scholarly journals Energy efficiency is the most important indicator of the quality of food grinders

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
O. V. Islamova ◽  
A. Z. Tokov ◽  
F. A. Ataeva
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Taper Angle ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Blade Cutting

A brief analysis of the methods of grinding technological raw materials from the standpoint of energy efficiency has been performed. Studies show that cutting (grinding) the feedstock into pieces of a certain size is the most energy-intensive. Existing designs of cutting elements of grinding mechanisms (cutting blade, cutting edge) are not optimal from the standpoint of energy efficiency. For example, the cutting blade in the working hole has a taper angle of 90°, and the taper angle of the cutting blade on the blades of the movable knife is also in the range of 80–90°. It is proposed to make the sharpening angles of the cutting blades on the blades of a movable knife equal to 5–8°. In addition, the blades of such a knife should have the shape of a classic wedge in all cross sections. Reducing the angle of sharpening of the cutting blade in the working hole of the grill to such values does not succeed in terms of design features (in particular, without violating transparency indicators). The reserves of reducing the angle of sharpening of the cutting blade in the working hole are shown (this angle can be less than 90°). The performed studies indicate that the smaller the energy costs for grinding the feedstock, the less it is rubbed and squeezed out of the holes of the grate. It can be assumed that the organoleptic properties did not deteriorate after grinding (but remained). The lower the transparency of the lattice, the grinding process is more energy-consuming. The smaller the sharpening angles of the cutting blades of the knives, the more energy-efficient the grinding process. The worse the quality of the crushed raw materials, for example, meat, which is characterized by the excessive presence of connective and cartilage tissues, films, etc., the more energy-efficient is the grinding process with knives with cutting blades with minimal sharpening angles.

scholarly journals Potential climate change mitigation of Indian Construction Industry through a shift in energy efficient technology by 2050

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Jajal ◽  
Trupti Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Reference Scenario ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Energy Efficient Technology ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

Abstract. Climate change is a growing concern that is attracting international efforts. India, as a developing country, has committed to reducing its emission intensity of GDP up to 30 %–35 % by 2030. The emission intense sectors would be targeted to achieve climate commitment. One of the emission intense sector is construction raw material manufacturing that contributes 10 % share in the total emissions making it one of the potential mitigation sector. The study examines emissions from the construction raw materials namely, cement, steel, and brick manufacturing and presents two emission scenarios up to 2050. Energy efficient scenario (S2) is compared with a reference scenario (S1) developed based on a bottom-up approach. The results indicate that a moderate energy efficiency improvements and technological shifts lead to a decrease in emissions of 72 MT CO2 by 2030 and 137 MT CO2 by 2050. Further, the steel industry has the highest reduction potential, as the current technologies are energy inefficient. Similarly, the current dependency on fired bricks may be shifted to cement setting blocks leading to emission reductions. Cement manufacturing, on the other hand, shows limited scope for emission reduction that may be achieved through energy efficiency improvements. Efforts towards energy efficiency improvements in construction raw material manufacturing would result in reductions beyond the existing commitment of the Paris Agreement for India by 2030.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Optimization of Cognitive UAV-Assisted Edge Communication for Semantic Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yilong Gu ◽  
Yangchao Huang ◽  
Hang Hu ◽  
Weiting Gao ◽  
Yu Pan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Optimization Scheme ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
The Internet Of Things

With the consolidation of the Internet of Things (IoT), the unmanned aerial vehicle- (UAV-) based IoT has attracted much attention in recent years. In the IoT, cognitive UAV can not only overcome the problem of spectrum scarcity but also improve the communication quality of the edge nodes. However, due to the generation of massive and redundant IoT data, it is difficult to realize the mutual understanding between UAV and ground nodes. At the same time, the performance of the UAV is severely limited by its battery capacity. In order to form an autonomous and energy-efficient IoT system, we investigate semantically driven cognitive UAV networks to maximize the energy efficiency (EE). The semantic device model for cognitive UAV-assisted IoT communication is constructed. And the sensing time, the flight speed of UAV, and the coverage range of UAV communication are jointly optimized to maximize the EE. Then, an efficient alternative algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem. Finally, we provide computer simulations to validate the proposed algorithm. The performance of the joint optimization scheme based on the proposed algorithm is compared to some benchmark schemes. And the simulation results show that the proposed scheme can obtain the optimal system parameters and can significantly improve the EE.

scholarly journals Ultrasound for Drug Synthesis: A Green Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Draye ◽  
Gregory Chatel ◽  
Romain Duwald
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Drug Synthesis ◽  
Energy Consuming

This last century, the development of new medicinal molecules represents a real breakthrough in terms of humans and animal life expectancy and quality of life. However, this success is tainted by negative environmental consequences. Indeed, the synthesis of drug candidates requires the use of many chemicals, solvents, and processes that are very hazardous, toxic, energy consuming, expensive, and generates a large amount of waste. Many large pharmaceutical companies have thus moved to using green chemistry practices for drug discovery, development, and manufacturing. One of them is the use of energy-efficient activation techniques, such as ultrasound. This review summarizes the latest most representative works published on the use of ultrasound for sustainable bioactive molecules synthesis.

A Virtual Machine Placement Algorithm with Energy-Efficiency in Cloud Computing

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-36
Author(s):  
Yu Cai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Virtual Machines ◽  
Live Migration ◽  
Vm Placement ◽  
Server Cluster ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Resource Requirements ◽  
Placement Algorithm

Energy efficient virtual machines (VM) management and distribution on cloud platforms is an important research subject. Mapping VMs into PMs (Physical Machines) requires knowing the capacity of each PM and the resource requirements of the VMs. It should also take into accounts of VM operation overheads, the reliability of PMs, Quality of Service (QoS) in addition to energy efficiency. In this article, the authors propose an energy efficient statistical live VM placement scheme in a heterogeneous server cluster. Their scheme supports VM requests scheduling and live migration to minimize the number of active servers in order to save the overall energy in a virtualized server cluster. Specifically, the proposed VM placement scheme incorporates all VM operation overheads in the dynamic migration process. In addition, it considers other important factors in relation to energy consumption and is ready to be extended with more considerations on user demands. The authors conducted extensive evaluations based on HPC jobs in a simulated environment. The results prove the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

scholarly journals ENERGY EFFICIENT DRYING OF SEEDS OF CEREAL CROPS

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Vadym Paziuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Seed Material ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Low Temperature Drying

Many researchers at different times have been engaged in drying cereals to preserve their nutritional properties, which is associated with the biochemical properties of materials. The technologies for drying grain crops have been developed and improved with the given recommendations aimed at carrying out the drying process at high temperatures (above 100 ° C). But the increased requirements for seed grains and the associated high energy costs do not allow the drying process to be carried out efficiently, since with large grain volumes this leads to a significant increase in material costs. The study of the laws of drying of seeds of cereals in view of improving the energy efficiency of the process is relevant. Energy efficiency is one of the main parameters influencing the choice of drying mode. In traditional technologies for drying seed material, it is dried at low temperatures, which does not allow to significantly intensify the process by increasing the temperature of the coolant, as this significantly reduces the quality of the material. The state of the art makes it possible to more accurately investigate and analyze the drying processes of cereal seeds with automatic processing and plotting of drying kinetics. The results of previous researchers were conducted on existing grain dryers, in which it is difficult to evaluate and give the correct recommendations for drying the seed material. This is due to the peculiarities of the drying process and the design of the grain dryer. To adequately assess the drying regimes, studies of drying seeds of cereals at low temperatures were carried out to preserve the seed properties of the material. To increase the energy efficiency of the drying process, a step-by-step descending low-temperature drying mode is proposed, which provides the required quality of seed material. All the proposed technical solutions for the introduction of energy-efficient regimes in the process of drying grain seeds were implemented in the recommendations for industrial drying in mine direct-flow grain dryers.

IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF OPERATION OF MOBILE CRUCIFORM KNIVES GRINDERS OF FOOD

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
П.Л. АТАЕВ ◽  
О.В. ИСЛАМОВА ◽  
А.З. ТОКОВ
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Horizontal Component ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Wedge Surface ◽  
Angle Alpha

Рассмотрены конструкции крестообразных ножей измельчителей пищевого сырья. На основе анализа сил, действующих на лопасть ножа в процессе его вращения, и расчетов показано, что при прочих равных условиях уменьшением величины угла заострения клина можно уменьшить значение горизонтальной составляющей силы резания и силу трения между поверхностью клина и решеткой, тем самым повысить энергоэффективность процесса измельчения. Предложена конструкция крестообразного подвижного ножа, лопасти которого имеют во всех поперечных сечениях форму классического клина с углом альфа при вершине величиной не более 612. Оптимальная величина угла альфа между поверхностью лопасти и решеткой 23. По предложенной конструкции были изготовлены подвижные крестообразные ножи. Проведенные испытания показали, что энергозатраты на процесс измельчения мяса при использовании подвижных крестообразных ножей предложенной конструкции были на 3032 ниже по сравнению с энергозатратами на процесс измельчения подвижными ножами, имеющими форму параллелограмма. The designs of mobile cruciform knives grinders of food are considered. Based on the analysis of the forces acting on the blade of the knife in the process of its rotation and calculations, it is shown that, ceteris paribus, a decrease in the value of the wedge sharpening angle can reduce the horizontal component of the cutting force and the friction force between the wedge surface and the grid, thereby increasing the energy efficiency of the grinding process. The design of a mobile cruciform knife, the blades of which have in all cross sections the shape of a classical wedge with an angle alpha at the top of no more than 612, is proposed. The optimum value of the angle alpha between the surface of the blade and the grid is 23. Movable cruciform knives were made according to the proposed design. Tests have shown that the energy consumption of the grinding process the meat when using a movable cruciform knives of the proposed construction was on a 3032 lower compared to the energy consumption of the grinding process with movable blades having the shape of a parallelogram.

scholarly journals The Sealing Step in Aluminum Anodizing: A Focus on Sustainable Strategies for Enhancing Both Energy Efficiency and Corrosion Resistance

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Udochukwu Ofoegbu ◽  
Fábio A.O. Fernandes ◽  
António B. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Anodic Oxide ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Anodization Process ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Aluminum Anodization

Increasing demands for environmental accountability and energy efficiency in industrial practice necessitates significant modification(s) of existing technologies and development of new ones to meet the stringent sustainability demands of the future. Generally, development of required new technologies and appropriate modifications of existing ones need to be premised on in-depth appreciation of existing technologies, their limitations, and desired ideal products or processes. In the light of these, published literature mostly in the past 30 years on the sealing process; the second highest energy consuming step in aluminum anodization and a step with significant environmental impacts has been critical reviewed in this systematic review. Emphasis have been placed on the need to reduce both the energy input in the anodization process and environmental implications. The implications of the nano-porous structure of the anodic oxide on mass transport and chemical reactivity of relevant species during the sealing process is highlighted with a focus on exploiting these peculiarities, in improving the quality of sealed products. In addition, perspective is provided on plausible approaches and important factors to be considered in developing sealing procedures that can minimize the energy input and environmental impact of the sealing step, and ensure a more sustainable aluminum anodization process/industry.

scholarly journals Improving Energy Efficiency of Multimedia Content Dissemination by Adaptive Clustering and D2D Multicast

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Yin ◽  
Jinsong Gui ◽  
Zhiwen Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Multimedia Content ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Multicast Group ◽  
Content Dissemination ◽  
Adaptive Clustering ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Multicast Communications

While achieving desired performance, there exist still many challenges in current cellular networks to support the multimedia content dissemination services. The conventional multimedia transmission schemes tend to serve all multicast group members with the data rate supported by the receiving user with the worst channel condition. The recent work discusses how to provide satisfactory quality of service (QoS) for all receiving users with different quality of experience (QoE) requirements, but the energy efficiency improvement of multimedia content dissemination is not its focus. In this paper, we address it based on adaptive clustering and device-to-device (D2D) multicast and propose an energy-efficient multimedia content dissemination scheme under a consistent QoE constraint. Our scheme extends the recent work with the proposed K-means-based D2D clustering method and the proposed game-based incentive mechanism, which can improve energy efficiency of multimedia content dissemination on the premise of ensuring the desired QoE for most multicast group members. In the proposed scheme, we jointly consider the cellular multicast, intracluster D2D multicast, and intercluster D2D multicast for designing the energy-efficient multimedia content dissemination scheme. In particular, we formulate the energy-efficient multicast transmission problem as a Stackelberg game model, where the macro base station (MBS) is the leader and the candidate D2D cluster heads (DCHs) are the followers. Also, the MBS acts as the buyer who buys the power from the candidate DCHs for intracluster and intercluster D2D multicast communications, and the candidate DCHs act as the sellers who earn reward by helping the MBS with D2D multicast communications. Through analyzing the above game model, we derive the Stackelberg equilibrium as the optimal allocation for cellular multicast power, intracluster D2D multicast power, and intercluster D2D multicast power, which can maximize the MBS’s utility function. Finally, the proposed scheme is verified through the simulation experiments designed in this paper.

scholarly journals Substantiation of the Energy Efficient Schedules of Drying Grain Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 14(63) (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Vadim PAZIUK ◽  
◽  
Vitalii VYSHNEVSKIY ◽  
Oleksii TOKARCHUK ◽  
Ihor KUPCHUK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Column Type ◽  
Process Energy ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Low Temperature Drying ◽  
Required Quality ◽  
Heat Agent

It is important to study the patterns of drying grain seeds in order to improve the energy efficiency of the process. Energy efficiency is one of the main parameters that define the choice of a drying schedule. Traditional drying technologies are based on low temperature schedules, which do not allow significantly intensifying the process by increasing the temperature of the heat agent because of substantial reductions in the quality of the material. To adequately assess the drying schedules, we conducted the study of drying grain seeds at low temperatures aimed to preserve the seed properties of the material. To increase the energy efficiency of the drying process, a step-by-step descending low-temperature drying schedule was suggested, which provides for the required quality of seed material. All the proposed technical solutions for the energy-efficient schedules of drying grain seeds were summarized in the recommendations for industrial drying in column type direct-flow grain dryers.

scholarly journals An Energy-Efficient Secure Forwarding Scheme for QoS Guarantee in Wireless Sensor Networks

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1418
Author(s):  
Dongwan Kim ◽  
Jaekeun Yun ◽  
Daehee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Qos Guarantee ◽  
End To End ◽  
Qos Requirement

Many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications require both security and quality-of-service (QoS) to be guaranteed simultaneously. However, ensuring both security and QoS is not trivial in WSNs since security normally has bad impact on QoS. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient secure forwarding method that minimizes energy consumption while meeting both security and QoS requirements at the same time. To accomplish this goal, we alternatively use hop-by-hop security for conserving energy through data aggregation and end-to-end security to satisfy the QoS requirement. We further analyze why hop-by-hop security with data aggregation provide better energy efficiency than end-to-end security without aggregation in detail. The simulation result shows that our proposed method outperforms other scheme in terms of energy efficiency while meeting both QoS and security.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document