scholarly journals Default sequence of Mozart’s compositions during pregnancy gave higher dendritic density in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offsprings compared with reversed sequence and control

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Harry Mangasi Binsar Panjaitan ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati

Objectives: This study aim to determine sequence of Mozart songs in the analyzing differences in dendritic density of cerebellum and cerebellum of new born Rattus novergicusMaterials and Methods: Experimental study randomized post test only control group design using Rattus norvegicus. Animal subjects were divided into three groups which were control group, and the treatment group that were given exposure to default sequence and reversed sequence of Mozart's music from gestation day 10. We used a comparison test in the analysis expression of BDNF.Results: In the cerebrum there was a significant difference in the Mozart group in reverse rather than with Mozart standard sequence and in standard Mozart group with no exposure group, with p=0.003 and p=0.000. In the cerebellum there was a significant difference in the group in reverse rather than with standard Mozart and in the standard Mozart group with the control group, with p=0.000 and p=0.000. However, there was no significant difference between control group and Mozart group upside down in cerebrum and cerebellum with p=0.109 and p=0.077Conclusion: The density of dendrites in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborn exposed to Mozart's music during pregnancy with standard Mozart sequence was higher than that in those receiving reverse order and without exposure. There were no significant differences between the density of the cerebrum and cerebellum dendrites between groups exposed to reversed sequence of Mozart composition and those without exposure.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
Adi Wijayanto

Triglycerides are source of energy in the body, but triglyceride deposits that exceed the threshold will cause health problems, so triglycerides should be lowered to normal. The reduction of triglycerides can be done through physical activity, therefore this study aims to reveal the effect of regular swimming exercises and irregular exercises against triglyceride levels. This research is an experimental research using The Post Test Only Control Group Design design. Subjects of the study were male of Rattus Norvegicus Wistar, 39 subjects was divided into 3 groups with Matched Subject Design technique, which consisted of 2 groups of treatment that is regular and irregular group, and control group. The exercise program was given a swimming with a 3% weight of body weight and was tied 5 cm from the tip of the tail which was performed 3 times per week consistently for regular exercise and 0 to 5 times per week inconsistently for irregular exercise for 12 weeks, While the control group was not given training. In the last week before the blood was taken, the first three groups were given swimming treatment exercises. Based on the results of the anava test, there was a significant difference in the reduction of triglyceride levels among white mice who were given regular exercise with irregular exercise. These results suggest that regular exercise has a better impact on triglyceride reduction than irregular exercise, due to the higher adaptation process of regular exercise.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Tumini Tumini

In every stage of long and complex chemotherapy procedure, of course, it could confuse patients. The purpose of this queasy experimental research was to analyze the effect of education from nurses about chemotherapy procedure on patient's knowledge level toward the use of new card at one-stop oncology poly (POSA (Poli Onkologi Satu Atap)) of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, by using "pre-test post-test with control group design". The subjects were divided into two groups: treatment group that was given the education in using new cards and control group that was given the education in using old cards. The treatment group underwent the increase knowledge of general chemotherapy procedures, meanwhile, the control group did not undergo any increase. Keywords: Chemotherapy procedures, Knowledge, Patients, Education


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Setia Wardani ◽  
Wimpie Pangkahila ◽  
IGM Aman

Abstract: One of the factors that influences aging process is hormonal imbalance that can occur due to the intake of food or drink containing hormone. Children aged more than 1 year with difficulty in eating are usually given Nutrisure Gold®. Analysis has shown that Nutrisure Gold® contains estrogen dan progesterone. This study was aimed to prove that Nutrisure Gold® could increase estrogen and progesterone levels in Wistar female rats. This was an experimental study with the post test only control group design. Subjects were 36 female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 21 days divide into 2 groups, each of 18 rats. The control group was given white rice 3.11 g and aqua bidest meanwhile the treatment group was given Nutrisure Gold® 0.93 g three times a day for 28 days. The results showed that the average estrogen level in the control group was 44.26±11.49 pg/ml and of the treatment group was 45.30±7.66 pg/ml. The average progesterone level in the control group was 22.43±3.62 ng/ml and of the treatment group was 27.44±2.28 ng/ml. Data of estrogen level were analyzed with t-independent test that showed t = -0.320 and P = 0.751 (P >0.05) meanwhile of progesterone level showed t = -4.978 and P = 0.000 (P <0.05). Conclusion: After treatment, the average estrogen levels in both groups did not differ significantly meanwhile the average progesterone levels in both groups showed significant difference.Keywords: liquid replacement meal, estrogen, progesteroneAbstrak: Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi proses penuaan ialah ketidak seimbangan hormon yang dapat terjadi antara lain akibat pemberian asupan makanan atau minuman yang mengandung hormon. Anak-anak berusia satu tahun ke atas dengan masalah sulit makan sering diberikan makanan pengganti cair Nutrisure Gold®. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa Nutrisure Gold® mengandung hormon estrogen dan progesteron. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian Nutrisure Gold® meningkatkan kadar hormon estrogen dan progesteron pada tikus putih galur Wistar betina umur 21 hari. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan post test only control group design, Subyek penelitian ialah 36 ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) galur Wistar betina umur 21 hari yang dibagi atas 2 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 18 ekor. Kelompok kontrol diberikan nasi putih 3,11 gr dan aquabides sedangkan kelompok perlakuan diberikan Nutrisure Gold® 0,93 gr 3 kali sehari selama 28 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar estrogen kelompok kontrol 44,26±11,49 pg/ml dan rerata kelompok perlakuan 45,30±7,66 pg/ml. Rerata kadar progesteron kelompok kontrol 22,43±3,62 ng/ml dan rerata kelompok perlakuan 27,44±2,28 ng/ml. Analisis kemaknaan kadar estrogen dengan uji t-independent menunjukkan t = -0.320 dan p = 0,751 (P >0,05). Analisis kemaknaan kadar progesteron dengan uji t independent menunjukkan nilai t = -4,978 dan p = 0.000 (P < 0,05). Simpulan: Setelah diberi perlakuan, rerata kadar estrogen pada kedua kelompok tidak berbeda bermakna tetapi rerata kadar progesteron pada kedua kelompok menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna.Kata kunci: makanan pengganti cair, estrogen, progesteron


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Fikri Tahta Nurul Fiqih ◽  
Annita Wahyuningtyas ◽  
Abid Abdi Aziz ◽  
Erni Agustina Setiyowati

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas biblioterapi kelompok dalam menurunkan agresivitas pada siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain Pretest-Postest Control Group Desain. Sampel dipilih berdasarkan hasil seleksi menggunakan skala agresivitas. Penempatan kelompok eksperimen menggunakan randomisasi. Sebanyak 18 siswa sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan 18 siswa sebagai kelompok kontrol. Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk pretest dan post test adalah skala agresivitas yang terdiri dari 55 pernyataan. Biblioterapi dilaksanakan sebanyak 7 sesi dengan menggunakan naskah-naskah cerita yang telah mendapat penilaian kelayakan dari Psikolog. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji F menghasilkan perbedaan agresivitas yang signifikan antara gainscore kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol. Selain itu terdapat perbedaan agresivitas yang signifikan pada kelompok eksperimen sebelum dan sesudah intervensi, sedangkan pada kelompok control tidak ada perbedaan agresivitas yang signifikan antara pretest dan post test. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa biblioterapi kelompok dapat menurunkan agresivitas siswa.  This study aims to determine the effectiveness of bibliotherapy in reducing aggressiveness in elementary students. This study used an experimental method with the pretest-posttest control group design. The sample is chosen based on the results of the selection using an aggressiveness scale. Placement of the experimental group using randomization. A total of 18 students as the experimental group and 18 students as a control group. The measuring instrument used for the pretest and post-test is an aggressiveness scale consisting of 55 statements. Bibliotherapy was carried out as many as seven sessions using story scripts that had received a feasibility assessment from a Psychologist. The results of data analysis using the F test produced a significant difference in aggressiveness between the gain score of the experimental and control groups. The results showed that there were substantial differences in aggressiveness in the experimental group before and after the intervention. Whereas, in the control group, there was no significant difference in aggressiveness between the pretest and post-test. It can be concluded that bibliotherapy effectively reduces student aggressiveness.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Shirban Sasi ◽  
Toshinari Haga

This paper reports the usage of Japanese karaoke films in order to enhance learning Japanese vocabulary among students in a university in Taiwan. A pretest-posttest control-group design was implemented in which the treatment students (55 girls and 48 boys) were given Japanese vocabulary lessons via listening to and watching two karaoke films, while the control group (62 girls and 47 boys) received their Japanese vocabulary lessons through only listening to the same songs (N=212, P ≤ 0.05). The treatment lasted for six consecutive regular general Japanese classes in which the last 20 minutes of the session was allocated to this experiment. The statistical independent samples T-tests used for each of the three comparisons in this study revealed a significant higher gain scores for the girls treatment group, while the boys treatment and control, as well as the general (all) students  treatment and control groups did not show any significant difference. Given the ever-growing usage of karaoke in many countries such as Taiwan, the authors believe that addressing the possible and potential capabilities of such a favorable activity, particularly among the youth, can prove effective and helpful in teaching/learning Japanese and other languages.


2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Anwar Fauzi ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati ◽  
Hermanto T Joewono

Objectives: To analyze the influence of 50 percent food  restriction during pregnancy to the dendritic density of cerebellum and cerebellum of newborn Rattus norvegicus.Materials and Methods: Laboratory experimental study with single blind randomized post-test only control group design using animal model; pregnant Rattus norvegicus as treatment models. Subjects were divided into two groups: control group and treatment group which was exposed to 50% food restriction (FR 50%). At day 21, both group sacrificed and the cerebrum and cerebelum of the offsprings were prepared and stained with silver impregnation. We used parametric independent t-test in analyzing dendritic density.Results: In the cerebrum there was a significant difference in dendritic density between control (4.98+2.17) and treatment (2.69+0.76) groups with p=0.001 (p<0.05). In the cerebellum there was ALSO a significant difference in dendritic density between control (7.37+2.23) and treatment groups (3.01+0.64) with p=0.000 (p<0.05).Conclusions: The dendritic density of cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn Rattus norvegicusexposed to 50 percent of food restriction during pregnancy  were lower than control. 


e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novianto Guanovora ◽  
Nola T. S. Mallo ◽  
Djemi Tomuka

Abstract: The objective of this study is to compare the time of rigor mortis formed between the control group and the treated group. This was a true experimental study with a post –test only control group design. This study was conducted at RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Forensic Laboratory Manado from September to November 2015. This research begins with caring of the rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) weighting 1250 – 2100 g. were divided into two groups, control group and treated group. Treated group was exposed to diazinon 600 as many as 3 ml in one treatment. Data were analyzed by using univariat analysis, subsequently tested by using independent t-Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the time of rigor mortis formed and disappeared between the two groups. Conclusion: The time of rigor mortis formed and then disappeared was shorter among rabbits with organopgosphate intoxication compared to the ones without intoxication. Further studies are needed using instrument to evaluate the rigor mortis.Keywords: rigor mortis, intoxication, organophosphateAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kecepatan rigor mortis pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Jenis penelitian eksperimental murni (true experimental desaign) dengan rancangan penelitian post test only control group desaign. Penelitian dilakukan dilaboratorium Forensik RSUP. Prof. Dr. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado pada bulan September – November 2015. Penelitian diawali dengan pemeliharaan kelinci (Oryctolagus Cuniculus ) dengan berat badan 1250 – 2100 g. Selanjutnya kelinci dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan, kelompok yang dilakukan pemaparan Diazinon 600 sebanyak 3 ml dalam satu kali pemberian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bemakna (P < 0,05) waktu terbentuk rigor mortis, kaku, kaku sempurna, dan mulai melemas antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Simpulan: Waktu terbentuk rigor mortis dan waktu mulai melemas lebih singkat pada kelinci dengan intoksikasi organofosfat dibandingkan yang tanpa intoksikasi. Disarankan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan alat ukur untuk menilai rigor mortis.Kata kunci: rigor mortis, intoksikasi, organofosfat


Author(s):  
Dira Permana ◽  
Heri Hidayatullah ◽  
Nurul Hafizah

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan teknik Chain Drill dalam mengajarberbicara bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu menggunakan pretest-posttestcontrol group design. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data sampel pada penelitian ini adalah tesberbicara dalam bentuk instruksi. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah pretest danposttestberbicara. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianaisis dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptifdan inferensial untuk menarik sebuah kesimpulan. Berdasarkan analisis, ditemukan bahwa skor rata-rata post-test lebih tinggi dari skor rata-rata pre-test (64≥37), sedangkan di kelas kontrol, skor rata-rata post-test jugalebih tinggi daripada skor rata-rata pre-test (50≥30). Dari data yang diperoleh, diperoleh perbedaan skor baikpada post-test dari pre-test antara kedua kelas; kelas eksperimen 14≥7 untuk kelas kontrol yang menunjukkanskor eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Analisis lebih lanjut pada uji-t, ditemukan bahwa skor uji-t(2,52) lebih tinggi dari t-tabel (1,671) dengan tingkat kebebasan 42. Dengan kata lain, Ha diterima dan Hoditolak, dimana terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam perolehan selisih skor antara kelas eksperimen dankontrol. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan teknik Chain Drill efektif dalam mengajarberbicara. Abstract: This study aims at finding out the effectiveness of Chain Drill technique in teaching speaking. Thisstudy useda quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest control group design. The instrumentused to gain data of samples was a speaking test in the form of instruction. The technique used to collect datawas pretest and posttest of speaking test. Data gained were subsequently analyzed by using descriptive andinferential statistical analysis from which a conclusion was drawn. Based on the analysis, it was found that themean score of post-test was higher than the mean score of pre-test (64≥37), while in the control class, the meanscore of post-test was also higher than the mean score of pre-test (50≥30). From the data obtained, it was foundthe difference in score both in post-test from pre-test between the two classes; experimental class 14≥7 forcontrol class which showed experimental score was higher than the control class. The further analysis on the t-test, it was found that t-test score (2.52) was higher than t-table (1.671) with the degree of freedom 42. In otherwords, H a was accepted and H o was rejected in which there was a significant difference in scores betweenexperiment and control class. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Chain Drill technique is effective inteaching speaking.


2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Anita Rahmawati

Father’s role strongly proved in increasing the success of breastfeeding process, but in realitymany fathers are still not implementing its role in the process of breastfeeding (breastfeeding father’srole) because of father’s education and the assumption of breastfeeding is mother’s responsibilities. Thepurpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the father prenatal education toward breastfeedingfather’s role. This study used post test only control group design. 30 samples were taken by purposivesampling which further divided into control and treatment groups by simple random. Breastfeedingfather’s role was measured by a questionnaire and the data were analyzed by independent t test. Theresults showed breastfeeding father’s role rate and standard deviation in the treatment group was 15.40± 2.558, while in the control group 9.80 ± 4.212. Different test treatment and control group obtained thevalue p = 0,000 which means there was a significant effect of education toward breastfeeding father’srole between the treatment group and the control group. The nurse recommended to educate pregnantwomen prenatal classes which was devoted to the father (husband) as an alternative solution to improvethe success of exclusive breastfeeding program.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aufa Azri Dany ◽  
Susila Sastri ◽  
Eliza Anas

AbstrakMinyak sawit  merupakan  salah  satu  minyak  yang  paling  banyak  dikonsumsi  di Indonesia.  Minyak sawit  diketahui  mengandung  kurang lebih 50% asam lemak jenuh dan 50% asam lemak tidak jenuh.  Penelitian sebelumnya  menemukan  bahwa  mengonsumsi  minyak sawit dengan  dosis  tertentu  dapat  mempengaruhi  kadar  trigliserida  darah.  Tujuan  penelitian  ini  adalah  menentukan pengaruh pemberian diet tinggi minyak sawit terhadap kadar trigliserida darah tikus wistar.  Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental dengan menggunakan post test only control group design. Sampel terdiri dari 12 ekor tikus wistar jantan yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok tikus kontrol yang diberi diet standar dan kelompok tikus perlakuan yang diberi tambahan 42,5% minyak sawit ke dalam diet standar. Pemeriksaan kadar trigliserida setelah perlakuan empat minggu. Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  pemberian  diet timggi minyak sawit  berpengaruh  terhadap  peningkatan  kadar  trigliserida darah. Rerata kadar  trigliserida  darah  pada  kelompok  perlakuan  adalah  165.6 ± 19.527 mg/dl dan  kelompok  kontrol  adalah  100.8 ± 18.033 mg/dl. Terdapat  perbedaan bermakna antara kadar trigliserida darah pada kelompok perlakuan dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah diet tinggi minyak sawit dapat meningkatkan kadar triliserida darah.Kata kunci: minyak sawit, trigliserida darah AbstractPalm oil is one of the most widely consumed in Indonesia. Palm oil contain of 50% saturated fatty acid and 50 % non saturated fatty acid . Previous  studies  have  found  that  palm oil consumption  in  certain  doses  can  affect to  blood  trygliceride  levels.  The  objective  of  this study  was  to  determine  the effect of dietary high palm oil on tryglicerides level in wistar rat’s blood. This research was an experimental study which applies post test only control group design. The  samples were 12 male wistar rats  that divided in to two groups. Control group which were administrated standard diet and treatment group which were administrated addition of 42,5% palm oil to standar diet. After four weeks treatment, tryglicerides level were observed. The results showed that administration of dietary high palm oil effect  on  the  increase  of  blood  trygliceride  levels.  Blood  trygliceride  levels  in  treatment group was 165.6 ± 19.527 mg/dl and the control group was 100.8 ± 18.033 mg/dl. There are significant  difference  between  blood  trygliceride  levels  treatment  groups and control group (p<0,05). The conclusion of this study is dietary high palm oil increased concentration of blood tryglicerides level.Keywords: palm oil, blood trygliceride


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