scholarly journals Assessment of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Al(III) Removal Capacity of Bacteria From Food and Gut Ecological Niches: Insights Into Biodiversity to Limit Intestinal Biodisponibility of Toxic Metals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny George ◽  
Séverine Mahieux ◽  
Catherine Daniel ◽  
Marie Titécat ◽  
Nicolas Beauval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Removal Capacity

Hazardous toxic metals, such as lead and cadmium, and to a lesser extent aluminum, are extensively recognized as detrimental for health following ingestion within food and water, or following inhalation. Gut and food-derived microbes, by interacting with heavy metals, may actively or passively modulate their bioavailability inside the gut, either by adsorption or by sequestration. Such a bioremediation within the gut implies the selection of safe microbes, based on their specific capacities to immobilize metals. We investigated the metal removal ability of 225 bacteria toward the potential harmful trace elements lead, cadmium and aluminum in vitro, using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry analysis. Interspecies and intraspecies comparisons were addressed and discussed among bacteria from the phylum Firmicutes, which are mostly lactic acid bacteria, including Lactobacillus spp, with some Lactococcus, Pediococcus and Carnobacterium representatives, Actinobacteria as well as Proteobacteria. The effect on mixture of lead and cadmium was also investigated. Although the purpose of such a screening is so far not to elucidate each of the various strain specific- and metal dependent- mechanisms of heavy metal removal, we identified potential bacteria which are able to alleviate Pb(II) and Cd(II) concerns in order to propose performing candidate probiotics for metal xenobiotic bioremediation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Al(III) Removal Capacity of Bacteria from Food and Gut Ecological Niches: Insights into Biodiversity to Limit Intestinal Biodisponibility of Toxic Metals

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Fanny George ◽  
Séverine Mahieux ◽  
Catherine Daniel ◽  
Marie Titécat ◽  
Nicolas Beauval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Toxic metals (such as lead, cadmium, and, to a lesser extent, aluminum) are detrimental to health when ingested in food or water or when inhaled. By interacting with heavy metals, gut and food-derived microbes can actively and/or passively modulate (by adsorption and/or sequestration) the bioavailability of these toxins inside the gut. This “intestinal bioremediation” involves the selection of safe microbes specifically able to immobilize metals. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to investigate the in vitro ability of 225 bacteria to remove the potentially harmful trace elements lead, cadmium, and aluminum. Interspecies and intraspecies comparisons were performed among the Firmicutes (mostly lactic acid bacteria, including Lactobacillus spp., with some Lactococcus, Pediococcus, and Carnobacterium representatives), Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The removal of a mixture of lead and cadmium was also investigated. Although the objective of the study was not to elucidate the mechanisms of heavy metal removal for each strain and each metal, we nevertheless identified promising candidate bacteria as probiotics for the intestinal bioremediation of Pb(II) and Cd(II).

scholarly journals The nickel-chelator dimethylglyoxime inhibits human amyloid beta peptide in vitro aggregation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane L. Benoit ◽  
Robert J. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Aβ Peptides ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Induced Aggregation

AbstractOne of the hallmarks of the most common neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is the extracellular deposition and aggregation of Amyloid Beta (Aβ)-peptides in the brain. Previous studies have shown that select metal ions, most specifically copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) ions, have a synergistic effect on the aggregation of Aβ-peptides. In the present study, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the metal content of a commercial recombinant human Aβ40 peptide. Cu and Zn were among the metals detected; unexpectedly, nickel (Ni) was one of the most abundant elements. Using a fluorescence-based assay, we found that Aβ40 peptide in vitro aggregation was enhanced by addition of Zn2+ and Ni2+, and Ni2+-induced aggregation was facilitated by acidic conditions. Nickel binding to Aβ40 peptide was confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry. Addition of the Ni-specific chelator dimethylglyoxime (DMG) inhibited Aβ40 aggregation in absence of added metal, as well as in presence of Cu2+ and Ni2+, but not in presence of Zn2+. Finally, mass spectrometry analysis revealed that DMG can coordinate Cu or Ni, but not Fe, Se or Zn. Taken together, our results indicate that Ni2+ ions enhance, whereas nickel chelation inhibits, Aβ peptide in vitro aggregation. Hence, DMG-mediated Ni-chelation constitutes a promising approach towards inhibiting or slowing down Aβ40 aggregation.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUORIDATED HYDROXYAPATITE (FHA) SOL-GEL COATINGS ON TITANIUM SUBSTRATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5B) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Ngo Thi Anh Tuyet
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanium Substrate ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

In this paper, FHA coatings [FHA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2-x Fx] (wherein 0 ≤ x ≤ 2) were deposited on titanium substrate by sol-gel method with heat treatment at 900 oC for 4 hours. Different concentrations of F- were incorporated into the apatite structure during the sols preparation. The FHA sols were prepared using various amounts of ammonium fluoride [NH4F] with the [P]/[F] molar ratios of 12, 6, 4, 3 in order to have the corresponding compositions of Ca10(PO4)6(F0.5 OH1.5), Ca10(PO4)6 FOH, Ca10(PO4)6(F1.5 OH0.5) and Ca10(PO4)6F2, respectively. The fabricated FHA coatings were assessed by various methods, namely: morphological structure and chemical composition of coatings were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The anti-corrosion properties of samples were evaluated by Potentiodynamic polarization curves and Nyquist impedance spectrum. The biocompatibility of FHA coatings on titanium substrates were evaluated by in-vitro tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution during 21 days, and ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) analysis method has been used. The results showed that with dense structure, FHA coatings expressed higher anti-corrosion and biocompatibility performance as compared with that of HA coating.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals of Minthostachys diffusa Epling and Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Immacolata Faraone ◽  
Daniela Russo ◽  
Lucia Chiummiento ◽  
Eloy Fernandez ◽  
Alka Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Health Promoting

The genus Minthostachys belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and is an important South American mint genus used commonly in folk medicine as an aroma in cooking. The phytochemical-rich samples of the aerial parts of Minthostachys diffusa Epling. were tested for pharmacological and health-promoting bioactivities using in vitro chemical and enzymatic assays. A range of radical scavenging activities of the samples against biological radicals such as nitric oxide and superoxide anion and against synthetic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the lipid peroxidation inhibition were determined and ranked using the ‘relative antioxidant capacity index’ (RACI). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest RACI of +1.12. Analysis of the various fractions’ inhibitory ability against enzymes involved in diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and against enzymes associated with Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) also suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed more than 30 polyphenolic compounds, including triterpenes. The inhibitory cholinesterase effects of the triterpenes identified from M. diffusa were further analysed by in silico docking of these compounds into 3D-structures of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. This is the first study on pharmacological activities and phytochemical profiling of the aerial parts of M. diffusa, showing that this plant, normally used as food in South America, is also rich in health-promoting phytochemicals.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Helichrysum italicum and Helichrysum arenarium Infusions

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Katja Kramberger ◽  
Zala Jenko Pražnikar ◽  
Alenka Baruca Arbeiter ◽  
Ana Petelin ◽  
Dunja Bandelj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Stress Related Genes

Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (abbrev. as HA) has a long tradition in European ethnomedicine and its inflorescences are approved as a herbal medicinal product. In the Mediterranean part of Europe, Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (abbrev. as HI) is more common. Since infusions from both plants are traditionally used, we aimed to compare their antioxidative potential using in vitro assays. Two morphologically distinct HI plants, HIa and HIb, were compared to a commercially available HA product. Genetic analysis using microsatellites confirmed a clear differentiation between HI and HA and suggested that HIb was a hybrid resulting from spontaneous hybridization from unknown HI subspecies. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed the highest amounts of hydroxycinnamic acids and total arzanol derivatives in HIa, whereas HIb was richest in monohydroxybenzoic acids, caffeic acids, and coumarins, and HA contained the highest amounts of flavonoids, especially flavanones. HIa exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity; it was more efficient in protecting different cell lines from induced oxidative stress and in inducing oxidative stress-related genes superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, and glutathione reductase 1. The antioxidative potential of HI was not only dependent on the morphological type of the plant but also on the harvest date, revealing important information for obtaining the best possible product. Considering the superior properties of HI compared to HA, the evaluation of HI as a medicinal plant could be recommended.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Essential Oils on Selected Weeds: Potential Hazard on Food Crops

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ibáñez ◽  
María Blázquez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

The chemical composition of winter savory, peppermint, and anise essential oils, and in vitro and in vivo phytotoxic activity against weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Lolium multiflorum, and Echinochloa crus-galli) and food crops (maize, rice, and tomato), have been studied. Sixty-four compounds accounting for between 97.67–99.66% of the total essential oils were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. Winter savory with carvacrol (43.34%) and thymol (23.20%) as the main compounds produced a total inhibitory effect against the seed germination of tested weed. Menthol (48.23%), menthone (23.33%), and iso-menthone (16.33%) from peppermint only showed total seed germination inhibition on L. multiflorum, whereas no significant effects were observed with trans-anethole (99.46%) from anise at all concentrations (0.125–1 µL/mL). Low doses of peppermint essential oil could be used as a sustainable alternative to synthetic agrochemicals to control L. multiflorum. The results corroborate that in vivo assays with a commercial emulsifiable concentrate need higher doses of the essential oils to reproduce previous in vitro trials. The higher in vivo phytotoxicity of winter savory essential oil constitutes an eco-friendly and less pernicious alternative to weed control. It is possible to achieve a greater in vivo phytotoxicity if less active essential oil like peppermint is included with other active excipients.

scholarly journals Data on peptides identified by mass spectrometry analysis of in vitro DYRK1A-mediated phosphorylation sites on GLI1

Data in Brief ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 577-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben K. Ehe ◽  
David R. Lamson ◽  
Michael Tarpley ◽  
Rob U. Onyenwoke ◽  
Lee M. Graves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Phosphorylation Sites ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

scholarly journals Deubiquitination and Stabilization of PD-L1 by USP21

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuying Yang ◽  
Youqian Wu ◽  
Huanhuan Yan ◽  
Bing Shan ◽  
Dongheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Polyubiquitin Chains ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Programmed Death Protein 1 ◽  
Novel Strategy

Abstract Background: The immunotherapy for different types of cancers that targeting programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) has highlighted the importance of suppressing specific T cell responses. Recently, several studies have shown that the expression level of PD-L1 in tumor cells is positively correlated with tumor metastasis as well as recurrence rate. The potent effects of post-translational modifications (PTMs) for PD-L1, such as ubiquitination, glycosylation, phosphorylation and palmitoylation, have been reported to be related to immunosuppression. However, the regulation of PD-L1 degradation in cancers is still not well understood. In this paper, we mainly investigate the deubiquitination regulation of PD-L1. Methods: The protein levels of PD-L1 and USP21 were detected by Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The interaction between PD-L1 and USP21 was determined by co-immunoprecipitation. The deubiquitination of PD-L1 was determined by in vitro deubiquitination assay. The deubiquitination sites of PD-L1 were identified by mass spectrometry analysis. The expression of mRNA in target tissues was presented by bioinformatics analysis.Results: Overexpression of USP21 significantly increased PD-L1 abundance and knockdown of USP21 induced degradation of PD-L1. In vitro deubiquitination assay showed that USP21-WT reduced polyubiquitin chains from PD-L1 while USP21-C221A did not. Furthermore, five lysines in intracellular segment of PD-L1 are potential deubiquitin sites and cancer-derived mutations of PD-L1 in Asp276 have the ability to enhance the deubiquitination of PD-L1 mediated by USP21. Finally, we found that USP21 is the frequently amplified deubiquitinase in lung cancer, especially in lung squamous cell carcinoma, and its amplification co-occurs with the upregulation of PD-L1 levels. Moreover, IHC analysis showed stronger staining of PD-L1 and USP21 in lung cancer samples than adjacent tissues. Conclusion: We identified USP21 as a novel deubiquitinase of PD-L1. Hopefully, targeting PD-L1 by inhibiting USP21 might be a potentially novel strategy for the treatment of lung cancer.

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