scholarly journals Investigation of the Safety of Radiopaque Compounds Based on Notification Cards on Adverse Reactions Registered in the Republic of Crimea

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 344-353
Author(s):  
A. V. Matveev ◽  
A. E. Krasheninnikov ◽  
E. A. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Drug Discontinuation ◽  
Immediate Hypersensitivity ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medicine Development ◽  
The Republic

Objective. At the present stage of medicine development, the use of X-ray contrast agents tends to grow constantly and more than 60 million doses of radiopaque compounds (ROCs) are annually used.The objective of the study was to investigate adverse reactions (ARs) arising from the use of ROCs in patients living in the Republic of Crimea.Material and methods. The objects of the study performed were 69 notification cards on ARs to ROCs, which were registered in the regional database (registry) of spontaneous messages called ARCADe (Adverse Reactions in Crimea, Autonomic Database) in 2009–2018.Results. A larger number of cases of ARs identified in the Republic of Crimea were due to the administration of water-soluble low-osmolar ROCs (iohexol, iopromide, iodixanol) to patients for kidney examination. The main clinical manifestations were immediate hypersensitivity reactions. The number of ARs posing a threat to a patient’s life exceeded 30% of all cases of ARs registered in the Republic of Crimea. Twelve patients (17.4%) required hospitalization or its prolongation to relieve an emerging AR; temporary disability due to ARs to ROCs were observed in 2 cases. The measures to reduce the severity of ARs included drug discontinuation and correction in 65 cases (94.2%). A drug suspected of causing ARs was not discontinued in 3 cases (4.3%); however, additional drugs were needed to correct the ARs.Conclusion. Investigating the safety of ROCs on the basis of analyzing the notification cards on ARs registered in the Republic of Crimea in 2009–2018 could confirm the severity and seriousness of these reactions established by other researchers, which requires an individual approach to choosing a ROC, its dose, as well as monitoring of a patient’s health status both during the administration of agents and soon after the end of diagnostic procedures using ROCs.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF MEDICALLY INDUCED SKIN REACTIONS BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF REPORTS OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA (FROM 2009 TO 2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Matveev ◽  
А. E. Krasheninnikov ◽  
E. A. Egorova ◽  
Е. I. Konyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Report Cards ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
The Republic

Drug hypersensitivity reactions are among the most important problems that arise when using drugs. The occurrence of such reactions in the population is at least 7% and tends to a constant increase. The most frequent manifestations of drug hypersensitivity reactions are medically induced skin lesions.The aimof this research was to study and analyze the cases of development of skin drug reactions on the basis of the reports on the adverse reactions (ADRs) of the drugs, registered in the Republic of Crimea in the period from 2009 to 2016.Materials and methods.The objects of the research were report cards about the adverse reactions, registered in the regional base (registry) of spontaneous messages called ARCADe (Adverse Reactions in Crimea, Autonomic Database) for the period from 2009 to 2016. During the analysis of the report cards, 2,698 cases of the development of skin drug reactions arising in response to the use of drugs in patients were selected. The study of the frequency of occurrence of skin drug reactions in the application of various groups of drugs was carried out taking into account the codes of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Сlassification System of drugs of the World Health Organization (WHO).Results.Of the study showed that the development of skin drug reactions was most often associated with the use of antimicrobial agents for internal use, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), drugs for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and agents that affect the nervous system. Among the clinical manifestations of skin drug reactions, generalized and localized rashes prevailed, and itching and hyperemia of the skin were much less common in patients. The analysis of age categories showed that the most frequently medically induced reactions occurred in children from birth to 3 years, as well as in the age group of patients from 46 to 60 years. The risk factors identified in the course of the analysis, were female gender, early childhood and old age, as well as the presence of aggravated drug allergy history.Conclusion.Drug hypersensitivity reactions create certain difficulties in clinical practice related to the diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis, and may also cause danger to health or life of patients. In this connection, the study of such adverse reactions is the most important task of practical health care and requires direct participation of doctors of all specialties.

scholarly journals The attitude of health workers to vaccination at the present stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
D V Lopushov ◽  
V A Trifonov ◽  
A A Imamov ◽  
F N Sabaeva ◽  
H D Shaykhrazieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Right

Aim. Evaluation of the awareness of health workers of vaccine prevention at the present stage. Methods. To achieve the aim, survey of health workers of the Republic of Tatarstan was conducted using the developed questionnaire. The coverage of survey was 3 250 people. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2010 programs. Results. The conducted study revealed that a significant proportion (95 %) of health workers were positive about vaccine prevention, were vaccinated themselves and vaccinated their children. The most prevalent forms of informing parents of vaccinated children about adverse reactions after vaccination are oral recommendations by the doctor and information sheets about adverse reactions. The majority of interviewed health workers (89.9 %) support the initiative to cancel the right of citizens to refuse vaccination. In the opinion of health workers, the main components of successful organization of vaccine prevention in the medical organization are availability and diversity of vaccines, the level of qualification of medical personnel, and equipment of the vaccination room. Less than half of health workers were trained in specialized training on immunoprevention. The majority of health workers (86.3 %) consider it necessary to expand the national schedule of preventive vaccinations of the Russian Federation. Conclusion. Organizational measures to inform health workers in various areas of vaccine prevention are needed to be taken; promising directions are organizing specialized courses on immunoprevention and discussion of relevant aspects of immunization of the population and adverse reactions in post-vaccination period.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTION REPORT FORMS ON THE MEDICINES, USED FOR AIDS TREATMENT (REGISTERED IN THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA IN THE PERIOD FROM 2011 TO 2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 568-583
Author(s):  
A. V. Matveev ◽  
A. Е. Krasheninnikov ◽  
E. A. Egorova ◽  
E. I. Konyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Republic

According to the data of the World Health Organization (WHO), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major global public health problem.The mainmethod of treating HIV is using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which is the use of multiple medicines acting on different viral targets. The timely onset of HAART can suppress the replication of the virus in the human body and helps to strengthen its immune system and restore its ability to fight infections. At the same time, the choice of medicines to improve the quality of life and patients’ compliance during antiretroviral therapy should be based on their effectiveness and safety. The aim of this research was to analyze and study the adverse reactions that occur in patients with HIV living in the territory of the Republic of Crimea, when using HAART.Materials and methods.The objects of research were 274 report cards about the adverse reactions, registered in the regional base (registry) of spontaneous messages called ARCADe (Adverse Reactions in Crimea, Autonomic Database) for the period from 2011 to 2016.Results.The results of the study showed that the most often adverse reactions were observed when using medicines of the group of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTI). This is explained by the inclusion of NRTI medicines as the main medicine in the method of HAART. Efavirenz (EFV) and Nevirapine (NVP) were absolute leaders among these groups of antiretroviral medicines. Among the combined antiviral medicines active against HIV, the most frequently adverse reactions were associated with the use of a combination of Lamivudine (3TC) and Zidovudine (ZDV). The main clinical manifestations of adverse reactions in the use of combination medicines for treating HIV were a decrease in the level of hemoglobin and the development of anemia. At the same time, in 85% of cases, the patients needed medication in order to correct the resulting adverse drug reaction (ADR). The combination of antiretroviral therapy has often been associated with the development of serious ADR. In case of monotherapy, the main clinical manifestations of adverse reactions were disorders of the central nervous system (dizziness, hallucinations, sleep disorders) and allergic reactions of varying severity (including 1 case of angioedema to “Eferven” (Efavirenz (EFV)),600 mg). Hereby, in almost half of the cases, the usage of antiretroviral medicines of the NRTI group and protease inhibitors caused the development of serious side effects. This confirms the necessity to study and analyze adverse reactions in order to increase the safety of patients’ pharmacotherapy and improve their quality of life.Conclusion.The study of adverse reactions to the medicines used for treatment of HIV is of a paramount importance in improving the safety and compliance of HIV patients to lifelong pharmacotherapy.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE SAFETY OF ANTIANEMIC PREPARATIONS BY METHOD OF THE SYSTEM OF PROBLEMS RELATED TO MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
A. V. Matveev ◽  
E. A. Egorova ◽  
E. I. Konyaeva ◽  
E. Yu. Bekirova ◽  
L. A. Adjimamutova
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Iron Protein ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
The Republic

Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide. Prevention and treatment of iron deficiency conditions are some of the most important health problems in many countries of the world. At the same time, the main problems for it remain the timely diagnosis, elimination of the cause, as well as the choice of replacement therapy with iron-containing drugs and correction of adverse reactions (ADR) that occur during their use.The aim. This research aims to study the peculiarities of the development of antianaemic drugs ADRs in patients living in the territory of the Republic of Crimea.Materials and methods. The objects of research were cases of ADR occurrence associated with the use of a group of antianaemic drugs and revealed during the 2009-2018 period in the territory of the Republic of Crimea. The main tasks in the analysis of notification forms were the study of the ADR severity, the causality assessment for suspected drugs and ADRs, as well as analysis of particular problems associated with the use of antianaemic drugs (Drug-related problems, DRP).Results. Iron supplements in combination with other drugs became the leaders in the incidence of ADR among antianaemic drugs (28 cases, 42.4% of all cases of ADR). The largest number of cases was registered in patients aged from 18 to 30 years, with female patients prevailing. Among the clinical manifestations of ADR, the most cases were drug hypersensitivity reactions of varying severity (40 cases) and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (18 cases). The study of the problems associated with the use of antianaemic drugs made it possible to determine that the highest rates of DRP values were observed with the use of iron preparations for parenteral use and cyanocobalamine. The minimal DRP values were observed when prescribing iron protein succinylate preparations.Conclusion. The basis of pharmacotherapy for various types of anemias is the replenishment of iron and vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) depots. The effectiveness of the treatment in these cases largely depends on the patient's adherence to treatment, which is, in turn, depends on the frequency and severity of ADRs that occur during the use of antianaemic drugs.

Nonionic Low-Osmolar Monomeric Iodinated Contrast Material: Some Aspects of use for Computed Tomography in Children

2017 ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
I. A. Kondrashov ◽  
V. Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Contrast Material ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Minimum Risk ◽  
Electrical Neutrality ◽  
Iodinated Contrast

Iodine containing contrast media are used much frequently now-a-days for computed tomography examinations in children. The group of non-ionic monomers occupies a special place among modern contrast agents. Low osmolarity and viscosity, electrical neutrality and the highest iodine content of these contrast materials provide the best diagnostic efficacy with minimum risk of adverse reactions. However, characteristic anatomic and physiological aspects of a growing child’s body require additional attention and care during diagnostic procedures with use of such contrast agents. This article presents concise literature review of recent years highlighting practical aspects of nonionic lowosmolar iodinated contrast material use for computed tomography assisted diagnostic examinations in child population.

PROBLEMS OF THE FORMATION OF REVENUES OF REGIONAL BUDGETS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
B. Kh. ALIYEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Budgetary Policy ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Regional Budgets

In the Russian Federation, the problem of budget planning becomes especially relevant when the pace of economic development slows down. The article examines the features of the formation of regional budgets, using the example of the budget of the Republic of Dagestan. The analysis of incomes to the budget is carried out. The role of regional taxes in the formation of budget revenues of the Republic of Dagestan is revealed. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the budgetary policy of the regions at the present stage of development of the Russian economies does not contribute to a further increase in the rates of economic growth. The article offers recommendations for improving the regional budgetary policy of the Russian Federation and increasing the responsibility of regional authorities.

Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-doped Fluorescent Carbon Dots for the Detection of Morin and Cell Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Xuebing Li ◽  
Haifen Yang ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Tijian Sun ◽  
Wei Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Doped Carbon Dots ◽  
Co Doped

Background: Morin has many pharmacological functions including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. It is commonly used in the treatment of antiviral infection, gastropathy, coronary heart disease and hepatitis B in clinic. However, researches have shown that morin is likely to show prooxidative effects on the cells when the amount of treatment is at high dose, leading to the decrease of intracellular ATP levels and the increase of necrosis process. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the concentration of morin in biologic samples. Method: Novel water-soluble and green nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (NSCDs) were prepared by a microwave heating process with citric acid and L-cysteine. The fluorescence spectra were collected at an excitation wavelength of 350 nm when solutions of NSCDs were mixed with various concentrations of morin. Results: The as-prepared NSCDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The fluorescence intensity of NSCDs decreased significantly with the increase of morin concentration. The fluorescence intensity of NSCDs displayed a linear response to morin in the concentration 0.10-30 μM with a low detection limit of 56 nM. The proposed fluorescent probe was applied to analysis of morin in human body fluids with recoveries of 98.0-102%. Conclusion: NSCDs were prepared by a microwave heating process. The present analytical method is sensitive to morin. The quenching process between NSCDs and morin is attributed to the static quenching. In addition, the cellular toxicity on HeLa cells indicated that the as-prepared NSCDs fluorescent probe does not show obvious cytotoxicity in cell imaging. Our proposed method possibly opens up a rapid and nontoxic way for preparing heteroatom doped carbon dots with a broad application prospect.

The role of microRNA in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury

MicroRNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrysanthos D. Christou ◽  
Georgios Tsoulfas
Keyword(s):  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Hepatic Ischemia ◽  
Humoral Factors ◽  
Early Graft ◽  
Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion

Introduction: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injuries are caused by complex interrelated mechanisms and pathways. Regarding the liver, I/R injuries and their clinical manifestations are crucial for the surgical outcome. Despite its importance, there is no broadly accepted therapy either for the prevention or for the management of I/R injury. I/R injury of the liver can occur either during hepatic surgery (warm) or during the transplantation procedure (cold). MicroRNAs play a pivotal role in the mechanism of I/R injury, as they regulate the expression of the cellular participants and humoral factors associated with I/R injury. Objective: In this review, we highlight the microRNAs that are involved in the I/R injury of the liver, and the molecular pathways that they regulate. In addition, we discuss the potential role of circulating microRNAs as biomarkers and their role as pharmacological targets in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of I/R injuries. Method: We conducted a comprehensive review of the PubMed bibliographic database regarding microRNAs and I/R injuries of the liver. Results: In diagnostics, microRNA panels could replace invasive diagnostic procedures, relieving patients of the associated complications. In therapeutics, microRNA agomirs, antagomirs and other drugs can be used to shift the balance between proapoptotic and survival pathways, to alleviate the liver damage caused by I/R. In transplantation procedures, microRNA profiling could decrease the incidence of early graft dysfunction, especially regarding marginal grafts. Conclusion: Although microRNAs seem a very promising clinical tool in the management of I/R injuries, further research is required, until microRNAs become a novel tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of an I/R injury of the liver.

Water soluble biguanide salts and their 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase

2020 ◽  
Vol 235 (10) ◽  
pp. 465-475
Author(s):  
Ozge Gungor ◽  
Seda Nur Kertmen Kurtar ◽  
Muhammet Kose
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Substitute Aniline ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nucleophilic Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Triazine Derivatives ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Solid State Structures

AbstractSeven biguanide derivatives were prepared by the nucleophilic reaction between dicyandiamide and p-substitute aniline derivatives or memantine or adamantine under acidic conditions. The cyclization of the biguanide compounds were also conducted via acetone to give 1,3,5-triazine derivatives. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by analytical methods. The solid state structures of [HL5]Cl, [H2L7]Cl2, [HL1a]Cl and [HL5a]Cl were investigated by X-ray diffraction study. The acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase inhibitor properties of the compounds were then evaluated by the spectroscopic method. The compounds were found to show considerable acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities compared to the approved drugs. The cyclization of biguanide derivatives with acetone did not affect inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, yet increased the α-glucosidase inhibition.

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