scholarly journals Cave Pearl Data Logger – A flexible Arduino-based Logging Platform for Long-Term Monitoring in Harsh Environments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Beddows ◽  
Edward K. Mallon
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Cave System ◽  
Ready Availability ◽  
Term Monitoring

A low-cost data logging platform is presented for environmental monitoring projects that provides long-term operation in remote or submerged environments. Three premade “breakout boards” from the open-source Arduino ecosystem are assembled into the core of the platform. The components are selected based on low-cost and ready availability, making the loggers easy to build and modify without specialized tools, or a significant background in electronics. Power optimization techniques are explained. The platform has proven to be highly reliable, and capable of operating for more than a year on standard AA batteries. The flexibility of the system is illustrated with two ongoing field studies recording drip rates in a cave, and water flow in a flooded cave system.

Instrumentation for the remote monitoring of physiological and behavioral variables

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1974-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Physiology ◽  
Dive Depth ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Northern Elephant Seals ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Term Monitoring

Few commercial products are available for investigators who wish to monitor multiple physiological and behavioral variables in unrestrained subjects. When telemetry is not practical, e.g., in studies of at-sea diving physiology, one of the only options is to design and build a custom data-logging instrument. This paper describes how a data logger was developed for the successful long-term monitoring of dive depth, swim speed, heart rate, water temperature, and multiple body temperatures from free-ranging northern elephant seals. The task was facilitated by using a commercially available single-board computer designed specifically for portable multichannel data acquisition and, where possible, off-the-shelf sensors/transducers available with integrated signal-conditioning circuits. A smaller data logger for monitoring the electrocardiogram, body temperature, and dive behavior of double-crested cormorants is also described to illustrate the flexibility and simplicity of this approach. Although it is customized for diving animals, with incorporation of the appropriate sensors the basic design should be applicable to studies of comparative, environmental, or exercise physiology involving most medium-to-large animals, including humans.

scholarly journals The Development of a Sub-Surface Monitoring System for Organic Contamination in Soils and Groundwater

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1101-1107
Author(s):  
Sharon L. Huntley ◽  
Lawrence J. Ritchie ◽  
Steven J. Setford ◽  
Selwayan Saini
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Organic Contamination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Term Monitoring

A major problem when dealing with environmental contamination is the early detection and subsequent surveillance of the contamination. This paper describes the potential of sub-surface sensor technology for the early detection of organic contaminants in contaminated soils, sediments, and landfill sites. Rugged, low-power hydrocarbon sensors have been developed, along with a data-logging system, for the early detection of phase hydrocarbons in soil. Through laboratory-based evaluation, the ability of this system to monitor organic contamination in water-based systems is being evaluated. When used in conjunction with specific immunoassays, this can provide a sensitive and low-cost solution for long-term monitoring and analysis, applicable to a wide range of field applications.

License Renewal: Status of Long Term Operation in the U.S.

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry G. Young
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Renewal Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nuclear Plant ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
License Renewal ◽  
The U.S

As of February 2008, the NRC has approved renewal of the operating licenses for 48 nuclear units and has applications under review for 15 more units. In addition, nuclear plant owners for at least 25 more units have announced plans to submit license renewal applications over the next few years. This brings the total of renewed licenses and announced plans for license renewal to over 80% of the 104 currently operating nuclear units in the U.S. This paper presents some of the factors that have made the U.S. license renewal process so successful. These factors include (1) the successful regulatory process and on-going continuous improvement of that process, (2) long-term safe plant operation trends, (3) stable low-cost generation of electricity, (4) high levels of plant reliability, and (5) improving public opinion trends.

scholarly journals Long-Term Monitoring of Atrazine Contamination in Soil by ELISA

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Kramer ◽  
Johann Lepschy ◽  
Bertold Hock
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Sample Throughput ◽  
Atrazine Contamination ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Hplc Data

Abstract An enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used for screening atrazine residues in soil. Samples were annually collected in Southern Germany between 1993 and 1998. An average of 419.5 samples was analyzed per year amounting to 2517 samples. The fraction of positive samples defined by atrazine concentrations >100 μg/kg soil decreased successively from 8% (corresponding to 33 samples) in 1993 to 0.6% (corresponding to 2 samples) in 1998. All positive samples and a selection of negative samples were subsequently validated by HPLC. Comparison of ELISA and HPLC data yielded correlation coefficient values of r= 0.958–0.981 (n= 18–47), except for 1995 when only a correlation of r= 0.864 (n= 18) was obtained. Four samples were overestimated and another 4 were underestimated with respect to the atrazine threshold value of 100 μg/kg soil as revealed by HPLC validation. Thus, 99.68% of 2517 analyzed samples were correctly evaluated. The precision and reproducibility of the ELISA were adequate for a prescreening tool. The low cost per sample and the high sample throughput are not yet achievable by conventional analytical methods. The described combination of ELISA and HPLC has the potential to take advantage of both methods and to restrict determination errors to a minimum.

On the self-calibrated absolute vector data produced by the ASM absolute magnetometers on board the Swarm satellites, results and prospect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gauthier Hulot ◽  
Pierre Vigneron ◽  
Jean-Michel Léger ◽  
Thomas Jager
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Nominal Data ◽  
Product Report ◽  
Scalar Data ◽  
Swarm Satellites ◽  
Geomagnetic Field Models ◽  
Term Monitoring

<p>Satellites of the ESA Swarm mission carry Absolute Scalar Magnetometers (ASM) that provide the nominal 1 Hz scalar data of the mission and allow the calibration of the nominal fluxgate vector magnetometry payload. ASM instruments, however, also provide independent 1 Hz experimental self-calibrated ASM-V vector data. More than six years of such data have been produced since the launch of the mission in November 2013. They allow the construction of global geomagnetic field models fully capable of capturing the fast temporal evolution of the core field, illustrating the ability of the ASM instruments to operate as a stand-alone instrument for advanced geomagnetic investigations. In this presentation we will provide the latest update on the ASM-V data (soon to be released as a new Swarm product), report on our ongoing efforts to further use these data to improve the nominal data of the mission, and discuss the prospect offered by the planned use of a miniaturized version of this ASM on board the satellites of the NanoMagSat constellation. This nano-satellite project is currently undergoing a 6 months consolidation study funded by the ESA Scout mission program. With a launch planned in 2024, it aims at forming the basis of a low-cost constellation for permanent long-term monitoring of the geomagnetic field and ionospheric environment from space.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of RNAlater™ as a field-compatible preservation method for metaproteomic analyses of bacteria-animal symbioses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Jensen ◽  
Juliane Wippler ◽  
Manuel Kleiner
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Field Deployment ◽  
Protein Preservation

Field studies are central to environmental microbiology and microbial ecology as they enable studies of natural microbial communities. Metaproteomics, the study of protein abundances in microbial communities, allows to study these communities ‘in situ’ which requires protein preservation directly in the field as protein abundance patterns can change rapidly after sampling. Ideally, a protein preservative for field deployment works rapidly and preserves the whole proteome, is stable in long-term storage, is non-hazardous and easy to transport, and is available at low cost. Although these requirements might be met by several protein preservatives, an assessment of their suitability in field conditions when targeted for metaproteomics is currently lacking. Here, we compared the protein preservation performance of flash freezing and the preservation solution RNAlater™ using the marine gutless oligochaete Olavius algarvensis and its symbiotic microbes as a test case. In addition, we evaluated long-term RNAlater™ storage after 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks at room temperature (22-23 °C). We evaluated protein preservation using one dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (1D-LC-MS/MS). We found that RNAlater™ and flash freezing preserved proteins equally well in terms of total number of identified proteins or relative abundances of individual proteins and none of the test time points were altered compared to t0. Moreover, we did not find biases against specific taxonomic groups or proteins with particular biochemical properties. Based on our metaproteomics data and the logistical requirements for field deployment we recommend RNAlater™ for protein preservation of field-collected samples when targeted for metaproteomcis.

Temperature and Heat Flux Data-Logger for Use in Tunnel Ovens: An International Partnered Project

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Watt ◽  
Jason Wichert ◽  
Justine Staniszewski ◽  
Nathaniel Nakles ◽  
Yvonne English ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
City College

The Grove City College (GCC) European Study Center (ESC) is a program that allows mechanical and electrical engineering students to study abroad in the junior and senior year fall semester, respectively, and graduate in four years. The ESC is activity partners with a local institution called Oniris, which specializes in food science engineering, and veterinary science (an affiliate with the French Ministry of Agriculture). Electrical engineering students that participate in the program carry out their yearlong capstone design project (Senior Experience in Electrical Design (SEED)) in partnership with Oniris. For the 2016–2017 academic year, participating electrical engineering students completed a project titled Ultra-Low-Cost Flexible Sensor Array, or “Low-Cost Array” (LCA), designed for commercial tunnel-style ovens. The LCA features low cost ($200), flexible programmability, and ease of use (based on the widely available Arduino). The purpose of the project was to develop a low-cost data-logger to operate inside tunnel-style ovens to record temperature from thermocouples (and other analog signals, i.e. heat flux) for thirty minutes in an environment up to 250 °C. This study evaluates the LCA compared to other data-logging systems, and its performance in high temperature environments by a series of experiments. In addition, an idea of its commercialization potential was explored by interviewing industrialists and academics on-site. Experimental results showed that: (1) data logged from the system were close to values recorded by current systems used for both temperature and heat flux measurements, and (2) the system performed well at 240 °C for thirty minutes (maximum temperature of oven). In addition, the interviews revealed that although most interest was in a tunnel-style oven data-logger, it seems feasible to incorporate changes to satisfy needs for other markets, especially those of a general-purpose data-logger.

scholarly journals Impacts of Landscape Changes on Water Resources

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2244
Author(s):  
Manoj K. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Landscape Changes ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring

Changes in land use and land cover can have many drivers, including population growth, urbanization, agriculture, demand for food, evolution of socio-economic structure, policy regulations, and climate variability. The impacts of these changes on water resources range from changes in water availability (due to changes in losses of water to evapotranspiration and recharge) to degradation of water quality (increased erosion, salinity, chemical loadings, and pathogens). The impacts are manifested through complex hydro-bio-geo-climate characteristics, which underscore the need for integrated scientific approaches to understand the impacts of landscape change on water resources. Several techniques, such as field studies, long-term monitoring, remote sensing technologies, and advanced modeling studies have been contributing to better understanding the modes and mechanisms by which landscape changes impact water resources. Such research studies can help unlock the complex interconnected influences of landscape on water resources for quantity and quality at multiple spatial and temporal scales. In this Special Issue, we published a set of eight peer-reviewed articles elaborating on some of the specific topics of landscape changes and associated impacts on water resources.

scholarly journals Application of permeable reactive barrier in groundwater remediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 06021
Author(s):  
Qianfeng He ◽  
Shihui Si ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Xiaoyu Tu
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Structure Type ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
External Power ◽  
Remediation Design

As a new in-situ remediation of groundwater, compared with the traditional “pump and treat” technology, the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) has the advantages of low cost, no external power, the small disturbance to groundwater, small secondary pollution and long-term operation, this paper introduces the basic concept of PRB, technical principle, structure type, the principle of active materials selection and mechanisms of remediation, design and installation factors, it provides ideas for further research and application of PRB technology in groundwater remediation projects in China.

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