law Model in Artificial Intelligence Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Lambrini Seremeti ◽  
◽  
Ioannis Kougias ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Category Theory ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
The Core ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Micro Level

Nowadays, artificial intelligence entities operate autonomously and they actively participate in everyday social activities. At a macro-perspective, they play the role of mediator between people and their actions, as components of the fundamental structure of every social activity. At a micro-perspective, they can be considered as fixed critical points whose hypostasis is not subject to established legal framework. A key point is that embedding artificial intelligence entities in everyday activities may maximize legal uncertainty both at the macro and micro-level, as well as at the interim phase, i.e., the switch between the two levels. In this paper, we adapt a well-known concept from Category Theory, namely that of the pushout, in order to approximate the core interpretation legal framework of such activities, by considering each level as an open system. The purpose of using Systems Theory in combination with Category Theory is to introduce a mathematical approach to uniquely interpret complex legal social activities and to show that this novel area of artificially enhanced activities is of prime and practical importance and significance to law and computer science practitioners.

scholarly journals Improvement of the regenerating energy accounting system on the direct current railways

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy G. Kuznetsov ◽  
Oleg I. Sablin ◽  
Alenka V. Chornaya
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Quantitative Indices ◽  
Energy Accounting ◽  
Traction Power Supply ◽  
Electric Traction ◽  
Regenerative Energy ◽  
Traction Power

Purpose. Monitoring of current state of quantitative indices of regenerative energy in the suburban movement, the analysis of the factors influencing its volumes and improvement the principles of the train regenerative energy accounting on the basis of it. Relevance. Development of effective measures of increase the regeneration efficiency of the electric power in system of electric traction demands comprehensive completeness of information on quantitative indices of regeneration energy volumes at all possible levels of its analysis, in particular on the corresponding sections of RS movement that will allow to establish the influence on the level of regeneration of various factors, such as parameters of traction power supply and the organization of train service. As the existing system of the regenerative energy accounting does not allow to consider the specified factors, development of the principles for increasing the efficiency of the analysis of volumes of return energy to a contact line during regenerative braking on DC rolling stock is the actual direction of researches. Collective monitoring of regeneration energy volumes by specialists of locomotive service, power supply and traffic operating departments will be essentially new approach to definition of real factors and taking effective decisions for increasing of using of regenerative energy. Scientific novelty. It’s offered to consider the influence on quantitative indices of regenerative energy the parameters of traction power supply and the organization (sizes) of traffic service on sections. Practical importance. Increasing the efficiency of the regeneration energy accounting is an important element in drawing up the balance of energy for electric traction system, development of the effective methods for improvement of the conditions of regeneration in it and in estimation of its power indicators in general.

scholarly journals Decision-Making Process in the Case of Insufficient Rail Capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5023
Author(s):  
Anna Dolinayova ◽  
Vladislav Zitricky ◽  
Lenka Cerna
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Detailed Calculation ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
Rail Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact

One of the main priorities of transport policy in the EU is to take measures to support railway transport as an environmentally friendly transport mode. An interesting challenge for a railway transport operation is represented with cost items for its operation. This problem is exacerbated if transport flows are routed through a congested railway infrastructure. If some or all transport takes place on congested rail infrastructure, the carrier’s costs increase, which may ultimately lead to withdrawal from the market. The article deals with the impact of insufficient capacity on the rail carrier’s costs. We used a pre-cost calculation methodology to calculate the rail carrier’s additional costs due to the insufficient railway network capacity based on detailed calculation of train costs and proposed a methodology for carrier decision-making in case of insufficient rail infrastructure capacity. The case study showed that the use of a diversion track in case of insufficient planned rail line capacity may not be advantageous for carriers, even with a longer waiting time for capacity to be released. One of the ways to eliminate the negative effects of congested railway infrastructure is investment in the increase of its capacity.

Permanent Photoinduced Refractive-Index Changes for Bragg Gratings in Silicate Glass Waveguides and Fibers

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Albert
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Silicate Glass ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Fiber Bragg Gratings ◽  
Optical Filters ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Lightwave Technology ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wavelength Multiplexing

In 1978 Kenneth Hill of the Communications Research Centre in Ottawa discovered that intense blue light propagating inside the core of a germanium-doped silicate glass fiber modified the core refractive index sufficiently to form a measurable permanent hologram. Because germanium-doped silica is the material of choice for the core of most optical fiber in use today for optical communications, this “photosensitive” phenomenon has been recognized as having tremendous practical importance. Fiber Bragg gratings in particular form excellent narrow-band optical filters with a multitude of applications: sensors, fiber laser mirrors, wavelength multiplexers (the acronym for wavelength multiplexing and demultiplexing in systems is WDM), and dispersion control devices—to name a few that are already commercially available. The importance of this field can be verified in just about any current issue of journals related to lightwave technology and applications of optics. Fiber Bragg gratings are mentioned everywhere. In fact a recent issue of the Journal of Lightwave Technology is entirely devoted to this topic (and to poling of silica, a field reviewed by W. Margulis in this issue).

scholarly journals Results of modeling the behavior of the subgrade with pressure injection of solidifying solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Aleksey Lanis
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Intensity ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Pressure Injection ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Further Development

Further development of railway transport is possible through increasing the traffic intensity by increasing the weight and number of trains and their speed. The growth of defects and deformations of the subgrade is inevitable, and the issues related to the reinforcement of soils of the subgrade are relevant. Measures that result in reliable operation of railway infrastructure facilities can be implemented during major repairs or new construction, which requires traffic restriction and leads to additional economic costs. Thus, one of the priority issues is the development and implementation of ways to reinforce the subgrade of railways without traffic restriction. Such methods can include pressure injection, as well as various modifications of this method based on combining known methods of reinforcement and injection.

High-frequency displacement current transformer with just one winding

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1141-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahia Achour ◽  
Jacek Starzyński
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Current Transformer ◽  
Magnetic Core ◽  
Displacement Current ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Difference Time ◽  
Secondary Winding

Purpose This paper aims to describe a new concept of transformer based on the displacement current. The paper shows how this idea can be translated into reality and presents an example of a working design. Design/methodology/approach The authors replace the primary winding of the transformer with a capacitor. The displacement current between the capacitor plates induces a magnetic flux in the core. This flux in turn induces electromotive force in the classical secondary winding. Findings The basic mathematical aspects illustrated by results obtained from a simulation developed using a commercial software ANSYS-HFSS are given. The saturation of the magnetic core due to the applied high-frequency range is investigated and simulated using a finite difference time domain code implemented in MATLAB. A prototype transformer was built and tested; the obtained results confirm the previous ones from simulations. Originality/value A new concept of the single winding transformer was used as a pulse forming circuit.

RAILWAY TRANSPORT UNDER POLISH LAW

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (0) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Maciej Ruciński
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
The Law ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The article presents an outline of the law governing railway transport in comparison with the regulations for road transport. The comparison shows that railway entrepreneurs are much more encumbered with legal obligations than road carriers, which in part is due to the specificity of this branch of transport. The essential constraints to the competitiveness of railway transport relate to the cost of access to railway infrastructure and its condition. The article also points out the faulty legislation, disadvantageous to both modes of transport, and attempts to determine the impact of legal solutions for the development of rail transport.

Conceptual approach to problem of economic efficiency substantiation of three-phase alternating current system of electric traction

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Boris Alexeevich Arzhannikov ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Alexeevich Koksharov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Current System ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
System Effect ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Electric Traction ◽  
Traction System

The paper proposes a conceptual approach to economic efficiency substantiation of three-phase alternating current system of electric traction in comparison with one-phase alternating current system of electric traction. It is based on quasi-optimal values of indicators of electric traction system that are necessary for feasibility study and assessment of integral criterion of efficiency, for which, in turn, it is necessary to compare systems by reduced expenditures. Saving of reduced expenditures should also consider out-of-transport effect that is very important for system effect of interaction between railway transport and other enterprises.

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