scholarly journals Ekstraksi Na-Alginat dari Rumput Laut Padina sp. Menggunakan Konsentrasi Kalium Hidroksida yang Berbeda

Biosfera ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Elza Septiani ◽  
Ginanjar Pratama ◽  
Raja Marwita Sari Putri
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Raw Material

The objective of this study was to obtain the best sodium alginate extract from Padina sp. with different potassium hydroxide concentration. Padina sp. was collected in coastal Senggarang, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands Province. The raw material of Padina sp. was extraction by potassium hydroxide with different concentration (0.6%, 0.8%, 1%).  We analyzed content of moisture, ash, yield, viscosity and pH. The best results obtained in the treatment with  a solution of KOH concentration 0,8% with content of moisture 10,87%, ash 31,24%, yield 17,82%, viscosity 275,50 cP and pH 8,21. 

scholarly journals Production of biodiesel from Annona muricata seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 01011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Leong Wong ◽  
Waye-Hong Lim ◽  
Jet Si ◽  
Man-Kee Lam ◽  
Yeek-Chia Ho
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Temperature Time

Biodiesel is one of the effective alternative fuels to overcome the problems associated with environmental issues and energy crisis. However, the production of biodiesel from edible oil has provoked the food versus fuel dispute. Thus, a non-edible crop, Annona muricata, is selected as the raw material to produce oil for biodiesel production. In this study, A. muricata oil was extracted with n-hexane at 70 °C for 6 h. Subsequently, the oil was transesterified with methanol and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce biodiesel. The significance of transesterification parameters including temperature, time, catalyst concentration, and oil-to-methanol ratio on biodiesel yield (%) was established through two-level factorial design. The factorial design shows that all parameters are significant. Besides, the high content of monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) in the resultant biodiesel suggests that A. muricata biodiesel could display good fuel quality. This hypothesis is proven by the excellent calorific value (39.21 MJ kg-1).

Preparation and Slow-Release Properties of Clay-Based Phosphatic Fertilizers

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 974-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Tian Yang ◽  
Guo Xiang Pan ◽  
Bin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Soil Leaching ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Phosphatic Fertilizers

With potassium dihydrogen phosphate acting as raw material, using grinding and adsorption methods to prepare diffrent kinds of clay-based phosphatic fertilizers. And later, using sodium alginate to coat the fertilizers. Choosing soil leaching method to evaluate their slow-release properties. The results indicate that carrier properties have great influences on slow-release properties, the effect of different carriers are as follows: bentonite > kaolin> common earth. The coordinated role of bentonite and hydrotalcite to the slow-release properties is better than the single role of bentonite. The coating of sodium alginate can improve the slow-release properties of clay-based fertilizers.

ELECTROPHORETIC HOMOGENEITY OF POLYSACCHARIDES IN MOLAR ALKALI

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ross Colvin ◽  
W. H. Cook ◽  
G. A. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
General Criterion ◽  
Clear Separation ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Electrophoretic Technique ◽  
Limited Class

The usefulness of electrophoretic patterns of polysaccharides in molar alkali as a general criterion of the purity of these substances has been studied. No clear separation of the components of a hemicellulose, of wheat starch, or of potato starch could be demonstrated. Similarly, mixtures of wheat starch and inulin, pectin and sodium alginate, laminarin and sodium alginate, inulin and wheat starch plus sodium alginate could not be resolved in 1 M potassium hydroxide. Nonetheless, mixtures of laminarin and sodium alginate separated rapidly at pH 6.8 and 10.4. Contrary to previous reports, it is shown that the electrophoretic technique cannot be used with confidence as a general criterion of the purity of polysaccharides in molar alkali. However, it may be applicable for the characterization and fractionation of a limited class of polysaccharides which are soluble close to neutrality.

Catalysts in Production of Biodiesel: A Review

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Narasimharao ◽  
Adam Lee ◽  
Karen Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Monohydric Alcohol ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Oil Type

Biodiesel is a renewable substitute fuel for petroleum diesel fuel which is made from nontoxic, biodegradable, renewable sources such as refined and used vegetable oils and animal fats. Biodiesel is produced by transesterification in which oil or fat is reacted with a monohydric alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. The process of transesterification is affected by the mode of reaction, molar ratio of alcohol to oil, type of alcohol, nature and amount of catalysts, reaction time, and temperature. Various studies have been carried out using different oils as the raw material and different alcohols (methanol, ethanol, butanol), as well as different catalysts, notably homogeneous ones such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and supercritical fluids or enzymes such as lipases. Recent research has focused on the application of heterogeneous catalysts to produce biodiesel, because of their environmental and economic advantages. This paper reviews the literature regarding both catalytic and noncatalytic production of biodiesel. Advantages and disadvantages of different methods and catalysts used are discussed. We also discuss the importance of developing a single catalyst for both esterification and transesterification reactions.

scholarly journals SIFAT FUNGSIONAL SEMI REFINED CARRAGEENAN (SRC) DARI RUMPUT LAUT EUCHEUMA COTTONII ASAL KABUPATEN SANGIHE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Obyn Pumpente ◽  
Jaka Frianto Putra Palawe
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Sulfate Content ◽  
Eucheuma Cottonii

Rumput  laut merupakan  salah  satu  komoditas  unggulan  sektor  perikanan  karena  permintaan  yang  terus meningkat untuk kebutuhan dalam negeri maupun untuk ekspor. Untuk  meningkatkan  nilai  tambah  dan  harga  jual, maka pengolahan rumput laut menjadi  produk  karaginan  perlu  dilakukan. Tetapi meskipun rumpu laut cukup melimpah di Kabupate Sangihe, sejauh  ini  belum  ada penelitian  mengenai  kualitas  tepung  karaginan  yang diolah  dari  rumput  laut  asal  pesisir  Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe.  Tujuan  penelitian  ini  adalah  untuk mendapatkan  konsentrasi  KOH  yang  menghasilkan  karaginan  terbaik  dan  mengkarakterisasi  sifat  fungsional  karagi­nan  rumput laut  Eucheuma cottonii  asal  Kampung Bulo, Kecamatan Tabukan Selatan, Kabu­paten Kepulauan Sangihe sedangkan manfaat  dari  penelitian  ini dapat memberikan informasi tentang prospek pengembangan  usaha  budidaya  rumput  laut di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe dan  prospek usaha  karaginan  sebagai  bahan  baku berbagai industri.  Metode Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, dengan mengamati sifat fungsional  dari pesisir Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe, prosedur penelitian dilakukan menggunakan dua tahap yaitu pada tahap pertama pengolahan SRC dengan perlakuan konsentrasi potasium hidroksida 4%, 6%, 8% dan 10%, suhu 80°C dan waktu proses 2 jam, tahap kedua yakni analisis sifat fungional dan rendemen. Penggunaan kalium hidroksida pada proses pembuatan SRC telah memenuhi standar mutu. Kisaran nilai rendemen sebesar 48.49-52.04%, nilai kekuatan gel yakni sebesar 279.59-394.22g/cm2, nilai viskositas didapatkan sebesar 22.08-35.79 cP, nilai kadar sulfat berkisar 18.13-25.43%. Nilai sifat fungsional SRC dari rumput laut  Eucheuma cottonii  asal  Kampung Bulo, Kecamatan Tabukan Selatan, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan oleh FAO dan BSN.   Seaweed is one of the promising fisheries commodities because of its increasing de­mand for both domestic and export needs. To increase added value and price, it is necessary to process seaweed into carrageenan products. However, despite the economic potential of carrageenan and the abundance of seaweed in Sangihe Islands, no research has addressed the quality of carrageenan from seaweed of this region. This study aimed to obtain the best KOH concentration for producing the best carrageenan from Euchema cottonii of Bulo village Nusa Tabukan district Sangihe Islands and to characterize its carrageenan functional properties. The benefit of this research included to provide information regarding the prospects of developing sea­weed cultivation in the regency and semi refined carrageenan (SRC) supply as raw material for various industries. The functional properties of semi SRC were determined by using two step analyses. First, SRC was treated with different concentration of potassium hydroxide (4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) KOH at 80°C and for 2 hours. Then, it was followed by analysis of SRC’s functional properties and yields. The results showed yield of 48.49 to 52.04%, gel strength of 279.59-394.22g /cm2, viscosity of 22.08-35.79 cP and sulfate content of 18.13-25.43%. These SRC’s functional properties of E. cottonii from Sangihe Is­lands Regency and the KOH concentration used in this study met the standards set by FAO and BSN.

Study on the Preparation of New Thickener in Reactive Printing

2013 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Tan ◽  
Chang Nan Liu ◽  
Xiu Na Chen ◽  
Jia Li Ma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Fine Pattern ◽  
Large Flower

As thickener in reactive printing, sodium alginate had the following disadvantages, bad rheology, edge infiltration of the printed fine pattern, large flower permeability etc. Taking starch as raw material, Taking starch as raw material, we adopted stepwise alkaline process in this paper to prepare modified starch as the printing paste, in order to improve sodium alginate paste. to select suitable new printing paste to print fine pattern. We tested the physical properties such as viscosity, rheology, holding water etc,

Loofah Activated Carbon Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Microspheres with High Efficiency Cyclic Adsorption for Antibiotic Contaminants

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225
Author(s):  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Wenyao Li ◽  
Kenan Zhang ◽  
Haishun Jiang ◽  
Tao Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Alginate Hydrogel ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Solution ◽  
Cyclic Adsorption

The global abuse of antibiotics has led to many environment problems such as water pollution and drug-resistant bacteria. In this study, pure natural loofah was used as raw material to form powdered loofah activated carbon (LAC) after high temperature carbonization annealing, and sodium alginate (SA) with gel ability was combined to prepare loofah activated carbon sodium alginate (LAC-SA) hydrogel sphere by external emulsification method. This work showed that the adsorption mechanisms of LAC-SA microspheres for the three antibiotics of ofloxacin (OFO), tetracycline (TC) and norfloxacin (NFO) were in line by the psedosecond-order and the formula of Langmuir. The ofloxacin (OFO) antibiotic solution was used as a sample for cyclic adsorption experiment for 10 times and the cumulative adsorption amount exceeded 700 mg g–1.

scholarly journals Researches Regarding a Protein Hydrolysate Used as Adjuvant in Fertilization Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Elena Mihaela NAGY ◽  
Constantin COȚA ◽  
Nicolae CIOICA ◽  
Zoltan GYORGY ◽  
Lucian FECHETE-TUTUNARU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Urea Content ◽  
High Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Within the paper the results of conducted researches in order to obtain a protein hydrolysate from wool waste as raw material are presented. The experiments were conducted in two variants: a) alkaline hydrolyse using potassium hydroxide, a mix of potassium hydroxide with urea and a mix of potassium hydroxide with sodium hydroxide as well as b) acidic hydrolyse with sulfuric acid or a mix of sufuric acid with phosphoric acid in different proportions. The parameters intervals used were: pH 0,5-2,5 for acidic hydrolyse and pH 9,5-13,5 for the alkalinic one; temperatures between 120-150 °C and pressures between 1,4-4,6 bar. Acid hydrolysis is favored by the high proportion of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, a low pH and from high temperature and pressure. The alkaline hydrolysis is favored by a pH higher then 12 as well as the urea content. A high temperature and pressure has a beneficial effect over alkaline hydrolysis.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS OF ENCAPSULATED OILS AND THEIR SHELL PRODUCTION USING SODIUM ALGINATE

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Olga Neklesa ◽  
Evgeniya Korotayeva ◽  
Oleksander Nagorniy
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Shell Production ◽  
White Sugar

The use of sodium alginate and realization of its chemical potential in technology of encapsulated oils provide thermostable properties of shell that widens the assortment of new types of oil-fat products with given geometric form and improved consumption properties, prolonged storage terms. The stable technological process of encapsulated oil production is provided by involvement of third substance – white sugar into recipe composition of sodium alginate water solution. Scientific-technical substantiation of the composition of structurized edible shells of dosed encapsulated oils is provided by the parameters of such systems that determine technological cycle of production and of the work of special equipment for its industry receiving. The technology of shells of encapsulated oils and rational concentrations of recipe components were elaborated. The introduction of density regulator –white sugar – in concentration 23,0 % into the composition of capsule-creating solution that allowed determine organoleptic and structural-mechanical parameters Efr = (10,0…21,5) × 103 Pа was substantiated. Determination of technological properties of the shell of encapsulated oils gives preconditions for the industrial production that allows widen the assortment of oil-fat raw material, encapsulated charging and widen the area of the use of industrial encapsulated product for culinary at institutions of restaurant economy.

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