scholarly journals „Für Politik relevant“ bedeutet mehr als nur „Forschung mit Anwendungsbezug“ – Kommentar zu Guy Bodenmann

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Rainer K. Silbereisen
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Parental Sensitivity ◽  
Intervention Cost ◽  
Antecedent Condition ◽  
Effect Relation ◽  
Children’S Behaviour ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Cost Effect ◽  
Adequate Design

In this commentary on Bodenmann’s paper, I try to exemplify that in order to be relevant to the formulation of social policies, researchers need to offer more than correlative evidence on potential family antecedents of children’s behaviour that are deemed problematic for the development of competence. Rather, a clear cause-effect relation has to be established via adequate design. Moreover, policy makers need information on the malleability of the antecedent condition, such as parental sensitivity mentioned by Bodenmann, knowledge about potential thresholds for effective intervention, cost-effect estimates, and insights into potential side effects and alternative solutions to the targets and measures originally suggested. Zusammenfassung Der Kommentar zu Bodenmanns Beitrag versucht an Beispielen zu zeigen, dass es mehr als korrelativer Evidenz zum Zusammenhang von familiären Risikobedingungen und problematischen kindlichen Verhaltensweisen bedarf, wenn man als Forscher politische Entscheidungen zur Planung von Interventionen beeinflussen will. Zuvorderst muss eine klare Ursache-Wirkungs-Beziehung mit geeigneten Designs belegt werden. Weiterhin sind Informationen über die Veränderbarkeit der Risikobedingung, etwa die von Bodenmann angeführte elterliche Sensitivität erforderlich, man benötigt Kenntnisse zu möglichen Schwelleneffekten mit Blick auf das Problemverhalten, Abschätzungen der Kostenwürdigkeit, sowie Einsichten in mögliche Nebeneffekte der Intervention und alternativer Ziele und Maßnahmen.

The ‘Modernisation’ of Scotland and its Impact on Glasgow, 1955–1979: ‘Unwanted Side Effects’ and Vulnerabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chik Collins ◽  
Ian Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

This article reports findings of research into the far-reaching plan to ‘modernise’ the Scottish economy, which emerged from the mid-late 1950s and was formally adopted by government in the early 1960s. It shows the growing awareness amongst policy-makers from the mid-1960s as to the profoundly deleterious effects the implementation of the plan was having on Glasgow. By 1971 these effects were understood to be substantial with likely severe consequences for the future. Nonetheless, there was no proportionate adjustment to the regional policy which was creating these understood ‘unwanted’ outcomes, even when such was proposed by the Secretary of State for Scotland. After presenting these findings, the paper offers some consideration as to their relevance to the task of accounting for Glasgow's ‘excess mortality’. It is suggested that regional policy can be seen to have contributed to the accumulation of ‘vulnerabilities’, particularly in Glasgow but also more widely in Scotland, during the 1960s and 1970s, and that the impact of the post-1979 UK government policy agenda on these vulnerabilities is likely to have been salient in the increase in ‘excess mortality’ evident in subsequent years.

Snapshot of the pharmaceutical promotional literature of Bangladesh: A critical review

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatema Johora ◽  
Md. Sayedur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Reference Book ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Product Monograph ◽  
Pharmaceutical Promotion ◽  
Online Sources

<p>The present research was conducted to evaluate the quality of pharmaceutical promotional literature. Indications was mentioned in 88.2% promotional literature and less than half (40.0, 33.9 and 38.9%) of these contains side effects, precautions and contraindications respectively. Among the provided information 67.3%, 16.5%, 19.5% and 24.0% matched with the BDNF/BNF respectively. Scientific articles (73.3%) were cited most followed by commercial online sources (15.5%), data on file (4.2%), regulatory body approval data (2.9%), product monograph (2.7%) and textbook/reference book (1.6%). Only half (50.2%) of these cited references were retrievable and no ‘data on file’ could be retrieved. Though most (73.2%) of the promotional claims were true, 13.7, 5.9, 4.6 and 2.6% were identified as false, exaggerated, ambiguous and controversial respectively. This revelation about the quality of promotional literature might an eye opener for the policy makers. More importantly, this may bring alertness among the physicians during interpretation of pharmaceutical promotion literature.</p>

Children and energy-dense foods – parents, peers, acceptability or advertising?

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 1669-1694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila Tarabashkina ◽  
Pascale G. Quester ◽  
Roberta Crouch
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Children’S Behaviour ◽  
First Time

Purpose Studies to date have focused on one or very few factors, rather than exploring a host of influences associated with children’s consumption of energy-dense foods. This is surprising as multiple agents are relevant to children’s food consumer socialisation (parents, peers, social norms and food advertising). This study aims to address these gaps and offers the first comprehensive empirical assessment of a wide cluster of variables. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was undertaken with children aged 7-13 years and their parents/main carers, collecting family metrics from parents and data directly from children. Structural Equation Modelling was used to estimate a series of interdependence relationships in four steps, revealing the increased explained variance in children’s consumption of energy-dense foods. Findings The inclusion of multiple potential factors increased the percentage of explained variance in children’s consumption of energy-dense foods. The models explicate which factors relate to frequent consumption in children, and clarify various indirect influences on children through parents. Originality/value For the first time, a wider range of variables was integrated to maximise the percentage of explained variance in children’s behaviour, providing policy makers and social marketers with novel insights regarding areas that need to be prioritised for consumer education. Both direct and indirect relationships were assessed. Data were collected from parents and their children to provide an original methodological contribution and richer data for investigation.

Evaluating the quality of asynchronously versus synchronously delivered virtual care: Differences in rates of reported medication side effects by patients on a direct-to-consumer telehealth platform (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Broffman ◽  
Melynda Barnes ◽  
Kevin Stern ◽  
Amy Westergren
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Direct To Consumer ◽  
Virtual Care ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Medication Side ◽  
Health Care Encounters ◽  
Established Relationship ◽  
End To End

BACKGROUND End-to-end asynchronous health care encounters are becoming an increasingly mainstream form of telehealth. Unlike synchronous telehealth, policy makers and other key health care stakeholders have been hesitant to fully embrace the fully asynchronous modality, especially in the context of direct-to-consumer (DTC) platforms where encounters are patient-initiated and there is no pre-established relationship with their provider. This hesitation is compounded by limited research comparing outcomes between asynchronous and synchronous care, especially in the DTC context. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to explore whether entirely asynchronous care leads to different patient outcomes in the form of medication-related adverse events when compared to synchronous virtual care METHODS Using 10,000 randomly sampled patient records from a prominent, U.S. based DTC platform, we analyzed rates of patient-reported side effects from commonly prescribed medications and compared these rates across modalities of treatment RESULTS Fully end-to-end asynchronous care resulted in lower but nonsignificant rates of reported drug-related side effects compared to synchronous treatment. CONCLUSIONS In some circumstances, fully asynchronous care may not create unsafe prescribing conditions when compared to synchronous care. More research is needed to evaluate the safety of asynchronous care across a wider set of circumstances and measures.

Recognizing the Role of Chaplaincy in Healthcare: Perspectives on the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 154230502110649
Author(s):  
Olamma C. Otisi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Care Delivery ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Policy Makers

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a difficult and trying time, but as most situations in life, it brought both good and bad side effects. Concerning chaplaincy, COVID-19 reveals that we have not arrived yet in the effort to incorporate spiritual care into essential health care delivery. Although chaplaincy is beginning to have a voice, we have been mostly speaking to ourselves. We need an advocacy voice that healthcare systems and policy makers can hear.

Performance Funding for Higher Education

2014 ◽  
Vol 655 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Dougherty ◽  
Sosanya M. Jones ◽  
Hana Lahr ◽  
Rebecca S. Natow ◽  
Lara Pheatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Student Outcomes ◽  
Operating Performance ◽  
Performance Funding ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Funding Programs ◽  
Education Performance

Since the 1970s, federal and state policy-makers have become increasingly concerned with improving higher education performance. In this quest, state performance funding for higher education has become widely used. As of June 2014, twenty-six states were operating performance funding programs and four more have programs awaiting implementation. This article reviews the forms, extent, origins, implementation, impacts (intended and unintended), and policy prospects of performance funding. Performance funding has become quite widespread with formidable political support, yet it has also experienced considerable implementation vicissitudes, with many programs being discontinued and even those that have survived encountering substantial obstacles and unintended impacts. Although evidence suggests that performance funding does stimulate colleges and universities to substantially change their policies and practices, it is yet unclear whether performance funding improves student outcomes. The article concludes by advancing policy recommendations for addressing the implementation obstacles and unintended side effects associated with performance funding.

scholarly journals KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI: RUANG LINGKUP DAN KOMPLEKSITAS MASALAH

Populasi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhadjir Darwin
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Unsafe Abortion ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Reproductive Processes

Reproductive health covers a number of elements that relates to sexual activities and reproductive processes. The clinical aspects of the reproductive health are indeed important. Yet, its social aspects are not less significant due to its complexity and difficulty for making a solution. Many social problems associated with reproductive health, such as unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion, STD/AIDS, side-effects of contraceptive uses, etc., have grown to be more crucial and call for serious attention from social scientists as well as policy makers. This paper specifically addresses this issue by elaborating the scope and complexity of reproductive health matters in an Indonesian context.

scholarly journals Stavudine dosage reduction: Effect on symptomatic hyperlactataemia and lactic acidosis in patients at Dr George Mukhari Hospital, Pretoria

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
M Nlooto ◽  
E Osuch ◽  
W Du Plooy
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Obese Female ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Alternative Solutions

A range of studies have demonstrated that symptomatic hyperlactataemia and lactic acidosis are associated with antiretroviral combinations containing stavudine. Following a meta-analysis showing that lower doses of stavudine are safer and as effective, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a statement that only a low dose of stavudine (30 mg) should be used. We performed a retrospective review of the records of 86 patients (aged 27 - 59 years) initiated on 30 mg or 40 mg stavudine-containing antiretroviral therapy regimens between 2004 and 2006 at the adult HIV clinic at Dr George Mukhari Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa. Our analysis demonstrated that stavudine dose reduction increased the odds of patients being more stable on treatment with fewer reported side-effects. Stavudine-containing regimens should be avoided in obese female patients. Low-dose stavudine (20 mg) may offer alternative solutions in poor or resource-limited settings, with a lower associated risk of toxicity and side-effects; however, virological non-inferiority to the first-line treatment option should be established.

LITARARY REVIEW OF KARNINI YONIVYAPAD

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4871-4875
Author(s):  
Manju Chouksey ◽  
Suresh Kumar Solanki ◽  
Hetal H. Dave
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Gynecological Disorders ◽  
Intervention Cost ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cardinal Symptom

In classical Ayurveda texts almost all the gynecological disorders come under the term 'Yonivyapad’. Kar-nini Yonivyapad is one among these twenty Yonivyapadas. Although the cardinal symptom of the disease is excessive vaginal discharge, but often the long-term sequel of the disease like lower dyspareunia, ab-dominal pain, low backache, sickness feeling, fatigue etc. become too much troublesome to the patients and start affecting their daily routine. All Though it is not fatal, yet the long-term association with the dis-ease and a number of symptoms both related to the genitourinary system as well as psychological imbal-ance in the patients need attention. The treatment modalities described in modern science have their own disadvantages and side effects. Moreover, they are not cost effective and being carried at higher medical centers only. Owing to the com-plexities in the modern management, it is the basic need of time to develop a dependable and easily availa-ble therapeutic intervention cost effective, safe and devoid of complications or side effects. With this background this research project entitled.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Impact of Iron Deficiency Anemia during Pregnancy on Hospital Admission and Utilization of Hospital Resources in Latifa Women and Children Hospital, Dubai, UAE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nighat Aftab ◽  
Saima Faraz ◽  
Komal Hazari ◽  
Asma Fahad ◽  
Nadia AlSawalhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Oral Group ◽  
Iv Iron ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Effect

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is endemic among pregnant females worldwide. Liposomal iron preparation is a novel therapy for treating IDA in pregnant females. There is a lack of research on cost-effect and comparison between various new iron preparations as liposomal and intravenous (IV) iron supplements in the international literature. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effect and maternal-fetal outcome of IDA during pregnancy in Latifa Women and Children Hospital, Dubai, UAE. <b><i>Design:</i></b> The study was a quasi-experimental study. <b><i>Settings:</i></b> Settings include tertiary-care hospital settings affiliated with academic center in UAE. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> A total of 226 pregnant women were inducted in the study who were controlled in terms of age, BMI, baseline hemoglobin (Hb), severity of anemia, and ferritin levels. There were 116 patients who received oral liposomal iron pyrophosphate and 110 patients received IV iron saccharate complex for 4 weeks. The overall cost-effect and maternal-fetal outcomes were compared in 2 groups. <b><i>Main Outcomes Measured:</i></b> The main outcomes measured the cost-effect of liposomal and IV iron therapy, and the 2 treatments were compared in terms of maternal and fetal outcomes. <b><i>Result:</i></b> The subjects were matched for age and body mass index and showed that the patients in the IV group were more symptomatic than those in the oral group (18.1 vs. 31.9% <i>p</i> value &#x3c;0.01). There was no statistically significant difference among women from different nationalities living in UAE (<i>p</i> value 0.079). There were 98 (84.4%) patients in the oral group and 99 (90%) patients in the IV group who achieved the desired Hb levels after 1 month of treatment (<i>p</i> value = 0.878). Moreover, the side effects were also comparable in both groups (1.72 vs. 1.82% <i>p</i> value = 0.56). The incremental cost-effect ratio for IV iron was USD 108,633/rise to desired Hb. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Liposomal iron preparations may be cost-effective and have fewer side effects than IV iron. In terms of outcome, the maternal and fetal variables are comparable in liposomal and IV groups.

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