scholarly journals Data Processing and Information Classification: An In-Memory Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Andrighetti ◽  
Giovanna Turvani ◽  
Giulia Santoro ◽  
Marco Vacca ◽  
Andrea Marchesin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Hardware Accelerator ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Memory Wall ◽  
Information Classification ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Problem Data

To live in the information society means to be surrounded by billions of electronic devices full of sensors that constantly acquire data. This enormous amount of data must be processed and classified. A solution commonly adopted is to send these data to server farms to be remotely elaborated. The drawback is a huge battery drain due to high amount of information that must be exchanged. To compensate this problem data must be processed locally, near the sensor itself. But this solution requires huge computational capabilities. While microprocessors, even mobile ones, nowadays have enough computational power, their performance are severely limited by the Memory Wall problem. Memories are too slow, so microprocessors cannot fetch enough data from them, greatly limiting their performance. A solution is the Processing-In-Memory (PIM) approach. New memories are designed that are able to elaborate data inside them eliminating the Memory Wall problem. In this work we present an example of such system, using as a case of study the Bitmap Indexing algorithm. Such algorithm is used to classify data coming from many sources in parallel. We propose an hardware accelerator designed around the Processing-In-Memory approach, that is capable of implementing this algorithm and that can also be reconfigured to do other tasks or to work as standard memory. The architecture has been synthesized using CMOS technology. The results that we have obtained highlights that, not only it is possible to process and classify huge amount of data locally, but also that it is possible to obtain this result with a very low power consumption.

scholarly journals Data Processing and Information Classification—An In-Memory Approach

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Andrighetti ◽  
Giovanna Turvani ◽  
Giulia Santoro ◽  
Marco Vacca ◽  
Andrea Marchesin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Hardware Accelerator ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Memory Wall ◽  
Information Classification ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Problem Data

To live in the information society means to be surrounded by billions of electronic devices full of sensors that constantly acquire data. This enormous amount of data must be processed and classified. A solution commonly adopted is to send these data to server farms to be remotely elaborated. The drawback is a huge battery drain due to high amount of information that must be exchanged. To compensate this problem data must be processed locally, near the sensor itself. But this solution requires huge computational capabilities. While microprocessors, even mobile ones, nowadays have enough computational power, their performance are severely limited by the Memory Wall problem. Memories are too slow, so microprocessors cannot fetch enough data from them, greatly limiting their performance. A solution is the Processing-In-Memory (PIM) approach. New memories are designed that can elaborate data inside them eliminating the Memory Wall problem. In this work we present an example of such a system, using as a case of study the Bitmap Indexing algorithm. Such algorithm is used to classify data coming from many sources in parallel. We propose a hardware accelerator designed around the Processing-In-Memory approach, that is capable of implementing this algorithm and that can also be reconfigured to do other tasks or to work as standard memory. The architecture has been synthesized using CMOS technology. The results that we have obtained highlights that, not only it is possible to process and classify huge amount of data locally, but also that it is possible to obtain this result with a very low power consumption.

A Review on Big Data Analytics in Business

2018 ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Manbir Sandhu ◽  
Purnima, Anuradha Saini
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Data Streaming ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Heath Care ◽  
Data Analytic

Big data is a fast-growing technology that has the scope to mine huge amount of data to be used in various analytic applications. With large amount of data streaming in from a myriad of sources: social media, online transactions and ubiquity of smart devices, Big Data is practically garnering attention across all stakeholders from academics, banking, government, heath care, manufacturing and retail. Big Data refers to an enormous amount of data generated from disparate sources along with data analytic techniques to examine this voluminous data for predictive trends and patterns, to exploit new growth opportunities, to gain insight, to make informed decisions and optimize processes. Data-driven decision making is the essence of business establishments. The explosive growth of data is steering the business units to tap the potential of Big Data to achieve fueling growth and to achieve a cutting edge over their competitors. The overwhelming generation of data brings with it, its share of concerns. This paper discusses the concept of Big Data, its characteristics, the tools and techniques deployed by organizations to harness the power of Big Data and the daunting issues that hinder the adoption of Business Intelligence in Big Data strategies in organizations.

scholarly journals The Evolution of Manufacturing Technology for GaN Electronic Devices

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
An-Chen Liu ◽  
Po-Tsung Tu ◽  
Catherine Langpoklakpam ◽  
Yu-Wen Huang ◽  
Ya-Ting Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
High Power ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Rf Power Amplifier ◽  
Device Technology

GaN has been widely used to develop devices for high-power and high-frequency applications owing to its higher breakdown voltage and high electron saturation velocity. The GaN HEMT radio frequency (RF) power amplifier is the first commercialized product which is fabricated using the conventional Au-based III–V device manufacturing process. In recent years, owing to the increased applications in power electronics, and expanded applications in RF and millimeter-wave (mmW) power amplifiers for 5G mobile communications, the development of high-volume production techniques derived from CMOS technology for GaN electronic devices has become highly demanded. In this article, we will review the history and principles of each unit process for conventional HEMT technology with Au-based metallization schemes, including epitaxy, ohmic contact, and Schottky metal gate technology. The evolution and status of CMOS-compatible Au-less process technology will then be described and discussed. In particular, novel process techniques such as regrown ohmic layers and metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) gates are illustrated. New enhancement-mode device technology based on the p-GaN gate is also reviewed. The vertical GaN device is a new direction of development for devices used in high-power applications, and we will also highlight the key features of such kind of device technology.

scholarly journals Internet of Things-based Smart Street System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5577-5594
Author(s):  
Chandla Ellis ◽  
Tirumala Raju Vineetha ◽  
Segu Sravana Keerthi ◽  
S.P. Kalpana ◽  
R. Roshni Karen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Green Solution

Enormous amount of electrical energy is consumed in urban areas by means of street lights. Currently, the street lights are turned on and off manually which will lead to wastage of electrical energy. Due to inadequate dimming and low efficiency of lights, current is being wasted. The main aim of this smart LED system is to create a street light which will behave according to its surrounding. This LED will turn on automatically during dark time and off during bright time with the help of LDR. It will remain dim when there is no one near the light and turns on bright when people pass by it. By doing this, huge amount of energy is being saved. Though solar energy is efficient, it can’t work during rainy season. Thus, piezoelectric sensor is a good replacement of it. It converts the pressure that applied on it to electrical energy. This sensor is fixed in the road which will convert the pressure applied to it by the vehicles to electrical energy which can be utilized by the LEDs. Finally, this system aims to present an overview of a profitable and green solution to the energy consumption problem imposed by street lighting.

scholarly journals Relations between Electronics, Artificial Intelligence and Information Society through Information Society Rules

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Matjaž Gams ◽  
Tine Kolenik
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Human Skills ◽  
Programming Software ◽  
Production Prices ◽  
Modest Level ◽  
Do So

This paper presents relations between information society (IS), electronics and artificial intelligence (AI) mainly through twenty-four IS laws. The laws not only make up a novel collection, currently non-existing in the literature, but they also highlight the core boosting mechanism for the progress of what is called the information society and AI. The laws mainly describe the exponential growth in a particular field, be it the processing, storage or transmission capabilities of electronic devices. Other rules describe the relations to production prices and human interaction. Overall, the IS laws illustrate the most recent and most vibrant part of human history based on the unprecedented growth of device capabilities spurred by human innovation and ingenuity. Although there are signs of stalling, at the same time there are still many ways to prolong the fascinating progress of electronics that stimulates the field of artificial intelligence. There are constant leaps in new areas, such as the perception of real-world signals, where AI is already occasionally exceeding human capabilities and will do so even more in the future. In some areas where AI is presumed to be incapable of performing even at a modest level, such as the production of art or programming software, AI is making progress that can sometimes reflect true human skills. Maybe it is time for AI to boost the progress of electronics in return.

Current clinical practice in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices undergoing radiotherapy: a literature review

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meor Azraai ◽  
Daniel D’Souza ◽  
Yuan-Hong Lin ◽  
Voltaire Nadurata
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Current Clinical Practice ◽  
Memory Errors ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) undergoing radiotherapy (RT) are more common due to the ageing of the population. With newer CIEDs’ implementing the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology which allows the miniaturization of CIED, it is also more susceptible to RT. Effects of RT on CIED ranges from device interference, device operational/memory errors of permanent damage. These malfunctions can cause life-threatening clinical effects. Cumulative dose is not the only component of RT that causes CIED malfunction, as neutron use and dose rate effect also affects CIEDs. The management of this patient cohort in clinical practice is inconsistent due to the lack of a consistent guideline from manufacturers and physician specialty societies. Our review will focus on the current clinical practice and the recently updated guidelines of managing patients with CIED undergoing RT. We aim to simplify the evidence and provide a simple and easy to use guide based on the recent guidelines.

E-Government in the Information Society

2011 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Lech W. Zacher
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Electronic Devices

The information society (IS), which nowadays is the emerging form of the organization of advanced societies (see e.g., Castells, 1996; May, 2002; Zacher, 2000a, 2000b), is governed more and more by the use of electronic devices and systems. That is why the concept of e-government was introduced and practically implemented. (For a historical perspective, see the article on Historical Perspective of E-Government).

E-Government in the Information Society

2011 ◽  
pp. 542-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Zacher
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Electronic Devices

The information society (IS), which nowadays is the emerging form of the organization of advanced societies (see e.g., Castells, 1996; May, 2002; Zacher, 2000a, 2000b), is governed more and more by the use of electronic devices and systems. That is why the concept of e-government was introduced and practically implemented. (For a historical perspective, see the article on Historical Perspective of E-Government).

scholarly journals Design of a Parallel and Scalable Crawler for the Hidden Web

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Crawler ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Web Databases ◽  
Specific Approach ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Hidden Web ◽  
Enormous Amount

The WWW contains huge amount of information from different areas. This information may be present virtually in the form of web pages, media, articles (research journals / magazine), blogs etc. A major portion of the information is present in web databases that can be retrieved by raising queries at the interface offered by the specific database and is thus called the Hidden Web. An important issue is to efficiently retrieve and provide access to this enormous amount of information through crawling. In this paper, we present the architecture of a parallel crawler for the Hidden Web that avoids download overlaps by following a domain-specific approach. The experimental results further show that the proposed parallel Hidden web crawler (PSHWC), not only effectively but also efficiently extracts and download the contents in the Hidden web databases

scholarly journals Digital survey: from new technology to everyday use, a knowledge path and challenge for scholars

2019 ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Giorgio Verdiani
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
The Will ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Digital Survey

Which is the meaning of researching and working in the field of the digital survey at the beginning of the XXIth century? Are the scholars and professionals planning procedures and strategies or just producing an enormous amount of digital data which destiny will be a colossal data loss? Starting from a reflection about “where we are” after 20 years of active digital survey for built heritage this article will try to trace some points about how to start and to plan digital survey intervention when the task is not merely professional and when the new survey bases are supposed to be used in a “liquid” context. From the massive machines and procedures of the XXth century, producing quite “light” amount of data, in the last two decades these tools passed to be lightweight in their hardware, while the amount of gathered data increased continuously, in what it seems an unstoppable process. But massive data gathering maybe it is not knowledge by itself and the information society, especially in its next evolutions, will need contents and versatile data to support and link our present to the heritage values. A specific reflection on the value of digital survey and procedures will be held here not in the pretention of finding a stable paradigm but in the will of stimulating the discussion in a field often tempted by simply technical solutions.

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