scholarly journals CoFI - Consenso Sobre Fórmulas Infantis: A Opinião de Peritos Portugueses sobre a Sua Composição e Indicações

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Rêgo ◽  
Luís Pereira-da-Silva ◽  
Ricardo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Delphi Method ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Initial Questionnaire ◽  
Growth Profiles ◽  
Final Response ◽  
Final Response Rate

Introduction: Breastfeeding has unique health benefits. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended during the first six months of life and should be maintained during complementary feeding. Alternatively, infant formulas, which are designed to mimic human breastmilk to promote similar metabolic and growth profiles, can be used. This study aimed to assess the opinion of Portuguese paediatricians with expertise in nutrition on the composition, benefits and indications of commercialised infant formulas.Material and Methods: A survey based on the Delphi method with application of a questionnaire developed by a scientific committee was issued to a panel of paediatricians with expertise in nutrition. An initial questionnaire that included 65 items covering 11 areas was administered in two rounds.Results: Twenty-one experts participated, and the final response rate was 87.5%. The panel was in agreement in 68.3% of the enquired items, namely that infant formulas should be used only when breastfeeding is not possible. Notwithstanding, the opinion of the panel was heterogeneous on a number of issues, particularly those related to the advantages and indications of ‘special’ or modified infant formulas (partially hydrolysed formulas and anti-colic, anti-constipation and anti-regurgitation formulas) and of young child formulas (‘growing-up formulas’).Discussion: A wide consensus was recorded on the nutritional quality, food safety and indications attributed to commercialized infant formulas.Conclusion: The opinion of Portuguese experts was consensual in most of the enquired topics. The absence of consensus was mostly related to issues that remain under debate in the literature and lack robust scientific evidence.

Subspecialization Within Pediatric Practice: A Broader Spectrum

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W. McCrindle ◽  
Barbara Starfield ◽  
Catherine DeAngelis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Fellowship Program ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Ongoing Controversy ◽  
Manpower Supply ◽  
Final Response ◽  
Pediatric Subspecialty ◽  
Final Response Rate

This study was undertaken to describe subspecialty characteristics and practices of the population of pediatricians given the ongoing controversy regarding a projected manpower oversupply of general pediatricians. A questionnaire was mailed to a national random sample of 1620 United States physicians listed in the American Medical Association's Pysician Masterfile as being in office-based pediatric practice. The final response rate was 63%. Seventy percent of respondents designated their practices as "general pediatrics" versus 17% as "general pediatrics with a specific subspecialty interest" and 13% as "subspecialty practice." The general pediatricians with a specific subspecialty interest were intermediate in the proportion that had some training in a pediatric fellowship program (general pediatricians with a specific subspecialty interest, 63% versus general pediatricians, 14%, P < .0001, and pediatricians with a subspecialty practice, 92%, P < .0001) and that were certified in a pediatric subspecialty by the American Board of Pediatrics (general pediatricians with a specific subspecialty interest 16% versus general pediatricians, 2%, P < .0001, and pediatricians with subspecialty practice, 62%, P < .0001). They were also intermediate in the proportion involved in various academic pursuits. Their practices, however, more closely resembled general pediatricians than pediatricians with a subspeciality practice in their location, setting, associates, and commitment to primary care. They were more likely than general pediatricians to utilize or provide specialized tests or procedures. A large percentage of pediatricians incorporate subspecilaty elements into their general pediatric practices. Models of current and projected pediatric manpower supply need to be reassessed in light of this form of practice.

scholarly journals Causality and multidimensionality of internal controls: Impact on organizations

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-5) ◽  
pp. 502-515
Author(s):  
Joshua Onome Imoniana ◽  
Verônica Moreira Costa ◽  
Mariana Araujo ◽  
Luiza Helena Pereira Alberto ◽  
Patrícia P. Alves
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Chief Financial Officer ◽  
Final Response ◽  
Final Response Rate

This study analyzes the managers’ (Chief Financial Officer (CFO)) perception of impact of implementation of internal controls. It investigates the causes of adoption in the multidimensionality of internal control of the Brazilian companies traded in the New York Stock market. A survey sent to the CFOs of the 70 companies listed in the NYSE collected empirical data from these companies. The final response rate was 15.16 %. The study uses partial least squares modeling for statistical analysis to test the research question. Our empirical evidence supports the hypotheses that “the greater the level of multidimensionality of controls in an organization the lower the level of causal effects and damage to the control environment. Based on work performed, one is able to infer that overall, there is a significant relationship between causal effects on operating activities, financial reporting and compliance in relation to the multidimensionality of internal controls, thus, when there are uncommon features, depending on the level of multidimensionality special attention should be paid to the causes of adoption of controls to track risks posed to business.

scholarly journals Assistance For Dentists In Lithuania

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Vilija Berlin ◽  
Alina Pūrienė ◽  
Greta Dulkė
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Dental Assistant ◽  
Final Response ◽  
Dental Assistants ◽  
Final Response Rate

The study objectives were to investigate the preference of Lithuanian dentists to work with or without an assistant and to identify the most significant predictors for the preference. As well, we aimed to explore the education of practicing dental assistants in Lithuania. The information was collected by a postal questionnaire survey which was carried out among all practicing general dental practitioners and dental specialists in Lithuania (n=2971). The final response rate was 67.6% corresponding to 2,008 respondents. The results show that most dentists in Lithuania always or sometimes work without an assistant. Each third dentist of those who work with an assistant employ non-certified dental assistant. This may be done on purpose due to financial reasons. Dentists should be educated how efficient, ergonomic practice with a qualified dental assistant can be; inclusion of contemporary four-handed practice subject in applicants resume could improve employment of certified dental assistants in the long term.

How knowledge affects resource acquisition

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhong Zhao ◽  
Lingling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Market Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Final Response ◽  
The Right ◽  
Final Response Rate

Purpose – This study aims to examine how the interactions between the entrepreneur’s technical and market knowledge and the intra- and extra-industry ties affect resources acquisition. Design/methodology/approach – The authors made a questionnaire from a sample of 300 high-technology companies located in the incubator in Xi’an, of which 165 were usable, and the final response rate was 55 per cent, the authors used optimal scaling regression analyses to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. Findings – There is a positive relationship between the entrepreneurs’ knowledge and the resources acquisition. The effects of the technical knowledge and the market knowledge are contingent on the intra-industry ties and the extra-industry ties in different ways. In particular, an entrepreneur with technical knowledge has an easier access to required resources from the intra-industry ties than extra-industry ties. In contrast, an entrepreneur with market knowledge can obtain more easily the needed resources from the extra-industry ties than the intra-industry ties. Originality/value – The paper conducted an empirical test of how the interactions between the entrepreneurs’ knowledge and industry ties affect the resources acquisition in the context of China’s emerging economy, which has not been studied in the current literature. This paper provides implications for entrepreneurs with technical and market knowledge in finding the right way to obtain needed resources through their industry ties.

scholarly journals Foretrekker studentene trykte eller elektroniske ressurser?

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitte Kleivset
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Final Response ◽  
The University ◽  
Final Response Rate ◽  
Active Interaction ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Academic Study

A project at the University of Agder has studied the use of e-readers as a tool for academic study. E-readers (Kindle DX and iPad) were loaded with texts from required reading lists in five courses with 94 participating students. Initially 87 students responded to the invitation to participate in a survey, but eventually 13 of these submissions had to be removed, as the degree of completion was not sufficient. The final response rate achieved was 79%. Students were in general positive to the use of e-readers but still show a preference for print on paper as the best medium for serious academic study. When reading books 54% preferred print, 28% a combination of print and e-reader and lastly only 11% were satisfied solely using an e-reader. The iPad scored significantly better than the Kindle DX on tasks that required active interaction with the texts such as highlighting and note-taking.Pre-print in AURA. 

scholarly journals Associations between parental health, early life factors and asthma, rhinitis and eczema among pre-school children in Chongqing, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Baizhan Li ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Jan Sundell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Parental Health ◽  
Skin Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Life Factors

Purpose: To study associations between parental health and children’s asthma, rhinitis and eczema.Methods: Parents of 3-6 years old children from randomized kindergartens in Chongqing, China answered a questionnaire on parents’ history of asthma/allergies, current symptoms and children’ doctor-diagnosed asthma and rhinitis, wheeze, cough, rhinitis and eczema. Associations were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Among 4250 children (response rate: 74.5%), 8.4% had doctor-diagnosed asthma (DD asthma); 6.2% doctor-diagnosed allergic rhinitis (DD rhinitis); 20.4% current wheeze; 19.4% cough; 37.9% rhinitis and 13.6% eczema. Among reporting parents (females 70.4%, males 20.6% ), 16.2% were smokers; 47.4% had any current rhinitis; 54.2% cough; 47.8% skin symptoms; 70.5% fatigue and 48.7% headache.Parental asthma or allergy was associated with children’s DD asthma (OR=3.64) and DD rhinitis (OR=4.23). The associations were stronger for paternal asthma or allergy. Children of mothers who were salespersons during pregnancy had more rhinitis (OR=1.49), and children of white-collar worker mothers had more DD (OR=1.49) and DD rhinitis (OR=1.92). Rural children had less DD rhinitis and current rhinitis. Parental current symptoms were associated with wheeze, cough, rhinitis and eczema among the children with OR ranging from 1.37 to 2.28 (all p<0.001).Conclusions: Parental asthma or allergy can be a risk factor for children’s asthma or allergy, especially paternal asthma or allergy. Growing up in rural areas can be beneficial for rhinitis. Mothers’ occupations during pregnancy may influence asthma and rhinitis in offspring. In studies on children’s asthma or allergies, based on parental reporting, parents’ current symptoms may influence the results.

Podiatric medical students' views toward geriatrics and elderly patients. A preliminary study

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 338-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
NR Chumbler ◽  
JM Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Survey Response ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Survey Response Rate ◽  
Preliminary Study

This study examines podiatric medical students' perceptions toward podiatric medicine, their impressions of their geriatric training, and their attitudes toward treating elderly patients. A questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of 240 podiatric medical students at the Ohio College of Podiatric Medicine. The survey response rate was 57.1%. In general, the podiatric medical students were satisfied with their geriatric training; however, they believed that more geriatric training is needed. Podiatric medical students who entered podiatric medicine for intrinsic reasons, who visited their grandparents frequently, and who had close relationships with them while growing up, had favorable impressions toward geriatric patients. Furthermore, those who have had good geriatric instruction are more likely to have favorable impressions of geriatric patients.

scholarly journals Consensus based framework for digital mobility monitoring

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256541
Author(s):  
Felix Kluge ◽  
Silvia Del Din ◽  
Andrea Cereatti ◽  
Heiko Gaßner ◽  
Clint Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Gait Assessment ◽  
Mobility Assessment ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Walking Performance

Digital mobility assessment using wearable sensor systems has the potential to capture walking performance in a patient’s natural environment. It enables monitoring of health status and disease progression and evaluation of interventions in real-world situations. In contrast to laboratory settings, real-world walking occurs in non-conventional environments and under unconstrained and uncontrolled conditions. Despite the general understanding, there is a lack of agreed definitions about what constitutes real-world walking, impeding the comparison and interpretation of the acquired data across systems and studies. The goal of this study was to obtain expert-based consensus on specific aspects of real-world walking and to provide respective definitions in a common terminological framework. An adapted Delphi method was used to obtain agreed definitions related to real-world walking. In an online survey, 162 participants from a panel of academic, clinical and industrial experts with experience in the field of gait analysis were asked for agreement on previously specified definitions. Descriptive statistics was used to evaluate whether consent (> 75% agreement as defined a priori) was reached. Of 162 experts invited to participate, 51 completed all rounds (31.5% response rate). We obtained consensus on all definitions (“Walking” > 90%, “Purposeful” > 75%, “Real-world” > 90%, “Walking bout” > 80%, “Walking speed” > 75%, “Turning” > 90% agreement) after two rounds. The identification of a consented set of real-world walking definitions has important implications for the development of assessment and analysis protocols, as well as for the reporting and comparison of digital mobility outcomes across studies and systems. The definitions will serve as a common framework for implementing digital and mobile technologies for gait assessment and are an important link for the transition from supervised to unsupervised gait assessment.

Database of Families with Twins and Higher Order Multiples in Japanese Twins Mothers Clubs

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-590
Author(s):  
Syuichi Ooki
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Mother And Child Health ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Genetic Epidemiologic Study

AbstractIt is desirable for twin researchers to be aware of the needs and concerns of families of multiples and provide participants with appropriate and useful feedback and advice based on scientific evidence. Our most recent database on families with twins throughout Japan is based on a questionnaire survey conducted in 2016. Mailed questionnaires, consisting of over 500 items, were used to collect the basic data. The response rate was 38% (566/1478). This is part of a nationwide study designed to assess the long-term effect of perinatal conditions on mothers of multiples. Its aim was to study the growth and development of multiples in childhood, and for the creation of a multifetal mother and child health handbook, and to conduct a genetic epidemiologic study to test the developmental origin of health and disease hypothesis. One of the ultimate aims of this research was to provide evidence-based information on parenting of multiples for families with multiples.

scholarly journals Are the recommendations of pediatricians about complementary feeding aligned with current guidelines in Uruguay?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Leticia Vidal ◽  
Isabel Bove ◽  
Gerónimo Brunet ◽  
Alejandra Girona ◽  
Florencia Alcaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Food Diversity ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Parents And Caregivers

Abstract Objective: To explore Uruguayan pediatricians’ personal recommendations about complementary feeding and to assess if they are aligned with current guidelines and scientific evidence. Design: A questionnaire composed of open-ended questions was used to explore foods recommended to start complementary feeding, foods regarded as the most important during the first meals, recommendations for delayed introduction of foods, and foods that should be avoided. Reasons underlying the recommendations were also explored. Setting: Montevideo, the capital city of Uruguay (Latin America). Participants: A total of 212 pediatricians were recruited during a National Pediatrics Conference, organized by the Uruguayan Society of Pediatrics. Results: The recommendations about complementary feeding provided by pediatricians to parents and caregivers in Uruguay seemed not to be fully aligned with the guidelines provided by the Ministry of Health. Pediatricians recommend a rigid food introduction sequence, characterized by the early introduction of soft pureed vegetables and fruits, followed by meat and the delayed introduction of allergenic foods. Food diversity and the concept of ultra-processed were not frequently identified in the responses. Conclusions: Results stress the importance of developing educational and communication approaches targeted at pediatricians to contribute to the uptake of updated recommendations regarding complementary feeding.

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