scholarly journals Advances of International Collaboration on M9 Disaster Science: Scientific Session Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 890-899
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Maly ◽  
Kenjiro Terada ◽  
Randall J. LeVeque ◽  
Naoko Kuriyama ◽  
Daniel B. Abramson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Collaboration ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Scientific Session ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
International Research Institute ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
Disaster Event ◽  
Disaster Science

The goal of the Scientific Session: “Advances of International Collaboration on M9 Disaster Science” at the 2nd World Bosai Forum (WBF) in Sendai in November 2019 was to share progress on research projects and findings related to an M9 mega-disaster event, building on outcomes from a March 2019 collaborative workshop on M9 disaster science between research partners from the International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS)/Tohoku University, University of Washington-Seattle (UW), and the Research Center for Integrated Disaster Risk Management (CIGIDEN). This paper reports on the presentations during the WBF Scientific Session, which shared updates and outputs of research collaborations from different disciplines, following the themes of risk-based planning, structural engineering, tsunami observation and early warning, and tsunami simulation and probabilistic tsunami risk assessment. This international and cross-disciplinary collaboration has led to the advancement of a number of specific research projects in different fields, as well as a robust network of researchers in the three countries. Based in coastal regions facing similar risks of massive earthquakes and tsunami in Japan, the United States, and Chile, it is hoped that ongoing and future collaboration within this network will continue to advance knowledge of disaster science and international disaster risk reduction.

scholarly journals The Purpose of the Statistical Database on the Great East Japan Earthquake

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1024-1031
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Maruya ◽  
◽  
Tetsuya Torayashiki
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
International Research Institute ◽  
The Social ◽  
Data Coverage ◽  
Disaster Science

The Statistical Database on the Great East Japan Earthquake (SDJE) has been developed as an information resource to assist in research and preparations for future disasters in Japan and other countries. The SDJE was initiated in January 2016 by the International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS) of Tohoku University. As a university in the affected area of the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE), Tohoku University acknowledges with gratitude the participation in GEJE relief and recovery activities of organizations and people from elsewhere in the country and abroad, and in response has undertaken a number of initiatives to provide scientific information and the lessons from the GEJE. For example, IRIDeS hosts and acts as the secretariat of the Global Centre for Disaster Statistics and has now developed this new database. The SDJE provides comprehensive data on the GEJE in both English and Japanese, drawing widely on data originally provided by the national and local governments and private organizations, including considerable contents taken from the white papers of Japan’s Cabinet Office and other national ministries. The data coverage extends from the time of the GEJE to currently produced materials. In addition, a “Link Collection” of Japanese statistics related to disasters is provided to support statistical analysis of the social and economic effect of the GEJE, for example through correlation analysis, and to assist researchers to better understand the context of the disaster and the disaster statistics. It is hoped that many people worldwide will find the content of the database useful for disaster risk reduction activities.

scholarly journals The Point Bonitation Method and Its Adaptation in Risk Studies: A Case Study in Sri Lanka’s Cities in the Coastal Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2060
Author(s):  
Dorota Rucińska ◽  
Martyna Zagrzejewska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Specific Result ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
Tsunami Risk

Article proposes using weighting method named the Point Bonitation Method, a popular interdisciplinary method, especially in the tourism and socio-economic geography, for giving optional direction to further researching tsunami risk. This method qualifies and quantifies those factors that lead to natural disasters so that it is possible to make comparisons with their roles in disaster areas. This case study in Sri Lanka shows a specific result that is quantification of vulnerability by regions and can be used and developed locally for disaster risk management and reduction. This paper presents discussion about other possible reasons of high risk in regions.

Collaborative Research Funding

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Behnke ◽  
Laura McConnell ◽  
Chris Ober
Keyword(s):  
International Collaboration ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Scientific Success ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Chemistry Research ◽  
National Organizations ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of

Within a changing research world, international collaboration has become even more important in achieving scientific success. Given the increased need and desire for multinational research, the actors are forced to identify appropriate funding sources. Whereas, science knows no international boundaries, support for scientific research, including in chemical sciences, is mostly provided by the national funding organizations. This is particularly true for the chemical sciences, where most research projects are relatively small in size and with respect to the number of involved PIs. Traditionally, national organizations are reluctant to provide funds to non-domestic researchers, and in practice, funding truly international research projects can be a real challenge for a variety of technical and bureaucratic reasons. In an effort to change this, an international Committee on Chemistry Research Funding (CCRF)—backed by several leading funding organizations—was established by IUPAC in December 2007 to promote increased international collaboration and networking in the global chemistry community. The following report gives a short overview on the history of IUPAC’s involvement in service for chemistry research funding and on the most recent developments.

scholarly journals On Evidence-Based Practice in Disaster Risk Reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
Disaster Science ◽  
Made In

AbstractDisaster science and scholarship are forever expanding and there are increasing calls to base disaster risk reduction policies on the evidence produced by such work. Using examples and argument, this opinion piece examines the nature of evidence. It defines evidence-based practice and considers how it has developed and become important to disaster risk reduction. A definition of what constitutes evidence is difficult to achieve but it must be made in relation to whether the data and information collected can usefully be interpreted and employed to change things for the better. Case histories from past and present centuries show that evidence can sometimes be argued over endlessly. In other cases it is roundly ignored. In yet other instances, false conclusions derived from evidence can become evidence in their own right. Nevertheless, there are situations in disaster risk reduction in which evidence is sorely needed but is clearly lacking. The effectiveness of counter-terrorism measures is one such area. In conclusion, evidence is valuable, above all if there is willingness to use it to support policy formulation, especially in a simple, transparent manner. Subjective interpretation can never be entirely removed from the use of evidence, and evidence alone will not stimulate the policy formulators to improve their decision making.

scholarly journals Stop going around in circles: towards a reconceptualisation of disaster risk management phases

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Bosher ◽  
Ksenia Chmutina ◽  
Dewald van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
End Point ◽  
Management Concept ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Disaster Event

PurposeThe way that disasters are managed, or indeed mis-managed, is often represented diagrammatically as a “disaster cycle”. The cyclical aspects of the disaster (risk) management concept, comprised of numerous operational phases, have, in recent years, been criticised for conceptualising and representing disasters in an overly simplistic way that typically starts with a disaster “event” – and subsequently leads onto yet another disaster. Such cyclical thinking has been proven to not be very useful for the complexities associated with understanding disasters and their risks. This paper aims to present an alternative conceptualisation of the Disaster Risk Management phases, in a way that can better factor in the underlying root causes that create differential levels of vulnerability.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper developed, through a review of the literature and discussions between the authors, as a counterpoint to the pervasive “disaster cycle”.FindingsThe “Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Helix” is presented as an alternative way of conceptualising the DRM phases. The helictical conceptualisation of DRM phases presented in this paper is intentionally presented to start a discussion (rather than as an end point) on how best to move away from the constraints of the “disaster cycle”.Originality/valueIt is envisaged that the helictical conceptualisation of DRM can be suitably malleable to include important factors such as temporal considerations and the underlying root causes that create differential levels of vulnerability. It is, thus, the intention that the DRM Helix can provide a catalyst for exciting discussions and future adaptations of the diagram that can better capture the dynamic (non-cyclical) nature of disasters and their root causes.

Research Productivity and International Collaboration: A Study of Ecuadorian Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Castillo ◽  
Michael A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin American ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Latin American Countries

Ecuador’s research output relative to other Latin American countries has been low historically; however, over the last 10 years, the government has put various policies in place to help remedy this situation. This is an analysis of Ecuadorian research productivity from 2006 to 2015. The scientific productivity of Ecuador has increased 5.16 times over the past years, exceeding Latin American growth. Over 80% of Ecuadorian publications include international collaboration mainly with the United States and some European and Latin American countries.

Social network analysis and data visualization of MIS international collaboration in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Ting Chuang ◽  
Yi-Hsi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Collaboration Patterns

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to apply social network analysis (SNA) to study faculty research productivity, to identify key leaders, to study publication keywords and research areas and to visualize international collaboration patterns and analyze collaboration research fields from all Management Information System (MIS) departments in Taiwan from 1982 to 2015.Design/methodology/approachThe authors first retrieved results encompassing about 1,766 MIS professors and their publication records between 1982 and 2015 from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (MOST) website. Next, the authors merged these publication records with the records obtained from the Web of Science, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Airiti Library and Springer Link databases. The authors further applied six network centrality equations, leadership index, exponential weighted moving average (EWMA), contribution value and k-means clustering algorithms to analyze the collaboration patterns, research productivity and publication patterns. Finally, the authors applied D3.js to visualize the faculty members' international collaborations from all MIS departments in Taiwan.FindingsThe authors have first identified important scholars or leaders in the network. The authors also see that most MIS scholars in Taiwan tend to publish their papers in the journals such as Decision Support Systems and Information and Management. The authors have further figured out the significant scholars who have actively collaborated with academics in other countries. Furthermore, the authors have recognized the universities that have frequent collaboration with other international universities. The United States, China, Canada and the United Kingdom are the countries that have the highest numbers of collaborations with Taiwanese academics. Lastly, the keywords model, system and algorithm were the most common terms used in recent years.Originality/valueThis study applied SNA to visualize international research collaboration patterns and has revealed some salient characteristics of international cooperation trends and patterns, leadership networks and influences and research productivity for faculty in Information Management departments in Taiwan from 1982 to 2015. In addition, the authors have discovered the most common keywords used in recent years.

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