scholarly journals The Essence of in Absentia in The Examination of Corruption Cases

Yuridika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
I Made Suarnawan
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
General Philosophy ◽  
Serious Crime

The legal vacuum associated with in absentia examinations can benefit corruptors. Unprofessional law enforcement officers can help the suspect by providing opportunities or facilities for the suspect to escape in order to suspend the investigation. In the event where the investigation is suspended for this reason, then there would be no legal certainty and fairness in the effort to recover the financial loss of the State. Article 38 of the PTPK Law only applies in the examination of cases without the presence of the defendant in the trial. In Absentia is a suspect or defendant whose whereabouts is not known, does not present for the examination of the case or whom cannot be forced to be present in the trial. The general philosophy of in absentia examination in corruption cases is that criminal acts of corruption are not justified, as they result in detrimental loss of the country's finances or economy. In the essence, in absentia examination is an effort to eradicate corruption in a serious or extraordinary manner because corruption is a serious crime and as an effort to recover the country's financial and economy loss.

scholarly journals Corruption in the Economy of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Kofanov ◽  
◽  
Nataliia Pavlovska ◽  
Maryna Kulyk ◽  
Yuliia Tereshchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The State ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
National Police ◽  
Economic Crimes

The research was conducted on the basis of the method of system analysis and generalization of information obtained during the survey conducted by different categories of law enforcement officers who carry out pre-trial investigation of the said crimes, as well as reports from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the National Police of Ukraine, National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine, etc. for 2016-2019. The most relevant motives and methods of committing corruption crimes were analyzed and found that bribery and corruption were the first among economic crimes, and the increase in the number of these crimes was facilitated by the high corruption of state bodies in various spheres of public life. The key issues that will reduce the level of corruption in the state are outlined.

scholarly journals PERANAN ALAT BUKTI DALAM PERKARA PIDANA DALAM PUTUSAN HAKIM MENURUT KUHAP

Yuridika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Bastianto Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The State ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Examination Process

The trial of a criminal case is to find out whether a criminal offense has occurred in an event, therefore in the most important criminal proceedings the proceedings are proved. Evidence is a problem that plays a role in the examination process in court because with this proof is determined the fate of a defendant. The legal function in the State of Indonesia is to regulate the order of society in the life of the nation and the state, whereas the violation of the law itself is an event that must exist in every society and is impossible to be eliminated absolutely, because violation of law is an integral part of development More complex. One of the provisions governing how the law enforcement officers carry out the task in the field of repressive is the criminal procedure law which has the purpose of searching and approaching material truth, the complete truth of a criminal case by applying the provisions of criminal procedure law honestly darn precisely with The purpose of finding out who the perpetrator can be charged with is a violation of the law. 

scholarly journals The Role of Investigators in Disclosing Corruption Cases of Village Fund Allocation in Kuningan District

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bayu Aji Dewantara ◽  
Handri Wirastuti Sawitri ◽  
Nurani Ajeng Tri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The State ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Administration System ◽  
Fund Allocation ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Community Roles

The number of corruption cases in the state administration system is increasing year after year. One of corruption cases occurred in the state administration system is corruption case of village funds. This study aims to identify the roles of and the obstacles faced by Kuningan District Prosecutor�s Office investigators in disclosing corruption cases of village fund allocation. This qualitative study applied a sociological juridical research method in which the data is presented in a systematic description and is analyzed by employing qualitative data analysis method. The results showed that Kuningan District Prosecutor�s Office investigators as law enforcement officers have a significant role in disclosing corruption cases of village fund allocation, namely identifying the crime of corruption, carrying out actions (full data, full bucket), conducting investigation, checking the suspects� identity, and conducting detention and searches. Further, there are some obstacles faced by Kuningan District Prosecutor�s Office investigators in disclosing corruption cases of village fund allocation, including the mismatch between regulations and actual practices in the field and the lack of human resources, facilities and infrastructures, and community roles.�Peran Penyidik dalam Mengungkap Kasus Korupsi Alokasi Dana Desa di Wilayah Hukum Kabupaten Kuningan�Angka kejadian korupsi dalam sistem penyelenggara negara masih mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Salah satu tindak pidana korupsi yang banyak terjadi dalam sistem penyelenggara negara adalah korupsi dana desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran dan hambatan penyidik Kejaksaan Negeri Kuningan dalam mengungkap kasus korupsi alokasi dana desa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode penelitian yuridis sosiologis. Data disajikan dalam uraian sistematis dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa penyidik Kejaksaan Negeri Kuningan sebagai aparat penegak hukum mempunyai peran yang sangat aktif dalam mengungkap kasus korupsi alokasi dana desa yaitu menemukan adanya tindak pidana korupsi, melakukan tindakan (full data full bucket), melakukan tindakan penyidikan, memeriksa identitas tersangka, melakukan penahanan dan penggeledahan. Terdapat beberapa hambatan yang dialami oleh penyidik kejaksaan dalam mengungkap kasus korupsi alokasi dana desa di antaranya ketidaksesuaian antara peraturan dengan tindakan di lapangan, kurangnya sumber daya manusia, fasillitas dan sarana yang belum memadai dan kurangnya peran masyarakat.

The Federal Posse Comitatus Doctrine: Slavery, Compulsion, and Statecraft in Mid-Nineteenth-Century America

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautham Rao
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Henry David Thoreau ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Alexis De Tocqueville ◽  
Antebellum America ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nineteenth Century America

In antebellum America, as in pre-industrial England, it was commonplace to witness civilians accompanying sheriffs and justices, scouring the countryside in search of scoundrels, scalawags, and other law-breakers. These civilians were the posse comitatus, or uncompensated, temporarily deputized citizens assisting law enforcement officers. At its core, the posse comitatus was a compulsory institution. Prior to the advent of centralized police forces, sheriffs and others compelled citizens to serve “in the name of the state” to execute arrests, level public nuisances, and keep the peace, “upon pain of fine and imprisonment.” Despite its coercive character, though, the posse was widely understood as one among many compulsory duties that protected the “public welfare.” Americans heeded the call to serve in local posses, explained jurist Edward Livingston, because of communal “ties of property, of family, of love of country and of liberty.” Such civic obligations, wrote Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835, illustrated why Americans had such a pressing “interest in … arresting the guilty man.” At once coercive and communitarian, lamented Henry David Thoreau, the posse comitatus exemplified how those that “serve the state … with their bodies,” were “commonly esteemed good citizens.”

scholarly journals Reserva do plenário e a (in)segurança jurídica: análise da súmula vinculante número 10

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-247
Author(s):  
Giovane Moraes Porto ◽  
Luís Henrique Barbante Franzé
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Original Culture ◽  
Ratio Decidendi ◽  
Legal Uncertainty

No intuito de minimizar a insegurança jurídica e a falta de isonomia trazida pelas decisões judiciais conflitantes sobre a mesma matéria, foi editada a Súmula Vinculante nº 10, que obriga a reserva de plenário mesmo quando o pronunciamento proferido por órgão fracionário de tribunal não reconhecer a inconstitucionalidade da norma expressamente. Mas, esta súmula perderá a sua finalidade se não houver um critério para assegurar que seja aplicada ao mesmo fato que lhe deu origem. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é buscar, na cultura da “common law”, critérios da “ratio decidendi” que gerem maior confiabilidade na aplicação da referida súmula, além de propor uma nova redação. Será usada a pesquisa doutrinária e jurisprudencial, inclusive originária da cultura da “common law”. É esperado chamar atenção dos juristas para a importância do debate sobre a necessidade de maior segurança jurídica e igualdade, notadamente, por meio da aplicação da Súmula Vinculante nº 10. Abstract In order to minimize legal uncertainty and the lack of equality brought about by conflicting court decisions on the same matter was issued Binding Precedent nº 10, which requires the reservation plenum even when the speech given by fractional referring court does not recognize the unconstitutionality of the norm explicitly. But, this summary will lose its purpose if there is no criteria to ensure that it is applied to the same facts that gave rise. The objective of this research is to look at the culture of "common law" criteria "ratio decidendi" that generate greater confidence in applying that precedent, as well as propose a new wording. Doctrinal and jurisprudential research, including original culture of "common law" will be used. It is expected to draw the attention of law enforcement officers to the importance of the debate on the need for greater legal certainty and equality, notably through the implementation of Binding Precedent nº 10.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN DIVERSI SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI HAK ASASI ANAK BERKONFLIK DENGAN HUKUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Luh Sri Widi Artini ◽  
Putu Bagus Sabda Pramesti
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

A child who commits a legal offence is a special concern from the state. Diversi is the application of versioning is an effort from the government to protect the child from negative stigmatization and based on the best needs and interests for children, by seeking a version through the approach of Restorative justice. This research aims to determine how the implementation is versioned as a child's human rights implementation and what constraints are faced by related parties in the running of versioning. This research uses a qualitative method of research approach with a literature study technique that is further analyzed qualitatively. Children are trusting and give that must be guarded because the child is the hope of the state as a nation's successor so that children should be protected. The results of this study show that versioning is one of the government's efforts to protect the child's rights from adverse influences and the stigmatization of the community and is done for the best interest of the child. Obstacles faced in the form of lack of the presence and the existence of a sectoral ego between the law enforcement officers so that the version has not run optimally and the need to socialize about the law of the Child criminal system Community.

scholarly journals The Authority of Internal Auditor to Prevent Corruption Committed by Civil Servants and Government Official

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-162
Author(s):  
Helmi Helmi ◽  
Iskandar Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Internal Auditor ◽  
The Subject

Internal audit is significant to guarantee and ensure the enforcement of laws and regulations as well as to prevent power abuse by civil servants or government officials that may cause financial loss for the country. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the authority of internal audit, to describe how this authority is regulated, to depict the authority to prevent power abuse, and to illustrate the protection over and enforcement of administrative law on allegation of power abuse. This study is a normative juridical study analyzing primary and secondary legal material relevant to the subject under study. The result of the study reveals that the authority of internal audit has been set in various legal products. The operating procedures for legal protection over allegation of arbitrary behavior against civil servants or government officials are filing an objection or an appeal against the discovery of the internal audit. If the case is not a subject of investigation of law enforcement officers the accused may contest the finding to Administrative Court and request the judge to review the finding. If the accused is proven to be guilty of abusing power that causes financial loss for the state and, thus, be sentenced for the alleged conduct (inkracht), he or she shall be immediately dismissed from his/her position. The regulation posits that officer who ignores the verdict and continues to keep the  defendant on his/her position shall be penalized.

scholarly journals Kewenangan BPK dan BPKP dalam Menentukan Kerugian Keuangan Negara pada Perkara Korupsi

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
I Made Fajar Pradnyana ◽  
I Wayan Parsa
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
Legal Entities

The purpose of this research is to describe the related authority possessed by the BPK and BPKP in determining state financial losses so that the judges who handle cases of corruption can use calculations from the institutions that have been mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in determining state financial losses in order to achieve legal certainty. The dualism of institutions in determining state financial losses results in overlapping powers which have an impact on the credibility of these institutions. This certainly affects practice in the field, one of which is legal certainty that is not guaranteed in implementing law enforcement against corruption, it is very possible that every agency that calculates losses incurred by the state uses different calculation techniques, and in the end, the reports given are also different. so that it can affect the performance of law enforcement agencies in dealing with allegations of corruption. The author uses the normative legal method in this research, through two kinds of approaches, namely statutory and conceptual. The results showed that the BPK authority as an independent institution to measure and determine state losses, whether committed by individuals or legal entities, while the BPKP authority as an institution under the president has the duty to ensure that the management of government state finances in the sense of the executive is good, so that the panel of judges handling criminal acts of corruption uses calculations from the national institution, namely the BPK which is mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk Menjabarkan terkait kewenangan yang dimiliki BPK dan BPKP dalam menentukan kerugian keuangan negara sehingga majelis hakim yang menangani kasus tindak pidana korupsi dapat menggunakan perhitungan dari Lembaga yang telah diamanatkan oleh UUD NRI 1945 dalam menentukan kerugian keuangan negara agar tercapainya kepastian hukum. Dualisme institusi dalam menentukan kerugian keuangan negara menghasilkan kekuasaan yang tumpang tindih yang berdampak pada kredibilitas institusi ini. Hal ini tentu mempengaruhi praktek di lapangan, salah satunya kepastian hukum yang tidak terjamin dalam menerapkan penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana korupsi, sangat memungkinkan bahwa setiap lembaga yang menghitung kerugian yang ditimbulkan negara menggunakan teknik penghitungan tidak sama, dan pada akhirnya, laporan yang diberikan juga berbeda sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kinerja lembaga penegak hukum dalam menangani tuduhan korupsi. Metode hukum normatif digunakan penulis dalam riset ini, melalui dua macam pendekatan yaitu perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa otoritas BPK selaku lembaga bersifat independen untuk mengukur dan menentukan kerugian negara baik yang dilakukan oleh seseorang ataupun badan hukum, sementara otoritas BPKP sebagai institusi yang berada di bawah  presiden yang bertugas untuk memastikan bahwa pengelolaan keuangan negara pemerintah dalam arti eksekutif sudah baik, sehingga majelis hakim yang menangani tindak pidana korupsi menggunakan perhitungan dari Lembaga nasional yaitu BPK yang diberikan amanat dari UUD NRI 1945.

scholarly journals Intensification of Application of the Analogy of Law in Overcoming Civil Law Uncertainty

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
V. A. Mikryukov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Russian Federation

The purpose of the paper is to show how actively and effectively the mechanism of analogy of law is used in modern practice of applying civil legislation. Based on the analysis of judicial acts in specific cases, the author substantiates the conclusion concerning the regularity of the expansion of the application of the analogy of law in judicial practice. The importance of using this mechanism to ensure the absence of gaps in law is demonstrated not only for the administration of justice, but also for effective civil law regulation of the continuously developing economic relations of organizationally and property-separated enterprising participants (subjects). The author substantiates a new view on the correlation between the increase in the volume and detail of the normative material and the level of civil legal certainty and with the degree of demand for the analogy of law in the activities of law enforcement officers. It is proposed to keep selecting and examining specific examples of the use of the analogy of law in the resolution of civil disputes in order to provide generalizations and explanations of the practice of direct application of the principles of civil legislation at the level of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals “ANTI-CORRUPTION” RESTRICTIONS FOR PERSONS AUTHORIZED TO PERFORM THE FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE OR LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT: THE REALITIES OF THE USE OF THE “FILTER” OF LEGAL CERTAINTY IN UKRAINE AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
T. O. Kolomoiets
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Broad Approach

The article substantiates the expediency of considering “anti-corruption restrictions” in relation to persons authorized to perform the functions of the state or local self-government in the aspect of compliance with the requirements of legal certainty in the use of their resource. Legal certainty (juridical security) is considered as an integral component of the rule of law, which combines the “substantive” (“quality” of the regulatory framework for using the resource of “anti-corruption” restrictions) and “procedural” (“quality” of law enforcement with respect to relevant restrictions) components that only collectively shape the phenomenon of legal certainty of “anti-corruption” restrictions. We consider appropriate to use a “broad” approach to understanding the legal certainty of “anti-corruption” restrictions, which combines the “substantive” and “procedural” legal certainty of corresponding restrictions, and enhancing the “quality” of anti-corruption legislation in terms of defining “anti-corruption” restrictions and the “quality” of its application practice makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of these restrictions as an anti-corruption “tool”. The “defects” of the “substantive” and “procedural” legal certainty of domestic “anti-corruption” restrictions are distinguished and compared with the “quality” of the corresponding components of the legal certainty of “anti-corruption” restrictions in foreign countries. Specific proposals are formulated to improve the “quality” of anti-corruption legislation in terms of fixing “anti-corruption” restrictions, the “quality” of anti-corruption enforcement practices (in terms of the terminological framework, the use of valuation concepts, techniques and technologies of anti-corruption rulemaking in the part of “anti-corruption” restrictions, law enforcement unification). The article substantiates the expediency of prudent borrowing of positive, tested by time and practice foreign experience of anti-corruption rulemaking and anti-corruption enforcement in the use of the resource of “anti-corruption” restrictions (minimization of evaluation provisions, extended conceptual series, duplication of criteria for determining limits of restrictions, minimization of blanket and referral standards, clarity and transparency of regulations, thematic generalizations of law enforcement practices) by which it is possible to ensure compliance of the “quality” of legal certainty of “anti-corruption” restrictions in Ukraine with international legal standards, consistency with foreign analogues as an effective anti-corruption “tool”.

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