scholarly journals The role of nutrients and probiotics in treatment of depression

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
N. G. Neznanov ◽  
G. V. Rukavishnikov ◽  
E. D. Kasyanov ◽  
M. A. Ganzenko ◽  
L. V. Leonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
The Impact

Currently, a growing amount of data is emerging on the role of various environmental factors (nutrients, gut microbiota, etc.) on formation of depression. The impact on these factors can be effective not only in treatment of major depressive disorder, but also in its early prevention. Therefore, a more detailed study of environmental factors in depression can lead both to a better understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disorder and to optimization of approaches to its treatment. The aim of the review was to assess the potential role of a number of environmental factors associated with nutritional aspects and characteristics of individual microflora, as well as to review the prospects of a strategy for affecting these factors in treatment and prevention of depression. 

scholarly journals The Role of Dynorphin and the Kappa Opioid Receptor in Schizophrenia and Major Depressive Disorder: A Translational Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel David Clark
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Kappa Opioid Receptor ◽  
Kappa Opioid ◽  
Major Depressive

AbstractThe kappa opioid receptor (KOR) and its endogenous ligands dynorphins (DYN) have been implicated in the development or symptomatology of a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. This review covers a brief history of the development of KOR agonists and antagonists, their effects in healthy volunteers, and the potential role of DYN/KOR dysfunction in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder from a translational perspective. The potential role of DYN/KOR dysfunction in schizophrenia is based on several lines of evidence. Selective KOR agonists induce affective states in healthy volunteers with similarities to the symptoms of schizophrenia. Studies have shown increased DYN in patients with schizophrenia, although the data have been mixed. Finally, meta-analytic data have shown that opioid antagonists are associated with reductions in the symptoms of schizophrenia. The potential role of DYN/KOR dysfunction in major depressive disorder is also based on a combination of preclinical and clinical data. Selective KOR agonists have shown pro-depressive effects in human volunteers, while selective KOR antagonists have shown robust efficacy in several preclinical models of antidepressant activity. Small studies have shown that nonselective KOR antagonists may have efficacy in treatment-resistant depression. Additionally, recent clinical data have shown that the KOR may be an effective target for treating anhedonia, a finding relevant to both schizophrenia and depression. Finally, recommendations are provided for translating preclinical models for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder into the clinic.

Ketamina, un nuevo agente terapéutico para la depresión

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Pérez-Esparza ◽  
Luis Fabián Kobayashi-Romero ◽  
Ana María García Mendoza ◽  
Reyna Minerva Lamas-Aguilar ◽  
Melissa Vargas Sosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Key Words Depression ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Rapid Action ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

Major depressive disorder affects about one in every 10 people in Mexico and is one of the first 5 causes of disability worldwide. Current treatment options are limited and only act upon some factors associated in its physiopathology. Moreover, the effects on depression are not immediate, which is a great limitation in obtaining a benefit over disability caused by this disorder and impedes a rapid action in the scenario of suicidality. Recently, ketamine (an anesthetic) has shown to have antidepressant properties by acting in the glutamate neurotransmission system (while no other current treatment acts on this level). It offers benefits in depressive symptoms in a matter of hours and has proven to be useful in patients that do not benefit from current therapeutic options. Recently, it has been approved for the treatment of depression. However, there are still many questions about its antidepressant mechanisms of action, safety, side effects, among others. Key words: Depression; antidepressants; ketamine.

Depression: A Primer for Rehabilitation Counselors

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Malachy Bishop ◽  
Elizabeth A. Swett
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Depressive State ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselor ◽  
Counseling Competency ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

Depression, whether it be in the form of major depressive disorder or a less severe depressive state, presents a unique set of problems and challenges to the rehabilitation counselor. In combination with a separate disabling condition, depression can make an already challenging rehabilitation situation even more complex. Along with variety in the degree and presentation of depression, there are almost constant developments in the treatment of depression, making it difficult for counselors to maintain a level of educational and counseling competency. This primer is an attempt to clarify and simplify the role of the rehabilitation counselor working with clients who are experiencing and being treated for depression. Presented within it are the diagnostic considerations, current pharmacological treatments, and counseling concerns related to working with clients with depression in a rehabilitation setting.

STUDY ON NEWER PSYCHIATRIC CASES VISITING OPD AFTER ONSET OF PANDEMIC COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
Krishna Mishra ◽  
Priyash Jain
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Health Status ◽  
General Population ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Classi Cation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction : It is predicted by the experts that there will be a steep rise in the number of psychiatric cases post covid-19 pandemic. It is important to gauge the situation of mental health in population to be able to provide mental health services in a better way. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of the pandemic and other factors contingent to the pandemic on the mental health status of general population. Materials and method: The study was done over a period of 1 month after the lockdown. Study was done on 160 patients visiting Psychiatry OPD th in Mental Hospital, Indore for the rst time. Patients were diagnosed using International classication of diseases- 10 edition. Results: In our study we found that a majority of 45 of the 160 patients were suffering from Major Depressive Disorder followed by 24 patients of 160 suffering from nonorganic unspecied psychosis. Conclusion: It is important to assess the number of psychiatry patients visiting OPD to be able to cater to the needs of general population. It is also important to assess any role of psychosocial factors operating during pandemic being responsible for any rise in number of psychiatric cases.

Gut Microbiome and Depression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gal Winter ◽  
Robert A. Hart ◽  
Richard P. G. Charlesworth ◽  
Christopher Sharpley
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Brain

Gut microbial diversity has been strongly associated with mood-related behaviors, including major depressive disorder (MDD), with an emerging potential to revolutionize both the diagnosis and treatment of depression. This article reviews the communication systems between the gut and the brain and the association between gut inflammatory conditions and depression. It further reviews the role of the gut microbiota in the treatment of depression, from pharmacological treatment to the use of probiotics and dietary treatments.

Depression – Let’s Talk - Role of Aashwasan Chikitsa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Vishal Naik ◽  
Prachi Datta Dalvi U.
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Suicidal Tendency ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Curative Therapy ◽  
Personal Interaction

The WHO theme for the year 2017 is Depression. Depression (major depressive disorder) is a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how a person feels, thinks and behaves. Psychotherapy if incorporated along with medications can be of substantial help in depression. It is also called ‘talking therapy’ and is based on personal interaction with the patient. Patients suffering from this disorder do not easily accept it and hence do not feel the need to seek medical intervention or counselling. In this process the symptoms might get aggravated and suicidal tendency (which is the worst effect of this disease) may develop. So it is extremely essential for the patient, family and society to accept, talk, discuss and seek treatment for this disease. This ‘talking therapy’ is of utmost importance in today’s life where concept of privacy is taking its toll. This therapy is mentioned in Ayurveda as Aashwasan Chikitsa. Aashwasan Chikitsa consists of good, pleasing and benevolent thoughts, spiritual ideas, positive attitude, ethics and communication with near ones. So in the treatment of psychological disorders, along with medications counselling therapy plays a very important role. Finally counselling can act as a part of preventive, curative therapy and also aids to avoid recurrence in the patients of depression.

Cardiac interoception in neurological conditions and its relevance for dimensional approaches

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Yoris ◽  
Adolfo M. García ◽  
Paula Celeste Salamone ◽  
Lucas Sedeño ◽  
Indira García-Cordero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Source ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions

Dimensional and transdiagnostic approaches have revealed multiple cognitive/emotional alterations shared by several neuropsychiatric conditions. While this has been shown for externally triggered neurocognitive processes, the disruption of interoception across neurological disorders remains poorly understood. This chapter aims to fill this gap while proposing cardiac interoception as a potential common biomarker across disorders. It focuses on key aspects of interoception, such as the mechanisms underlying different interoceptive dimensions; the relationship among interoception, emotion, and social cognition; and the roles of different interoceptive pathways. It considers behavioral and brain evidence in the context of an experimental and clinical agenda to evaluate the potential role of interoception as a predictor of clinical outcomes, a marker of neurocognitive deficits across diseases, and a general source of insights for breakthroughs in the treatment and prevention of multiple disorders. Finally, future directions to improve the dimensional and transdiagnostic assessment of interoception are outlined.

scholarly journals Cognition and Its Association with Psychosocial and Occupational Functioning during Treatment with Escitalopram in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A CAN-BIND-1 Report: La Cognition Et Son Association Avec Le Fonctionnement Psychosocial Et Professionnel Durant Le Traitement Par Escitalopram Chez Des Patients Souffrant De Trouble Dépressif Majeur: Une Étude Can-Bind-1

2020 ◽  
pp. 070674372097482
Author(s):  
Shane J. McInerney ◽  
Trisha Chakrabarty ◽  
Malgorzata Maciukiewicz ◽  
Benicio N. Frey ◽  
Glenda M. MacQueen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Occupational Functioning ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with impairments in both cognition and functioning. However, whether cognitive deficits significantly contribute to impaired psychosocial and occupational functioning, independent of other depressive symptoms, is not well established. We examined the relationship between cognitive performance and functioning in depressed patients before and after antidepressant treatment using secondary data from the first Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression-1 study. Methods: Cognition was assessed at baseline in unmedicated, depressed participants with MDD ( n = 207) using the Central Nervous System Vital Signs computerized battery, psychosocial functioning with the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and occupational functioning with the Lam Employment Absence and Productivity Scale (LEAPS). Cognition ( n = 181), SDS ( n = 175), and LEAPS ( n = 118) were reassessed after participants received 8 weeks of open-label escitalopram monotherapy. A series of linear regressions were conducted to determine (1) whether cognitive functioning was associated with psychosocial and occupational functioning prior to treatment, after adjusting for overall depressive symptom severity and (2) whether changes in cognitive functioning after an 8-week treatment phase were associated with changes in psychosocial and occupational functioning, after adjusting for changes in overall symptom severity. Results: Baseline global cognitive functioning, after adjusting for depression symptom severity and demographic variables, was associated with the SDS work/study subscale (β = −0.17; P = 0.03) and LEAPS productivity subscale (β = −0.17; P = 0.05), but not SDS total (β = 0.19; P = 0.12) or LEAPS total (β = 0.41; P = 0.17) scores. Although LEAPS and SDS scores showed significant improvements after 8 weeks of treatment ( P < 0.001), there were no significant associations between changes in cognitive domain scores and functional improvements. Conclusion: Cognition was associated with occupational functioning at baseline, but changes in cognition were not associated with psychosocial or occupational functional improvements following escitalopram treatment. We recommend the use of more comprehensive functional assessments to determine the impact of cognitive change on functional outcomes in future research.

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