Pharmaceutical Concern TEVA

2011 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
B. Dubson
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Pharmaceutical Group ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Insurance Funds

The author explores the case of the Israeli pharmaceutical group Teva. It is noted that in modern conditions there are favorable factors for an entry into the global market of the small-and medium-sized pharmaceutical firms producing equivalents of patented drugs. The current global trends such as the growth of living standards increase the number of elderly people, who are the main consumers of medications, and the emergence of new drugs to fight the previously incurable diseases significantly increase the demand for medicines. The total costs of purchasing the drugs are becoming increasingly onerous for patients, for all kinds of involved medical institutions (hospitals, medical offices, insurance funds, etc.) and for the governments. Therefore, there is a growing interest in replacing expensive original drugs by the same quality, but cheaper generics.

scholarly journals Drug Discovery Firms and Business Alliances for Sustainable Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3599
Author(s):  
Yoshimi Harada ◽  
Huayi Wang ◽  
Kota Kodama ◽  
Shintaro Sengoku
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
Platform Leadership ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Startup Firms

Biotech startup firms developing pharmaceutical seeds from scientific and technological innovation are burdened by significant Research & Development (R&D) expenses, long-term R&D operations, and low probability of R&D success. To address these challenges while sustainably creating innovations and new drugs, business alliances with existing pharmaceutical companies are one of the most important issues on the management agenda. The present study explores the necessity and significance of business alliances with pharmaceutical companies for the development of drug-discovery by Japanese biotech startup firms under high uncertainty. This study investigates the types of alliances to understand the origins of sustainability of these creative activities. First, we investigate and analyze the details of the partnership and its impact on the products under development based on the publicly available information of 16 drug discovery biotech startup firms in Japan that had become public since 2010. As a result, all firms continued their operations with the funds obtained from the business alliances with pharmaceutical firms at the time of their initial public offering (IPO). In addition, 56% of these firms’ alliance projects (n = 73) were seeded-out, and 32% seeded-in, indicating that they had adopted flexible alliance strategies not limited to seed-out ones. For sustainable going concern of the biotech startup business, it is valuable to consider multiple strategic options: “in-licensing and value up”, “best-in-class”, “platform leadership” and “first-in-class” depending on the characteristics of seeds and environmental restrictions.

Reforming Payment Methods for Basic Medical Insurance to Accommodate Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China : A Case Study of Shaanxi Province

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
FANG ZHOU ◽  
XIAOHAO ZHANG ◽  
ZHIGUO MA
Keyword(s):  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Payment Methods ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Basic Medical Insurance ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Insurance Funds ◽  
Basic Medical

Abstract Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) attaches importance to the philosophy of holism and disease prevention. Meanwhile, costs arising from TCM diagnosis and treatment services are relatively low. Such features cater to the needs of less developed countries and regions to increase the equity and accessibility of medical services and to save basic medical insurance funds. However, China’s current payment system for basic medical insurance fails to fully regard these features, thus unable to incent the demand for and supply of TCM services. Methods: Based on the analysis of the features or rather the advantages of TCM, the article, taking Shaanxi Province located in central China as an example, studies the status quo of economic development, coverage of TCM diagnosis and treatment services by basic medical insurance, implementation of payment methods for basic medical insurance in TCM medical institutions, and aims to explore the reformation of payment methods for basic medical insurance. Results: Statistics have shown that the economic power of Shaanxi Province is below average in China, as a result of which, Shaanxi Province is confronted with a general lack of basic medical insurance fund. On the other hand, the present payment methods for basic medical insurance fail to accommodate the features of TCM. Besides, only a very limited number of TCM medical institutions, service items and medicines are covered by basic medical insurance. Consequently, the advantages of TCM are not exploited to the full in a country that has always treasured TCM. Therefore, reformation in payment methods is pressing. Conclusion: In view of the economic and social development of Shaanxi Province, this article proposes to reform the payment methods for basic medical insurance by introducing a new medicinal-effect-based payment method to accommodate TCM. This payment method has the following four features. Firstly, it advocates strengthening process supervision of diagnosis and treatment activities in medical institutions, establishing a rating system for therapeutic or prophylactic effects, and implementing a reward and punishment mechanism accordingly. Secondly, special audit standards for TCM services shall be determined by the health care department of the people’s government together with the relevant TCM administrative department, more TCM institutions, service items and medicines shall be covered by basic medical insurance, and the negotiation mechanism with medical insurance institutions shall be adjusted. Thirdly, in pricing the fees and standards for TCM services, the price control administrations of the people’s government shall consult TCM experts, and dynamic price adjustments based on costs and professional technical values shall be made. Last but not least, outpatient diagnosis and treatment services shall be covered by basic medical insurance fund, a practice which will not only give full play to the advantages TCM services, but also help reduce the financial burden on patients and save medical insurance funds.

Enhancing Global Competency of Future Construction Professionals

2017 ◽  
pp. 272-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begum Sertyesilisik
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Employment Rate ◽  
Multicultural Teams ◽  
Global Competency ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Global Citizens ◽  
The Future ◽  
Globalized World

A globalized world requires future professionals to be global citizens; to perceive their market as a global market. Globalization challenges future professionals due to its potential impacts on the labour profile. Labour markets' skills and talents as well as their adaptation to the global trends can contribute to the sustainability of the labour market and to the competitiveness of the companies globally. This chapter focuses on the future construction professionals' global competency as the construction industry is labour intensive and site based. Site based nature of the construction industry requires construction professionals to work in different countries within multidisciplinary and multicultural teams. This chapter covers the following topics: construction industry's contribution to the economy and employment rate of the countries; globalization in the construction industry; globalization as a challenge for future construction professionals; impacts of the globalization on the future construction professionals' profile; education of future construction professionals.

scholarly journals Budgetary Impact of Covering “Me-Too” Drugs from Social Security: Buenos Aires State Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
Gustavo H. Marin ◽  
Lupe Marin ◽  
Daniel Agüero ◽  
Mariana Pagnotta ◽  
Gina Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Global Market ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Budgetary Impact ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Structure Similarity ◽  
The Cost ◽  
State Case

The majority of new drugs that are register at Health Global Market are not considered real innovations and due to their chemical structure similarity of reference’s group drug, they are known as “me-too”. These “me too” drugs has no additional therapeutic benefits but greatly increasing treatment´s. PURPOSE: To demonstrate the economic impact in Social Security budget by covering “me too” medicines. METHODS: An epidemiological-descriptive-analytical study was performed in order to analyze the burden of anti-hypertensive prescription from patients under coverage by Buenos Aires State Social Security. Two types of medicines were compared: “pioneer” or “me-too”. Variables considered were: type of drug, class or therapeutical group of medicines, global costs, burden for social security and for patients. RESULTS: From 185865 patients that received medication; in 121748 of the cases the strategy was monotherapy while 64117 received at least two or more medicines. 189714 were reference drugs while 64393 of them were considered “me-too”. In average, “me-too” drugs were 41.23% more expensive than classical treatment. The percentage covered by IOMA varies according to the medicines (between 45 to 51%) and patients must complete the amount of money remaining from their pockets. Paradoxically, the percentage covered by IOMA some “me-too” were greater than the percentage paid for most classic medications of each group. CONCLUSIONS: By only choosing the drug of reference, with proven effectiveness, from each therapeutical group, the State Social Security could cover 100% of the cost of all anti-hypertensive treatment and all patients even saving almost 2 million dollars per year. Keywords: Health, Policies, Medicines, Me too, Economical Burden, Coverage, anti-hypertensive

scholarly journals Main directions of optimization of recreation and health activities of the elderly

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
O. Andrieieva ◽  
A. Hakman
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Health Resorts

Recreational well-being in the elderly contributes to the preservation and enhancement of health, improving the adaptive capacity of their body, reducing the frequency of exacerbations of chronic diseases and improving the psycho-emotional sphere of man. The purpose of the research is to synthesize the basic directions of optimization of the recreational and health activity of elderly people   on the basis of theoretical analysis. Research methods: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, induction and deduction, comparison and generalization. Results: On the basis of theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature and our own experience, we have synthesized the main directions of recreational and recreational activity of the elderly, namely: places  of mass rest, University of the Third Age, All-Ukrainian Center for Physical Health of the Population "Sport for All", fitness -club, sanatorium and recreational establishments, health groups, interest groups in sports facilities, health groups in medical institutions.  In places of mass recreation, namely in parks of culture and recreation, by place of residence, elderly people can engage in recreational and recreational activities without taking into account their social, material status. Within the walls of a third-century university, recreational and recreational activities are a form of cognition, education and socialization for students of this institution. The "Recreation and Recreation Activities for Older Age" also includes "Sport for All", which helps to engage people in physical activity during leisure activities to promote health. In health resorts and recreational establishments, recreational and recreational activities are implemented in the rest mode, taking into account his health status and recreational resource of the establishment.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE GLOBALIZATION PROCESS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-362
Author(s):  
Zorica Siljanovska ◽  
Sreten Miladinovski ◽  
Elena Shalevska
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Corporate Governance System ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The corporate governance is concerned with both the rules and regulations and institutions that influence the management mode within corporations as well as the manner in which they allocate their resources and returns. The globalization process, especially, the global integration of financial markets, puts pressures on national systems and models of corporate governance to converge i.e. comply with the global trends and developments in the area of corporate governance by opening their economies towards the global markets. This paper analyzes this very issue, or, in other words, the impact of the globalization on corporate governance, with special focus on the Republic of Macedonia. Consequently, it is demonstrated that the Republic of Macedonia is included in the process of globalization, companies are interested in presence and competition on the global market, and therefore building a good corporate governance system is a need, not a choice. Moreover, the Republic of Macedonia has substantially harmonized its regulations pertaining to the corporate governance on the basis of the principles commonly accepted at an international level.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SOCIAL POLICY IN A CULTURALLY COMPLEX SOCIETY MANAGEMENT (THE CASE STUDY OF IRAN)

2020 ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
N. M. Mamedova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Economic Stratification ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Social

Social policy is among key priorities for Iran due to unique Islamic regime governance structure further cemented by the historic cultural and ethno-religious heterogeneity of Iranian society. The current Islamic republic governance is only four decades old, and the social policy as a part of the society management system is being shaped and developed considering both Islamic principles and the population ever changing needs. The article provides an analysis of the Islamic Republic of Iran social policy targets, trends and outcomes over the different periods of times as well as surveys various Islamic patterns for the population’s social support. The research evaluates the waqfs’ and Islamic foundations contribution shares as part of national rural and urban households spending. The author pays special attention to the different population categories’ living standards evolution, analysed both from the income standpoint, and the health care and educational systems, the households' utility services (including housing, electricity, drinking water, gas, etc.). The social justice achievement was stated as one of the main goals of the Islamic regime, and the author surveys the socio-economic stratification of the Iranian society, as well as the dynamics of poverty and inequality. These processes are driven by the domestic socio-economic policy to a large extent, but are also dependent on its correlation with the situation in global market. The author concludes that currently the support opportunities for the poorest become increasingly dependent on the external environment. That said, while the ideology had the most powerful impact on the society consolidation over the past decades, at present it is being replaced with quite pragmatic population’s aspirations such as the achievement of higher living standards, the ensured access to active participation in the economic and political life of the country.

A History of Modern Political Thought in East Central Europe

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Trencsenyi ◽  
Michal Kopeček ◽  
Luka Lisjak Gabrijelčič ◽  
Maria Falina ◽  
Mónika Baár
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Global Market ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Cycles ◽  
Local Traditions

A History of Modern Political Thought in East Central Europe is a two-volume synthetic overview, authored by an international team of researchers. Covering twenty national cultures and 250 years, it goes beyond the conventional nation-centered narratives and presents a novel vision especially sensitive to the cross-cultural entanglement of discourses. Its principal aim is to look at these cultures within the global “market of ideas” and also help rethink some of the basic assumptions about the history of modern political thought and modernity as such. The second volume starts with the repercussions of the collapse of multinational empires in the region (Habsburg, Hohenzollern, Ottoman, and Romanov) after the First World War, followed by multiple cycles of democratization and authoritarian backlash. Analyzing the intellectual paradigms and debates of the Stalinist and post-Stalinist decades it shows that although the imposed Sovietization had similar blueprints, it also entailed a negotiation with local intellectual traditions. At the same time, the book identifies paradigms, such as revisionist Marxism, which were eminently transnational and crossed the Iron Curtain. The phenomenon of dissidence is also analyzed from this perspective, paying attention both to local traditions and global trends. Last but not least, rather than achieving the coveted “end of history,” the liberal democratic order created in East Central Europe after 1989 became increasingly contested from left and right alike. Thus, instead of a comfortable conclusion pointing to the European integration of most of these countries, the book closes with pertinent questions about the fragility of the democratic order in this part of the world and beyond.

scholarly journals Significance of Competing Metabolic Pathways for 5F-APINACA Based on Quantitative Kinetics

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4820
Author(s):  
Anna O. Pinson ◽  
Dakota L. Pouncey ◽  
Mary A. Schleiff ◽  
William E. Fantegrossi ◽  
Paul L. Prather ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Global Market ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Steady State Kinetics ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Mechanistic Basis

In 2020, nearly one-third of new drugs on the global market were synthetic cannabinoids including the drug of abuse N-(1-adamantyl)-1-(5-pentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (5F-APINACA, 5F-AKB48). Knowledge of 5F-APINACA metabolism provides a critical mechanistic basis to interpret and predict abuser outcomes. Prior qualitative studies identified which metabolic processes occur but not the order and extent of them and often relied on problematic “semi-quantitative” mass spectroscopic (MS) approaches. We capitalized on 5F-APINACA absorbance for quantitation while leveraging MS to characterize metabolite structures for measuring 5F-APINACA steady-state kinetics. We demonstrated the reliability of absorbance and not MS for inferring metabolite levels. Human liver microsomal reactions yielded eight metabolites by MS but only five by absorbance. Subsequent kinetic studies on primary and secondary metabolites revealed highly efficient mono- and dihydroxylation of the adamantyl group and much less efficient oxidative defluorination at the N-pentyl terminus. Based on regiospecificity and kinetics, we constructed pathways for competing and intersecting steps in 5F-APINACA metabolism. Overall efficiency for adamantyl oxidation was 17-fold higher than that for oxidative defluorination, showing significant bias in metabolic flux and subsequent metabolite profile compositions. Lastly, our analytical approach provides a powerful new strategy to more accurately assess metabolic kinetics for other understudied synthetic cannabinoids possessing the indazole chromophore.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document