A Comparative Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Helichrysum italicum and Helichrysum arenarium Infusions

Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (abbrev. as HA) has a long tradition in European ethnomedicine and its inflorescences are approved as a herbal medicinal product. In the Mediterranean part of Europe, Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (abbrev. as HI) is more common. Since infusions from both plants are traditionally used, we aimed to compare their antioxidative potential using in vitro assays. Two morphologically distinct HI plants, HIa and HIb, were compared to a commercially available HA product. Genetic analysis using microsatellites confirmed a clear differentiation between HI and HA and suggested that HIb was a hybrid resulting from spontaneous hybridization from unknown HI subspecies. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed the highest amounts of hydroxycinnamic acids and total arzanol derivatives in HIa, whereas HIb was richest in monohydroxybenzoic acids, caffeic acids, and coumarins, and HA contained the highest amounts of flavonoids, especially flavanones. HIa exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity; it was more efficient in protecting different cell lines from induced oxidative stress and in inducing oxidative stress-related genes superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, and glutathione reductase 1. The antioxidative potential of HI was not only dependent on the morphological type of the plant but also on the harvest date, revealing important information for obtaining the best possible product. Considering the superior properties of HI compared to HA, the evaluation of HI as a medicinal plant could be recommended.

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The Health-Promoting Potential of Salix spp. Bark Polar Extracts: Key Insights on Phenolic Composition and In Vitro Bioactivity and Biocompatibility

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8120609 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 609 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Patrícia A. B. Ramos ◽

Catarina Moreirinha ◽

Sara Silva ◽

Eduardo M. Costa ◽

Mariana Veiga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽

Spectrometry Analysis ◽

Phenolic Components ◽

Polar Extracts ◽

Salix Spp

Salix spp. have been exploited for energy generation, along with folk medicine use of bark extracts for antipyretic and analgesic benefits. Bark phenolic components, rather than salicin, have demonstrated interesting bioactivities, which may ensure the sustainable bioprospection of Salix bark. Therefore, this study highlights the detailed phenolic characterization, as well as the in vitro antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, Staphylococcus aureus growth inhibitory effects, and biocompatibility of Salix atrocinerea Brot., Salix fragilis L., and Salix viminalis L. bark polar extracts. Fifteen phenolic compounds were characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection-mass spectrometry analysis, from which two flavan-3-ols, an acetophenone, five flavanones, and a flavonol were detected, for the first time, as their bark components. Salix bark extracts demonstrated strong free radical scavenging activity (5.58–23.62 µg mL−1 IC50 range), effective inhibition on angiotensin-I converting enzyme (58–84%), and S. aureus bactericidal action at 1250–2500 µg mL−1 (6–8 log CFU mL−1 reduction range). All tested Salix bark extracts did not show cytotoxic potential against Caco-2 cells, as well as S. atrocinerea Brot. and S. fragilis L. extracts at 625 and 1250 µg mL−1 against HaCaT and L929 cells. These valuable findings can pave innovative and safer food, nutraceutical, and/or cosmetic applications of Salix bark phenolic-containing fractions.

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Phytochemicals of Minthostachys diffusa Epling and Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9020144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 144

Author(s):

Immacolata Faraone ◽

Daniela Russo ◽

Lucia Chiummiento ◽

Eloy Fernandez ◽

Alka Choudhary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Spectrometry Analysis ◽

In Silico Docking ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Health Promoting

The genus Minthostachys belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and is an important South American mint genus used commonly in folk medicine as an aroma in cooking. The phytochemical-rich samples of the aerial parts of Minthostachys diffusa Epling. were tested for pharmacological and health-promoting bioactivities using in vitro chemical and enzymatic assays. A range of radical scavenging activities of the samples against biological radicals such as nitric oxide and superoxide anion and against synthetic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the lipid peroxidation inhibition were determined and ranked using the ‘relative antioxidant capacity index’ (RACI). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest RACI of +1.12. Analysis of the various fractions’ inhibitory ability against enzymes involved in diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and against enzymes associated with Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) also suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed more than 30 polyphenolic compounds, including triterpenes. The inhibitory cholinesterase effects of the triterpenes identified from M. diffusa were further analysed by in silico docking of these compounds into 3D-structures of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. This is the first study on pharmacological activities and phytochemical profiling of the aerial parts of M. diffusa, showing that this plant, normally used as food in South America, is also rich in health-promoting phytochemicals.

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Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial, insecticidal and antiradical activity of Hydnocarpus pentandra (Buch.-Ham.) Oken

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.2163 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 576

Author(s):

Prashith Kekuda TR ◽

Dunkana Negussa Kenie ◽

Chetan DM ◽

Raghavendra L Hallur

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Antiradical Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Extraction Process ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Bioactive Agents

Objectives: The present study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial, insecticidal and radical scavenging activity of leaf extract of Hydnocarpus pentandra (Buch.-Ham.) Oken belonging to the family Achariaceae.Methods: Extraction process of shade dried and powdered leaf was carried out by maceration technique. Extract was screened for phytochemicals by standard tests. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of leaf extract was determined by Agar well diffusion and Poisoned food technique respectively. Antiradical activity of leaf extract was evaluated by two in vitro assays namely 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate (ABTS) free radical scavenging assays. Insecticidal activity of leaf extract was determined against II instar and IV instar larvae of Aedes aegypti.Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, triterpenes and steroids in the leaf extract. Leaf extract exhibited marked inhibitory activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared to Gram negative bacteria. Bacillus cereus (zone of inhibition 1.86±0.05cm) and Escherichia coli (zone of inhibition 1.06±0.05cm) were inhibited to highest and least extent respectively. Extract was effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of seed-borne fungi. Among fungi, the susceptibility to extract was in the order: Curvularia sp. (53.64% inhibition) > Fusarium sp. (45.81% inhibition) > Alternaria sp. (35.08% inhibition). The extract exhibited concentration dependent larvicidal activity with marked activity being observed against II instar larvae (LC50 value 0.79mg/ml) when compared to IV instar larvae (LC50 value 1.37mg/ml). Leaf extract scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals dose dependently with an IC50 value of 13.91µg/ml and 6.03µg/ml respectively.Conclusions: The plant is shown to be an important source of bioactive agents. The observed bioactivities could be attributed to the phytochemicals present in the leaf extract. Further studies on characterization and bioactivity determination of isolated components from leaf extract are to be carried out.

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Behaviour of 9-Ethyl-9H-carbazole Hydrazone Derivatives Against Oxidant Systems

Croatica Chemica Acta ◽

10.5562/cca3481 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 87-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cigdem Karaaslan ◽

Hande Gurer-Orhan ◽

Sibel Suzen ◽

Luciano Saso ◽

Omidreza Firuzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Amyloid Β ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Neuronal Pc12 Cells

Antioxidants are helpful in prevention of several diseases related with oxidative stress including neurodegenerative disorders. In recent studies, carbazoles were given proof of promising antioxidant activities. In this article, 9-ethyl-9H-carbazole hydrazone derivatives were synthesized, characterized and their in vitro antioxidant activity and possible cytotoxic effects were investigated. Furthermore, protective effect of the synthesized derivatives against amyloid β-induced damage in PC12 neuronal cells was examined by using MTT assay. The newly synthesized carbazoles were found to have radical scavenging activity with a varying potency both in cell-free and cell-based in vitro assays. Several compounds, especially such as 3d and 3e, 3m and 3n bearing two halogen groups on the phenyl ring, were found to have cytotoxic activity. However, their cytotoxic activities were not higher than that of melatonin. Several compounds also significantly protected neuronal PC12 cells against amyloid β-induced damage, which can be defined as neuroprotective agents. (4-(2-((9-Ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methylene)hydrazinyl)benzonitrile) 3r was found as the most active compound with both radical scavenging activity and neuroprotective effects against amyloid β-induced damage. These findings might provide an alternative strategy for developing novel carbazole derivatives for management of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.

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Rice Germosprout Extract Protects Erythrocytes from Hemolysis and the Aorta, Brain, Heart, and Liver Tissues from Oxidative StressIn Vitro

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/9587020 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shahdat Hossain ◽

Sujan Bhowmick ◽

Marzan Sarkar ◽

Mehedi Hassan ◽

Jakir Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Lipid Peroxide ◽

Erythrocyte Membranes ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Tissue Homogenates ◽

Antioxidative Effects ◽

Gallic Acid Equivalent

Identifying dietary alternatives for artificial antioxidants capable of boosting antihemolytic and antioxidative defense has been an important endeavor in improving human health. In the present study, we studied antihemolytic and antioxidative effects of germosprout (i.e., the germ part along with sprouted stems plus roots) extract prepared from the pregerminated rice. The extract contained considerable amounts of antioxidantβ-carotene (414±12 ng/g of extract) and phytochemicals such as total polyphenols (12.0±1.1 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of extract) and flavonoids (11.0±1.4 mg catechin equivalent/g of extract). The antioxidant potential of the extract was assessed by its DPPH- (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-) free radical scavenging activity where we observed that germosprout extract had considerable antioxidative potentials. To evaluate antihemolytic effect of the extract, freshly prepared erythrocytes were incubated with either peroxynitrite or Fenton’s reagent in the absence or presence of the extract. We observed that erythrocytes pretreated with the extract exhibited reduced degree ofin vitrohemolysis. To support the proposition that germosprout extract could act as a good antioxidative agent, we also inducedin vitrooxidative stress in erythrocyte membranes and in the aorta, brain, heart, and liver tissue homogenates in the presence of the extract. As expected, germosprout extract decreased oxidative stress almost to the same extent as that of vitamin E, as measured by lipid peroxide levels, in all the mentioned tissues. We conclude that rice germosprout extract could be a good natural source of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress-induced hemolysis and damage of blood vessels and other tissues.

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In Vitro Antidiabetic Effects and Antioxidant Potential ofCassia nemophilaPods

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/1824790 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gauhar Rehman ◽

Muhammad Hamayun ◽

Amjad Iqbal ◽

Saif Ul Islam ◽

Saba Arshad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Uptake ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging

The antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract ofCassia nemophilapod (EECNP) was evaluated by three in vitro assays, including yeast glucose uptake assay, glucose adsorption assay, and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The result revealed that the extracts have enhanced the uptake of glucose through the plasma membrane of yeast cells. A linear increase in glucose uptake by yeast cells was noticed with gradual increase in the concentration of the test samples. Moreover, the adsorption capacity of the EECNP was directly proportional to the molar concentration of glucose. Also, the DPPH radical scavenging capacity of the extract was increased to a maximum value of 43.3% at 80 μg/ml, which was then decreased to 41.9% at 100 μg/ml. From the results, it was concluded that EECNP possess good antidiabetic and antioxidant properties as shown by in vitro assays.

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Chromatographic and Spectroscopic Fingerprinting of Ficus carica and Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology ◽

10.17957/ijab/15.1716 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (03) ◽

pp. 677-682

Author(s):

Amara Javaid

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Ficus Carica ◽

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of Ficus carica, commonly known as fig. Methanol and ethanol extracts of F. carica leaves were subjected to 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity assay where ascorbic acid being positive control had an IC50 value of 3.98±0.26 while methanol and ethanol fractions showed an IC50 of 101.76±1.12 and 93.12±1.17 respectively exhibiting their high antioxidant potential. DPPH assay was also performed on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) elutions. Most active antioxidant components in ethanol extract were eluted between 17–18 min, and those in methanol were eluted over 14–15 min and upon ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometery (Orbitrap Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) were identified to be 13-Docosenamide, (Z)- for ethanol and ficusin for methanol fraction. Thus, it is concluded that these two components are most probable determinants of antioxidant potential of F. carica leaf extracts. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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Antioxidant Activities of the Leaf Extract and Fractions of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott could be Attributed to The Abundance of Polyphenol Compounds

Biology Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry ◽

10.14421/biomedich.2020.91.1-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Earnest Oghenesuvwe Erhirhie ◽

Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe ◽

Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku ◽

Blessing Ogechukwu Umeokoli ◽

Peter Maduabuchi Eze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Bioactive Compound ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Anti Oxidant

Dryopteris filix mas (D filix-mas) is wildly used in ethnomedicine for the management of rheumatoid arthritis, wounds and other diseases. We investigated the anti-oxidant activities of its leaf extract, and chromatographic fractions. The ethanol leaf extract was partitioned into four fractions; n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water. Ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging in vitro assays were carried out on the extract and fractions at 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 µg/mL. The most active fraction (ethyl acetate fraction) was further purified using chromatographic techniques to isolate its major compound whose structure was elucidated using ID nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry. The ethyl acetate fraction produced the highest free radical scavenging activity among the other fractions. The fraction (VLC-E7) from which the bioactive compound, quercetin-3-O-αL-rhamnopyranoside, was isolated had the best FRAP and DPPH scavenging activities with EC50 and IC50 values of 88.81 ± 3.41 and 26.87 ± 0.24 respectively more than the ethyl acetate fraction. This study revealed that the polyphenol flavonoid, quercetin-3-O-αL-rhamnopyranoside could be responsible for antioxidant activity of ethno-medicinal property of D filix-mas leaf.

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Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Capacities of Stem Bark Extracts of Coula edulis Baill (Olacaceae)

Journal of Food Research ◽

10.5539/jfr.v10n5p1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Eric Beyegue ◽

Boris G. K. Azantsa ◽

Angie M-A Mbong ◽

Julius E. Oben

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Free Radical ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Alpha Amylase ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Oh Radicals

Prolonged hyperglycemia enhances oxidative stress. Bioactive compounds extracted possess antioxidant, anti-free radical potentials or the ability to reduce blood sugar levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of extracts of stem bark of Coula edulis Baill., their abilities to trap free radicals and glucose, as well as their ability to inhibit α-amylase and invertase activities. In vitro assays were used to test the trapping capacity of extracts on DPPH, ABTS, NO, and OH radicals; to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, the activity of glycosylation and the capacity of inhibition of the activities of α-amylase and invertase were conducted. Also, phenolic, flavonoid and alkaloid contents of extracts were determined. Results showed that extracts of the stem bark of C. edulis have anti-radical properties. The extracts chelate DPPH, hydroxyl (OH), nitrite oxide (NO), ABTS radicals, and even glucose. The IC50 values varied depending on the nature of the extraction solvent. Ethanolic extract has the highest polyphenolic content (289.12 ± 30.31 µg catechin equivalent/g), flavonoids (1.12 ± 0.09 µg quercetin equivalent/g) and alkaloids (5.54 ± 0.59 µg quinin equivalent/g). The extracts also reduce invertase and α-amylase activities. C. edulis extracts present strong antioxidant potentials and can be used as a source of natural antioxidants for the prevention of oxidative stress and hyperglycemia.

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Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of a Red Bean (Phasoelus vulgaris) Extract and its Fractions

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1701200420 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ryszard Amarowicz ◽

Magdalena Karamać ◽

Montserrat Dueñas ◽

Ronald B. Pegg

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Red Bean ◽

Fraction I

The activities of the crude acetonic extract of red bean and its two fractions were determined using a β-carotene-linoleate model system as well as the total antioxidant activity (TAA), the total phenolics content (TPC), the DPPH radical-scavenging activity, and the reducing power assays. Results from the in vitro assays showed the highest values when tannins (fraction II) were tested. Specifically, the TAA of the tannins fraction was 4.37 mmol Trolox eq./g fraction; whereas, the crude extract and fraction I were 0.481 and 0.093 μmol Trolox eq./mg extract or fraction, respectively. The content of total phenolics in fraction II was the utmost (612 mg/g); the tannins content, assayed by the vanillin method and expressed as absorbance units at 500 nm per 1 g, was 938. RP-HPLC-PAD-MS profiling revealed the presence of 33 compounds: quercetin arabinoglucoside, quercetin rutinoside, quercetin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and kaempferol rutinoside were the most abundant phenolics in the extract.

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