scholarly journals Endometriosis Etiology: Hypothesis of Maternal Microchimerism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Barad
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Reproductive Disease ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Relationship Of

Endometriosis is an oestrogen-dependant reproductive disease, with genetic, vascular, neural, inflammatory and auto-immune characteristics. There are many theories about the etiology of endometriosis, however, all of these theories have limitations and do not explain all the locations that endometriosis is found or types of patients with endometriosis. The objective of this paper is to postulate the hypothesis that endometriosis is caused by Maternal Microchimerism, the presence of maternal cells in the fetus. A literature review was conducted, analysing the characteristics, current etiological theories of endometriosis, theory limitations and relationship of maternal microchimerism and endometriosis. At time of writing, there was no literature on maternal microchimerism and endometriosis. These results suggest that Maternal Microchimerism could be a cause of endometriosis. This could account for the genetic and auto-immune characteristics seen in people with endometriosis, inducing a micro-environment for vascular, neural and epigenetic changes. This could also account for account for endometriosis seen in non-menstruating patients, such as men, fetuses and post-menopausal women and endometriosis found in non-peritoneal locations. If the hypothesis of Maternal Microchimerism is correct, endometriosis could be considered a pregnancy-related disease that could affect all humans, changing the accepted demographics of patients and potentially new diagnostic techniques and treatment options for patients with endometriosis. Further studies are needed to test this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Role of the Myokine Irisin on Bone Homeostasis: Review of the Current Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9136
Author(s):  
Amanda Kornel ◽  
Danja J. Den Hartogh ◽  
Panagiota Klentrou ◽  
Evangelia Tsiani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Signaling Proteins ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Bone is a highly dynamic tissue that is constantly adapting to micro-changes to facilitate movement. When the balance between bone building and resorption shifts more towards bone resorption, the result is reduced bone density and mineralization, as seen in osteoporosis or osteopenia. Current treatment strategies aimed to improve bone homeostasis and turnover are lacking in efficacy, resulting in the search for new preventative and nutraceutical treatment options. The myokine irisin, since its discovery in 2012, has been shown to play an important role in many tissues including muscle, adipose, and bone. Evidence indicate that irisin is associated with increased bone formation and decreased bone resorption, leading to reduced risk of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. In addition, low serum irisin levels have been found in individuals with osteoporosis and osteopenia. Irisin targets key signaling proteins, promoting osteoblastogenesis and reducing osteoclastogenesis. The present review summarizes the existing evidence regarding the effects of irisin on bone homeostasis.

The relationship of estrogen receptor-α polymorphism with symptoms and other characteristics in post-menopausal women

Maturitas ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Malacara ◽  
Elva Leticia Pérez-Luque ◽  
Sandra Martı́nez-Garza ◽  
Francisco Javier Sánchez-Marı́n
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

RELATIONSHIP OF EXERCISE LEVEL TO HDL CHOLESTEROL IN PRE-AND POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
G. H. Hartung ◽  
C. E. Moore ◽  
R. E. Mitchell ◽  
C. Kappus
Keyword(s):  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals Relationship of obesity-related disturbances with LH/FSH ratio among post-menopausal women in the United States

Maturitas ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind A. Beydoun ◽  
May A. Beydoun ◽  
Natasha Wiggins ◽  
Laurel Stadtmauer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Relationship Of

Laboratory diagnosis of pre and post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 4547
Author(s):  
Arunkumar Daniel ◽  
Revathy Kuppusamy ◽  
Swaminathan Selvanayagan*
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Biochemical Indices

Among the two types of DM, T2DM is prevalent among pre and post-menopausal women. Such women encounter many complications like MetS, IR, obesity, hypertension and atherogenic dyslipidemia. Although hormone replacement is the treatment to restore oestrogen, such treatment has its limitations. This review article brings out the recent research findings during the last 10 years on the prevalence, treatment options, usefulness of biochemical indices and improvement observed based on laboratory diagnosis. The contents of this review article will help future researches to undertake biochemistry analytes based diagnostic criteria to improve the T2DM status in such patients.

scholarly journals Relationship of morningness–eveningness questionnaire score to melatonin and sleep timing, body mass index and atypical depressive symptoms in peri- and post-menopausal women

2011 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles John Meliska ◽  
Luis Fernando Martínez ◽  
Ana María López ◽  
Diane Lynn Sorenson ◽  
Sara Nowakowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Questionnaire Score ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals Later age at menopause was associated with higher cognitive function in post-menopausal women

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Irmiya Rachmiyani ◽  
Lily Marliany Surjadi ◽  
Rully Ayu Nirmalasari ◽  
Yudhisman Imran
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age At Menopause ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Estradiol Levels

BACKGROUND <br />Menopause is a condition in which the menstrual periods have stopped for the last 12 months due to cessation of ovarial functions causing estrogen hormones to decrease. Various studies find that many factors affect cognitive function at post-menopausal age among others the decrease in estrogens, age at menopause, duration of menopause, and education. However, the effects have been subject to controversy. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of age, age at menopause, estradiol level, and education with cognitive function among healthy post-menopausal women. <br /><br />METHODS <br />A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 31 post-menopausal women between 50 to 75 years old. Data on age, age at menopause, and education were collected using a questionnaire. The estradiol levels were measured using an electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (ECLIA). The Indonesian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA INA) was used to assess the cognitive function. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data. A p&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.<br /><br />RESULTS <br />Age (b=-0.086; 95% C.I.=-0.263-0.090; p=324) and estradiol levels (b=0.106; 95% C.I.=-0.018 -0.230; p=0.092) were not significantly associated with cognitive function. However, education (b=1.537; 95% C.I.=0.176-2.898; p=0.028) and age at menopause (b=0.364;0.056-0.671; p=0.022) were significantly associated with cognitive function. Age at menopause was the most influential factor of cognitive function (Beta=0.402) compared to education (Beta=0.394).<br /><br />CONCLUSION <br />Later age at menopause could increase cognitive function in post-menopausal women. Our findings are that modifiable factors that delay age at menopause should receive attention, in order to promote cognitive function. <br /><br />Keywords: Age at menopause, estrogens, cognitive function, post-menopausal women

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