scholarly journals Apoptosis index of cerebrum and cerebellum neuronal cells in Rattus norvegicus neonates born from mothers treated with 50% food restriction during gestation

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Andita Hapsari ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Apoptotic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apoptosis Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Veterinary Faculty

Objective: To analyze the difference of neuronal apoptotic index on Rattus norvegicus offspring in cerebrum and cerebellum between food restriction 50% group and control.Materials and Methods: An analytical experimental study with single blind randomized post test only control group using animals subjects Rattus norvegicus. This study was conducted at animal laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Universitas Airlangga. Animal subjects were divided into food restriction 50% group and control. The apoptotic index was analyzed using comparison test, with significancy p<0.05.Results: There was significant difference of neuronal apoptotic index on Rattus norvegicus offspring between FR 50% group and control in cerebrum with p= 0.002 (mean 6,12±3,51 in FR 50% group, 2,81±2,16 in control group), and cerebellum with p= 0.026 (mean 5,56±3,03 in FR group, 3,43±2,58 in control group).Conclusions: Food restriction 50% during gestation has signifi-cant influence on neuronal apoptotic index in cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offspring.

scholarly journals FR 50% in pregnancy results in different neuron and glial cell count (astrocytes, olygodendrocytes, and microglia) in the cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn Rattus norvegicus

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Fitria Desky ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Microglia Cell ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Veterinary Faculty

Objectives: To analyze the difference neuronal and glial (astrocytes, oligodendrocyte, microglia) cell count in cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborns with 50% food restriction and control group.Materials and Methods: This was an analytical experimental study with single blind randomized post test only control group design using animals subjects Rattus norvegicus. This study was conducted at Animal laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Universitas Airlangga. Animal subjects were divided into FR50% group and control. Neuron and glial (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia) counts were analyzed using comparison test, with CI 95%.Results: There was a significant difference in cerebrum and cerebellum neuron cell count between intervention and control group (9.88+3.59 vs 16.88+2.553; p=0.000 and 7.5+1.789 vs 11.44+4.56; p=0.02). There was no difference in cerebrum and cerebellum glial cell count. There was a significant difference in cerebellum astrocyte between intervention and control group (80.94+24.255 vs 59.69+18.77; p=0.02) but no difference in cerebrum. There was a significant difference in cerebrum and cerebellum oligodendrocyte between intervention and control group (14.06+12.195 vs 25.13+8.609; p<0.000 and 13.63+6.712 vs 24.00+8.862; p=0.001), and there were significant difference in cerebrum and cerebellum microglia cell between intervention and control group (5.25+3.435 vs 4.94+3.838; p=0.620 and 8.81+4.119 vs 5.25+1.483; p=0.004).Conclusion: Food Restriction 50% (FR50%) in Rattus norvegicus decreased cerebrum and cerebellum neuron cell and oligodendrocyte count and increased cerebrum and cerebellum microglial count.

scholarly journals Effect of prenatal Mozart composition on Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor expression in cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offspring from Food Restriction 50 model

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yulia Putri Permatasari ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Factor Expression ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Stimulation Group

Objectives: To analyze the difference of BDNF expression on Rattus norvegicus offspring FR50 model in cerebrum and cerebellum between Mozart composition stimulation group and control.Materials and Methods: An analytical experimental study with single blind randomized post test only control group using animal subjects Rattus norvegicus FR50 model. This study was conducted at animal laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University. Animal subjects were divided into Mozart music stimulation group and control. The BDNF expression was analyzed using comparison test, with significancy p<0,05.Results: There was no difference of BDNF expression on Rattus norvegicus offspring FR50 model between Mozart music stimu-lation group and control in cerebrum with p=0.495 (mean Mozart group 6.89+2.52 vs control 6.22+1.99), and cerebellum with p=0.146 (mean Mozart group 7.41+2.67 vs control 5.73+2.45).Conclusions: There was no difference of BDNF expression between Mozart composition stimulation group and control in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offspring FR50 model.

scholarly journals Effect of prenatal Mozart composition on Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor expression in cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offspring from Food Restriction 50 model

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yulia Putri Permatasari ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Factor Expression ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Stimulation Group

Objectives: To analyze the difference of BDNF expression on Rattus norvegicus offspring FR50 model in cerebrum and cerebellum between Mozart composition stimulation group and control.Materials and Methods: An analytical experimental study with single blind randomized post test only control group using animal subjects Rattus norvegicus FR50 model. This study was conducted at animal laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University. Animal subjects were divided into Mozart music stimulation group and control. The BDNF expression was analyzed using comparison test, with significancy p<0,05.Results: There was no difference of BDNF expression on Rattus norvegicus offspring FR50 model between Mozart music stimu-lation group and control in cerebrum with p=0.495 (mean Mozart group 6.89+2.52 vs control 6.22+1.99), and cerebellum with p=0.146 (mean Mozart group 7.41+2.67 vs control 5.73+2.45).Conclusions: There was no difference of BDNF expression between Mozart composition stimulation group and control in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offspring FR50 model.

scholarly journals The Effects of Task-Based Language Teaching on Writing Achievement at a High School in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Thi Thu Huong ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Teaching Writing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The current study determines the effectiveness of using task-based language instructions in teaching writing at a high school in Thai Nguyen province. The participants consist of 92 grade 10 students from Bing Yen high school, Dinh Hoa district. The study employs a mix method research design (MMR) as the plan for the research. The results of the study reveals that the results of writing performance were reported at a low level (M=3.72). The results also confirmed that the intervention worked well for the experimental group. The mean score of the pre-test (the baseline for both groups) was M=3.72. The intervention focused on TBLT instructions. After first five weeks, the means of post-test1 were M=4.96 and M=3.83 for experimental group and control group respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean of pre-test and post-test1 for the experimental group (M=3.72 compared to M=4.96), while the control group showed a little improvement (M=3.72 compared to M=3.83) the difference was not significant. After another five weeks, the difference in the mean scores of the experimental group were far more than the mean scores of the control group, M=5.56 and M=4.45 respectively. By the end of the fifteenth week of the intervention, the mean of post-test 3 of the experimental group reached M=6.41, the mean for control group was M=5.54. The difference of the mean scores in the pre-test and post-test revealed a significant improvement in both groups. However, the experimental group showed a greater improvement, M=6.41 and M=5.54 respectively. It can infer that the uses of TBLT writing instruction improved writing achievement greatly.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Latihan Renang Teratur dan Latihan Renang Tidak Teratur Terhadap Kadar Trigliserida Plasma pada Rattus norvegicus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
Adi Wijayanto
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

Triglycerides are source of energy in the body, but triglyceride deposits that exceed the threshold will cause health problems, so triglycerides should be lowered to normal. The reduction of triglycerides can be done through physical activity, therefore this study aims to reveal the effect of regular swimming exercises and irregular exercises against triglyceride levels. This research is an experimental research using The Post Test Only Control Group Design design. Subjects of the study were male of Rattus Norvegicus Wistar, 39 subjects was divided into 3 groups with Matched Subject Design technique, which consisted of 2 groups of treatment that is regular and irregular group, and control group. The exercise program was given a swimming with a 3% weight of body weight and was tied 5 cm from the tip of the tail which was performed 3 times per week consistently for regular exercise and 0 to 5 times per week inconsistently for irregular exercise for 12 weeks, While the control group was not given training. In the last week before the blood was taken, the first three groups were given swimming treatment exercises. Based on the results of the anava test, there was a significant difference in the reduction of triglyceride levels among white mice who were given regular exercise with irregular exercise. These results suggest that regular exercise has a better impact on triglyceride reduction than irregular exercise, due to the higher adaptation process of regular exercise.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Latihan Aerobik Dan Anaerobik Terhadap Profl Lipid Pada Tikus Rattus Norvegicus Wistar

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Budijanto Budijanto
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Better Than

Doing exercises regularly is useful to help improve strength, frmness, and endurance and also to avoid early aging process The best exercises to make body healthy are swimming, quick hiking, jogging, and cycling. The goal of the research was to verify the difference of influence toward aerobic and anaerobic exercises towards the change of cholesterol, cholesterol HDL and LDL as well as ratio of cholesterol HDL and LDL. The research was experimental using post test and control group. The sample was classifed into three groups, each of which consisting 10 mice and then randomly aerobic and anaerobic exercises and control group were done. The aerobic exercise by swimming used 3% burden of body weight for 13 minutes and the anaerobic exercise 9% for 0ne minute by taking rest for 3 minutes intermittently as many as 4 sets, while control group did it without exercise. Based on the data analysis, it was found that aerobic exercises was effective to reduce cholesterol, improve cholesterol of HDL and LDL, and ratio of cholesterol of HDL and LDL. In addition the aerobic exercise was better than anaerobic exercise

scholarly journals Default sequence of Mozart’s compositions during pregnancy gave higher dendritic density in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offsprings compared with reversed sequence and control

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Harry Mangasi Binsar Panjaitan ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

Objectives: This study aim to determine sequence of Mozart songs in the analyzing differences in dendritic density of cerebellum and cerebellum of new born Rattus novergicusMaterials and Methods: Experimental study randomized post test only control group design using Rattus norvegicus. Animal subjects were divided into three groups which were control group, and the treatment group that were given exposure to default sequence and reversed sequence of Mozart's music from gestation day 10. We used a comparison test in the analysis expression of BDNF.Results: In the cerebrum there was a significant difference in the Mozart group in reverse rather than with Mozart standard sequence and in standard Mozart group with no exposure group, with p=0.003 and p=0.000. In the cerebellum there was a significant difference in the group in reverse rather than with standard Mozart and in the standard Mozart group with the control group, with p=0.000 and p=0.000. However, there was no significant difference between control group and Mozart group upside down in cerebrum and cerebellum with p=0.109 and p=0.077Conclusion: The density of dendrites in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborn exposed to Mozart's music during pregnancy with standard Mozart sequence was higher than that in those receiving reverse order and without exposure. There were no significant differences between the density of the cerebrum and cerebellum dendrites between groups exposed to reversed sequence of Mozart composition and those without exposure.

scholarly journals Why Mozart compositions during pregnancy should be exposed in the night. Study on apoptotic index of Rattus norvegicus offsprings’ brain neurons

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Eka Nasrur Maulana ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati ◽  
Windhu Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Apoptotic Index ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apoptosis Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: To analyze the optimal time to expose Mozart compositions(in the night/ dark) by measuring brain neural apoptotic index of Rattus norvegicus offspringsMaterials and Methods: This study used experimental random-ized post test only control group design in pregnant Rattus norvegicus. Subjects were divided into three groups at random, ie control group, 1 (1 hour Mozart exposure in dark) and 2 (1 hour Mozart in light), each comprised 8 females. After delivery, 2 heaviest Rattus norvegicus offsprings were chosen, totally 15 neonates in each group, then they were sacrificed with decapita-tion and the brain was prepared and stained using TUNEL assay method and the index of neurons cell apoptosis was calculated using microscope in 1000x magnification. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, after conducting ethical feasibility test.Results: There were no miscarriages, congenital malformation, preterm birth and deaths in all groups. The control group's neural apoptosis index was 55.98 ± 4.12, group one 24.87±3.45 and group two 23.82±3.89. Based on statistical test result, there was no significant difference of apoptosis index between treatment group 1 and treatment group 2, with p value 0,836 but significant difference was found between control group and treatment group 1 (p=0.002) and between control group and treatment group 2 (p=0.009). In dark group we found the lower average of apoptotic index, the lowest apoptotic index, 9 of 15 had the lowest, the heaviest head weight and 4 of 15 subjects had the heaviest head weightConclusion: There was no significant difference between the pro-vision of Mozart music in dark and light on brain neuron of Rattus norvegicus offsprings although lower average in the dark group especially if the extreme value exluded. In the dark group: we found  the lower average of apoptotic index, the lowest apoptotic index, biggest proportion of the lowest index, the heaviest head and biggest proportion of heaviest head.

scholarly journals Fifty percent of food restriction during gestation reduced the dendritic density of cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborn

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Anwar Fauzi ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati ◽  
Hermanto T Joewono
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Treatment Models ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Single Blind

Objectives: To analyze the influence of 50 percent food  restriction during pregnancy to the dendritic density of cerebellum and cerebellum of newborn Rattus norvegicus.Materials and Methods: Laboratory experimental study with single blind randomized post-test only control group design using animal model; pregnant Rattus norvegicus as treatment models. Subjects were divided into two groups: control group and treatment group which was exposed to 50% food restriction (FR 50%). At day 21, both group sacrificed and the cerebrum and cerebelum of the offsprings were prepared and stained with silver impregnation. We used parametric independent t-test in analyzing dendritic density.Results: In the cerebrum there was a significant difference in dendritic density between control (4.98+2.17) and treatment (2.69+0.76) groups with p=0.001 (p<0.05). In the cerebellum there was ALSO a significant difference in dendritic density between control (7.37+2.23) and treatment groups (3.01+0.64) with p=0.000 (p<0.05).Conclusions: The dendritic density of cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn Rattus norvegicusexposed to 50 percent of food restriction during pregnancy  were lower than control. 

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN VAKSIN BCG SECARA ORAL DAN SUBKUTAN TERHADAP KOMPONEN SELULER DAN HUMORAL PADA Rattus norvegicus GALUR WISTAR

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Netti Suharti ◽  
Andani Eka Putra
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Oral Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cellular And Humoral Immunity ◽  
Per Oral ◽  
And Control

AbstrakVaksinasi BCG merupakan metoda pencegahan infeksi M. tuberculosis dengan rentang efektivitas antara 0 – 80%. Vaksin ini bekerja dengan meng-induksi sistem imunitas seluler, terutama sel limfosit T. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas vaksin, seperti bahan dasar, rute pemberian, penyimpanan dan lain sebagainya.penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengaruh rute vaksinasi BCG, per oral dan subkutan terhadap imunitas seluler dan humoral, yang meliputi pembentukan antibodi, kosentrasi sel limfosit B, T dan penilaian kemampuan makrofag.Penelitian eksperimental yang dilaksanakan dengan mengunakan desain post test only control group design. Jumlah sampel 10 ekor Rattus norvegicus galur Wistar. Antibodi diperiksa dengan menggunakan ELISA, serta dilakukan uji statistik mengunakan t-test.Didapatkan kadar antibodi kelompok subkutan pada hari ke-10 adalah OD 1.714 ± 0.124, sedangkan kelompok oral adalah 1.256 ± 0.243 dan pada kontrol kadar antibodi adalah 0.975 ± 0.253 (p < 0.05). Jumlah limfosit B pada kelompok subkutan adalah 4.5 x 103 sel/ml, kelompok oral 2.6 x 103 sel/ml dan kontrol 2.2. x 103 sel/ml (p < 0.05). Jumlah limfosit T kelompok subkutan adalah 3.8 x 104 sel/ml sedangkan pada kelompok oral dan kontrol, masing-masing adalah 1.1 x 104 sel/ml dan 0.8 x 104 sel/ml (p < 0.05). Kemampuan fagositosis makrofag subkutan adalah 62.5 ± 6.8 lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok oral 48.7 ± 5.8 dan kontrol 35.6 ± 4.4 (p < 0.05). Fenomena yang sama ditemukan pada hari ke-20. Namun demikian tidak ditemukan perbedaan konsentrasi seluruh variabel seluler dan humoral antara hari ke-10 dan 20 (p > 0.05).Vaksinasi BCG akan meningkatkan respon imunitas seluler dan humoral dan rute vaksinasi subkutan lebih baik dibanding per oral ditinjau dari aspek respon imun.Kata kunci : Vaksinasi BCG, seluler, humoral, makrofagAbstractBCG vaccine is a method to prevent the infection of M tuberculosis with effectiveness range between 0 – 80%. This vaccine works with inducing cellular immunity system, mainly in cell of Lymphocyte T. There are many factors thatARTIKEL PENELITIAN118influence the vaccines affectivity, such as basic substance, giving route,and storage.This experiment is conducted in to Rattus norvegicus Wistar Furrow in order to examine the effect of the route of BCG vaccination’s in oral and sub cutaneous to cellular and humoral immunity, which covers the formation of antibody, lymphocyte B cell concentration, and the evaluation of macrophage capability.This experiment’s result shows that the antibody of sub cutaneous groups on day 10th is OD 1.714 ± 0.124, and 1.256 ± 0.243 in oral, while in antibody control is 0.975 ± 0.253 (p < 0.05 ). The amount of Lymphocyte B in sub cutaneous group is 4.5 x 103 cell/ml, 2.6 x 103 cell/ml in oral and 2.2 x 103 cell/ml (p < 0.05) in control. The amount of Lymphocyte T in sub cutaneous is 3.8 x 104 cell/ml, while in oral and control is 1.1 x 104 cell/ml and 0.8 x 104 cell/ml (p < 0.05). The phagocytosis ability of sub cutaneous’s macrophage is 62.5 ± 6.8 which is higher than oral group 48.7 ± 5.8 and control 35.6 ± 4.4 (p < 0.05). The same phenomenon also found in day 20th. However, the difference concentrations of the entire cellular and humeral variable between day 10th and day 20th ( p < 0.05 ) has not been found.Based on the result of this experiment’s it can be concluded that BCG vaccination will increase the cellular and humeral immunity response and sub cutaneous’s vaccination route is better that oral, from immunes response aspect side.Key word : BCG Vaccination, cellular, humeral, macrophage.

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