scholarly journals Sugar Intake and Cancer: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
Nikmah Utami Dewi ◽  
Rian Diana
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Cellular Environment ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Google Search

 ABSTRACTBackground: Cancer is the second leading cause of death after heart disease globally (total death 9.6 million). Cancer prevalence is increasing in Indonesia from 1.4 per 1000 people in 2013 to 1.79 per 1000 people in 2018. Diet is linked with cancer prognosis, particularly carbohydrate intake which stimulates insulin signals that can be potent mitogens.Purpose: This literature review aims to examine sugar intake and cancer incidence.Method: This literature review (traditional review) using the keywords “cancer”,” sugar”, “carbohydrate”, “insulin” and “hyperinsulinemia” in the Sciencedirect database and Google search engine. The inclusion criteria were peer-review articles or documents from credible national and international institutions, the literature uses English or Bahasa (Indonesian Language). The exclusion criteria were that the literature had similar content or redundant with other literature.Result: Sugar increases insulin resistance which enhances the levels of bioactive IGF-I that contribute to raising the risk of cancer. Prolonged hyperinsulinemia reduces the production of growth-promoting factors such as IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 which normally bind to and inhibit the action of IGF-I with resultant increases in the levels of free, bio-active IGF-I, and concomitant changes in the cellular environment that favor cancer development, proliferation, and metastatic cancer cells.Conclusion: The mechanism of insulin and IGF-1 stimulate and accelerate cancer cell proliferation may explain the relationship between sugar intake and cancer incidence. Adopting a balanced diet, changing or decreasing sugar intake with healthier food coupled with increased physical activity  reduces the risk of cancer. 

scholarly journals A Narrative Review of the Risk Factors for Cancer and the Preventive Opportunities: Current Status, Future Perspectives, and Implications for India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod K. Ramani ◽  
Ganesha D. V. ◽  
Radheshyam Naik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Google Search ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Clinical cancer can arise from heterogenous pathways through various genetic mutations. Although we cannot predict the timeline by which an individual will develop cancer, certain risk assessment tools can be used among high-risk groups for focusing the preventive activities. As primary level of cancer prevention, healthy lifestyle approach is being promoted. The etiological factors for lung cancer include by-products of industrialization and air pollution. We need to factor the increase in household air pollution as well. Methods “PubMed” database and Google search engines were used for searching the relevant articles. Search terms with Boolean operators used include “Cancer prevention,” “Missed opportunities in cancer causation,” and “incidence of risk factors.” This review includes 20 studies and other relevant literature that address the opportunities for cancer prevention. Body The narrative describes the association between many of the risk factors and development of cancer. This includes tobacco, alcohol, infections, air pollution, physical inactivity, diet, obesity, screening and preventive strategies, chemoprevention, biomarkers of carcinogenesis, and factors that prolong the diagnosis of cancer. Discussion Reports from basic science research provide evidence on the potential of biologically active food components and pharmacological agents for mitigating the risk of cancer and its progression. However, some reports from observational studies and randomized trials have been inconsistent. We need to recognize the impact of sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, culture, and comorbid illness on preventive interventions. Spiral computed tomographic scan is a robust tool for early detection of lung cancer. Conclusion Infectious etiology for specific cancers provides opportunities for prevention and treatment. The complex interplay between man and microbial flora needs to be dissected, for understanding the pathogenesis of relevant malignancies. For reducing the morbidity of cancer, we need to focus on prevention as a priority strategy and intervene early during the carcinogenic process.

scholarly journals Microfluidic Chip-Based Cancer Diagnosis and Prediction of Relapse by Detecting Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Cancer Stem Cells

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Yeol Cho ◽  
Jin-Ha Choi ◽  
Joungpyo Lim ◽  
Sang-Nam Lee ◽  
Jeong-Woo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Optical Biosensors ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Noise Factors ◽  
Prediction Of Relapse

Detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been considered one of the best biomarkers in liquid biopsy for early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring in cancer. A major challenge of using CTCs is detecting extremely low-concentrated targets in the presence of high noise factors such as serum and hematopoietic cells. This review provides a selective overview of the recent progress in the design of microfluidic devices with optical sensing tools and their application in the detection and analysis of CTCs and their small malignant subset, circulating cancer stem cells (CCSCs). Moreover, discussion of novel strategies to analyze the differentiation of circulating cancer stem cells will contribute to an understanding of metastatic cancer, which can help clinicians to make a better assessment. We believe that the topic discussed in this review can provide brief guideline for the development of microfluidic-based optical biosensors in cancer prognosis monitoring and clinical applications.

scholarly journals Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Originating from Transverse Colon Mucinous Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yingbo Gong ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Zhi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ◽  
Transverse Colon ◽  
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Cancer Multiple

Background. Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare neoplasm involving the peritoneum. Most PMPs are low-grade appendicular mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs). There have been no reports of PMP originating from a transverse colonic mucinous adenocarcinoma and causing metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma. Case Presentation. We report a 46-year-old woman who presented with a right abdominal mass of more than 4-month duration. Transverse colonic mucinous adenocarcinoma, PMP, and ovarian metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma were diagnosed. The patient’s diet was normal, and she had no abdominal pain or bloating. The abdomen mass increased in the month before treatment. After chemotherapy, the transverse colon mass and ovarian giant cyst were resected and about 2000 mL of gelatinous tumor tissue was removed. Postoperative histology confirmed PMP from the transverse colonic mucinous adenocarcinoma, ovarian metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma, and mesocolon metastatic cancer. Multiple lung metastases appeared 8 months after surgery. The patient died 29 months after surgery because of an inability to eat and poor nutrition. A systematic literature review of the management and outcome of all known similar cases is also presented. Conclusions. This is the first report of PMP originating from a transverse colonic mucinous adenocarcinoma. It was diagnosed during resective surgery, involved ovarian metastasis, and survival was short. We did an extensive literature review in order to describe the clinical characteristics, histopathological findings, genetic profile, and potential treatments of PMP caused by nonappendiceal mucinous adenocarcinoma.

scholarly journals Pseudocirrhosis: A Case Series and Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abimbola Adike ◽  
Nina Karlin ◽  
Christine Menias ◽  
Elizabeth J. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Important Complication

Pseudocirrhosis describes morphological changes of the liver that closely mimic cirrhosis, without the typical histopathological changes seen in cirrhosis. It most commonly occurs in patients with metastatic breast cancer, although it has been reported in other malignancies as well. Like in cirrhosis, portal hypertension is often seen in patients with pseudocirrhosis. Pseudocirrhosis is a rare but important complication of metastatic cancer. In this case series and literature review, we describe 6 patients with hormone-receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer. We report the significant morbidity associated with pseudocirrhosis in the course of treatment in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals A NUTRITION VIEW OF COVID 19 IN THE PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 396-409
Author(s):  
Ana Lúcia Alves Caram ◽  
Gracinalda De Oliveira Silveira ◽  
Edna Cristina Mariano de Lima ◽  
Anna Christina Aires Braga Carneiro ◽  
Josiane Ferreira De Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Infectious State

COVID-19 is a disease caused by a coronavirus, called SARS-CoV-2. This virus has become a major public health concern worldwide, causing a collective outbreak, leading to the pandemic in 2020. People become infected with other common coronaviruses throughout their lives, but currently the concern is the COVID-19 type due to its severity in some cases. The immune system protects the body against external aggressions and preserves the body's homeostasis, and nutrients are involved in the development and preservation of this system. Considering the degree of complications that can occur in an individual with COVID-19, regardless of their age group, and in some cases even lethal, there was an interest in researching studies about this disease, and which nutrients are mentioned in the literature regarding immunity in this disease. The aims of this research were to describe concepts about the disease COVID-19 and to identify nutrients involved in the immunity and treatment of this disease, through a literature review in the period from December 2019 to October 2020. There is no doubt that it is essential to maintain an adequate nutritional status, through a balanced diet that can contribute to a better coping with the infectious state. Supplementation of vitamins, minerals, probiotics and prebiotics can provide the immune system, several of them were cited as an adjunct to the treatment of COVID-19, including their doses, but there was a lack of agreement regarding the dose of nutrients. Obviously maintaining social distance, wearing masks and proper hygiene are essential to reduce the risk of contamination, while not having access to vaccination.

Editorial

Swiss Surgery ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 197-197
Author(s):  
Harder ◽  
Zuber
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Axillary Clearance ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Selection Of

The present issue of Swiss Surgery is divided in two distinct parts, the first dealing with selective topics (part I) presented by invited speakers at the occasion of the 5th Postgraduate Course in Surgical Oncology held every two years (Basel, 16-17 April 1999). The first 5 papers describe the sequence from screening to selective axillary clearance and staging, and finally to the selection of adequate systemic therapy. The invitation to participate at screening programs results in a 29% reduction in breast cancer mortality overall. Addressing the 40-49 year age group, a significant earlier mortality reduction is expected by shortening screening intervals to 12-18 months. The explanation being that the differentiation is more rapidly progressing in this younger age group than in the older one. Without any doubt sound population based screening programs do have a prolonged effect on breast cancer prognosis (L. Tabar et al.). Earlier detection of breast cancer also means fewer involved axillary lymph nodes. The practice of systematically clearing an axilla where in 70% uninvolved nodes are removed must be seriously questioned. Palpation and imaging are inadequate in answering the question of involvement. Available tumor markers are still not predictive enough to allow selective clearance on their basis. Systematic axilloscopic clearance was an important step aiming at reducing the short- and long-term side effects of axillary clearance and at allowing correct staging. To proceed to axillary clearance based on the eventual detectability of metastatic cancer cells in the sentinel lymph node (SLN) [1] takes us an important step further. Only patients with proven affected nodes (positive SLN), however, should be offered a sound open surgical clearance of the axilla. Both SLN and surgical clearance should be performed by experts in the field unless unsatisfactory results both oncological and functional will be encountered. These selective approaches for smaller tumors with diameters up to about 2 1/2 to 3cm together with biological markers analysed in the tumor tissue itself form the basis of multiple variants of systemic therapy for those patients who may have the greatest benefit of it. Another selection of papers presented at the Course will be published in Swiss Surgery early in the year 2000 (part II). The Course itself has met with increased interest since 1990. The organisers feel that it is time to put the Course on a broader base without changing its general concept.

PENGETAHUAN KEPEMIMPINAN DALAM MOTIVASI PERAWAT DALAM HAL PENUGASAN DAN PELATIHAN DI RUMAH SAKIT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
TINA RAHAYU SILITONGA
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Google Search

Motivasi merupakan sesuatu di dalam diri manusia yang memberi energi, aktifitas, dan gerakan yang mengarahkan perilaku untuk mencapai tujuan. Motivasi tidak selamanya didapatkan dari seorang pemimpin, tetapi seorang perawat mampu menjadi pemimpin dalam dirinya sendiri maupun dalam hal merawat pasien. Tujuan adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan kepemimpinan dengan motivasi perawat dalam hal pelatihan dan penugasan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Literature review dengan mengumpulkan jurnal dengan cara melakukan penelusuran jurnal yang telah terpublikasi pada google search yakni google scholar dengan menggunakan kata kunci “transformational leadership dan motivasi perawat”. Berdasarkan hasil temuan di lapangan menemukan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan masih banyak yang tidak berfokus pada motivasi dalam kinerja perawat yang berdampak pada pelayanan kesehatan. Data yang menunjang berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Direktorat Keperawatan Depkes RI mendapatkan hasil bahwa 70% perawat selama 3 tahun terakhir tidak pernah mengikuti pelatihan, 39,8% masih melakukan tugas-tugas kebersihan, 47,4% perawat dan bidan tidak memiliki uraian tugas dan belum dikembangkan monitoring dan evaluasi kinerja perawat dan khususnya mengenai keterampilan, sikap, kedisiplinan dan motivasi kerjanya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari beberapa jurnal, yakni motivasi yang memberikan pengaruh dengan kinerja perawat terkhususnya dalam hal pekerjaan, menunjukan bahwa adanya kesamaan dalam hal pengaruh hubungan pengetahuan kepemimpinan dengan motivasi perawat rendah dalam hal penugasan dan pelatihan. Kurangnya motivasi dalam hal penugasan dan pelatihan yang dapat menimbulkan minimnya pengetahuan perawat dalam hal pelayanan kesehatan.

scholarly journals IGF -I (CA) repeat polymorphisms and risk of cancer: a meta-analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Jianming Guan ◽  
Yuting Song ◽  
Peilin Chen ◽  
Hongxia Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ca Repeat ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Risk Of Cancer
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