scholarly journals Pengaruh Massa Bio-char Kayu Akasia (Acacia mangium) Dan Waktu Perendaman Bio-char Terhadap Adsorpsi Sebum Buatan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Aulia Al azizi ◽  
Erdawati Erdawati ◽  
Suhartono Suhartono
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Group Content ◽  
Made In

Abstrak Pada penelitian ini dibuat adsorben berupa Bio-char dari kayu akasia (Acacia mangium). Bio-char kayu akasia dibuat dengan cara dipirolisis. Sebum buatan dibuat dengan cara mencampurkan bahan-bahan penyusunnya sesuai komposisi berdasarkan literatur, yaitu squalene, asam lemak, trigliserida, ester wax dan kolesterol yang kemudian dilarutkan dengan toluena. Bio-char kemudian direndam ke dalam larutan sebum dengan variasi massa dan waktu. Kandungan gugus fungsi dari Bio-char kayu akasia ditunjukan melalui hasil analisis FTIR bahwa terdapat gugus amina, karboksil dan hidroksil. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa semakin besar massa Bio-char maka akan semakin optimum daya adsorpsinya dengan waktu optimum 20 menit. Adsorpsi sebum buatan oleh Bio-char kayu akasia mengikuti isoterm adsorpsi yang menunjukan bahwa Bio-char kayu akasia bertipe mesopori. Kata kunci: adsorpsi, bio-char, mesopori, sebum Abstract In this research, an adsorbent was made in the form of Bio-char from acacia wood (Acacia mangium). Acacia wood Bio-char is made by pyrolysis. Artificial sebum is made by mixing the ingredients according to the composition based on literature, namely squalene, fatty acids, triglycerides, ester waxes, and cholesterol which are then dissolved with toluene. Bio-char immersed in a sebum solution with variations in mass and time. The functional group content of acacia wood Bio-char is shown through the results of the FTIR analysis that there are amine, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups. The results showed that the greater mass of Bio-char, it’s more optimum the adsorption power, with the optimum time of 20 minutes. Adsorption of sebum made by acacia wood Bio-char follows the adsorption isotherm which shows that the Bio-char of acacia wood is mesoporous Keywords: adsorption, Bio-char, mesoporous, sebum

scholarly journals Σύνθεση και μελέτη αναστολέων λιπολυτικών ενζύμων

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Αικατερίνη Νικολάου
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Hydroxamic Acids ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Ester Bond ◽  
Phospholipases A2 ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions

Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) are enzymes that hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids releasing free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Among them, arachidonic acid can be converted into a variety of eicosanoids by metabolic enzymes, while lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), the most abundant lysophospholipid in plasma and tissues, can be converted into lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) by a secreted enzyme that exhibits lysophospholipase D activity, known as autotaxin (ATX). Both enzymes are involved in inflammatory conditions and, as a consequence, constitute attractive targets for the development of novel agents for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Due to the fact that molecules which bear the 2-oxoamide functional group and long aliphatic chains exhibit inhibitory activity against cytosolic GIVA cPLA2, 2-oxoamideswith reduced lipophilicity were designed and synthesized. Taking into consideration that in recent years hydroxamic acids have attracted considerable attention due to their pharmacological properties, hydroxamic acids and derivatives there of were designed and synthesized, so as to evaluate their inhibitory activity against ATX.

The Leaf

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Hydroxystearic Acid ◽  
Reflection And Transmission ◽  
Visible Part ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Long Chain

Grape leaves are thin and flat. As is common among leaves in general, they are composed of different sets of specialized cells. Today, on average, sunlight reaching their surface is about 4% ultraviolet (UV) (<400 nm), 52% infrared (IR) (>750 nm) and 44% visible (VIS) radiation. Little of the UV and IR are used by plants. As with other leaves that are green, only the red and blue ends of the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum are absorbed, thus leaving green available by reflection and transmission. On the surface of the leaf (Figure 8.1), the cells of the outermost layer (the epidermis) are designed to protect the inner cells where the workings needed for gathering the sunlight used for photosynthesis and other chemistry necessary to the life of the plant are found. That is, the more delicate cells, beneath the epidermis, are involved in production of carbohydrates as well as the movement of nutrients in and products out of the leaf. The epidermis, exposed to the atmosphere, has cells that are usually thicker and are covered by a waxy layer made up of long- chain carboxylic acids that have hydroxyl groups (–OH) at or near their termini. These so-called omega hydroxy acids can then form esters using the hydroxyl group of one and the carboxylic acid of the next. This yields long-chain polyester polymers called “cutin.” As indicated in the earlier discussion of cells and, in particular, regarding the fatty acids of cell walls, the fatty acids found in the epidermis generally consist of an even number of carbon atoms, and for cutin, the sixteen carbon (palmitic acid) family (Figure 8.2) and the eighteen carbon family (oleic acid bearing a double bond or the saturated analogue stearic acid) are common. While one terminal hydroxyl group is usual (e.g., 16-hydroxypalmitic acid, 18-hydroxyoleic acid, or its saturated analogue 18-hydroxystearic acid) more than one (allowing for cross-linking) is not uncommon (e.g., 10,16-dihydroxypalmitic and 9,10,18-trihydroxystearic acid).

Surface Modification of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride -Treated Lignocellulosic Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 526-531
Author(s):  
Asanah Radhi ◽  
Abdullah Othman ◽  
Muhammad Afif Aziz ◽  
Nik Raihan Nik Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hexadecyl Trimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Lignocellulosic materials are generally considered hydrophilic due to the high density of hydroxyl groups. The use of lignocellulosic materials in hydrophobic systems thus require surface modification. Therefore, in this study, cellulose (MCC) and sawdust (SD) have been pretreated with ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) prior to surface modification with cationic surfactant, hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The effect of BMIMCl pretreatment prior to surface modification has been investigated. Crystallinity, functional group changes, morphology and thermal stability of the sawdust and cellulose upon BMIMCl pretreatment and surface modification have been studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). XRD results showed that the structure of lignocellulosic materials became more amorphous upon pretreatment with BMIMCl. FTIR results indicated that the modification of lignocellulosic is more efficient in BMIMCl-pretreated samples. Percentage of decomposition is higher for the BMIMCl-pretreated and CTAB modified samples.

Electrolysis for the benign conversion of renewable feedstocks

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 2047-2057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans J. Schäfer ◽  
Michael Harenbrock ◽  
Elisabeth Klocke ◽  
Mark Plate ◽  
Andreas Weiper-Idelmann
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Bond Forming ◽  
Carboxylic Acid Groups ◽  
Renewable Feedstocks ◽  
Good Accordance ◽  
Hydroxy Groups

A large variety of C,C-bond forming reactions and functional group interconversions can be achieved by electron transfer. For the conversion of renewable feedstocks, electrolysis has been applied to coupling of radicals generated by anodic decarboxylation of fatty acids and carboxylic acids of carbohydrates. Furthermore, a derivative of L-gulonic acid is converted nearly quantitatively into L-xylonolacton. Trimethyl aconitate from trimethyl citronate is dimerized stereoselectively at the cathode in 72 % yield to a cyclic hexamethyl ester by an inter- and intramolecular Michael addition. Two acetoxy groups are added anodically to methyl conjuenate (obtained from methyl linoleate) to form methyl (E)-9,12-diacetoxy-10-octenoate and methyl (E)-10,13-diacetoxy-11-octenoate in 85 % yield. The primary hydroxy groups in mono- and disaccharides can be oxidized to carboxylic acid groups in good yield and high selectivity by anodic oxidation with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) as mediator. The results demonstrate that electrolysis is in good accordance with many of the 12 principles of green chemistry.

Direct FTIR analysis of isolated trans fatty acids in edible oils using disposable polyethylene film

2015 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lirong Xu ◽  
Xufei Zhu ◽  
Xiumei Chen ◽  
Daijun Sun ◽  
Xiuzhu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Polyethylene Film ◽  
Ftir Analysis

Synthesis of disaccharide congeners of the Trichinella spiralis glycan and binding site mapping of two monoclonal antibodies

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1141-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Judith Appleton ◽  
Chang-Chun Ling ◽  
David R Bundle
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Site Mapping ◽  
Polar Interactions ◽  
Antigen Antibody

The tetrasaccharide epitope, β-D-Tyvp(1[Formula: see text]3)β-D-GalNAcp(1[Formula: see text]4)[α-L-Fucp(1[Formula: see text]3)]β-D-GlcNAcp (1) is the major constituent of the N-glycan expressed on the cell surface of the parasite Trichinella spiralis. Two monoclonal antibodies (Mabs 9D4 and 18H1) that protect rats against infection by T. spiralis bind the terminal disaccharide epitope β-D-Tyvp(1[Formula: see text]3)β-D-GalNAcp conjugated to BSA. The syntheses of disaccharide congeners containing mono-deoxy, mono-methyl, as well as modifications to replace the acetamido group are reported. These target disaccharides were assayed for binding to the protective MAbs. For each antibody different clusters of three hydroxyl groups, that include C-2 and C-4 of tyvelose and for 18H1, the GalNAc acetamido group, provide the key polar interactions with the antibody binding sites. Mapping of the sites by functional group replacement revealed a similar pattern of recognition for the dideoxyhexose by the two MAbs while each recognizes distinct surfaces of the GalNAc residue. Consequently although both antibodies bury the 4-OH of tyvelose, the principal contact surface occurs on opposite sides of the 3,6-dideoxyhexose.Key words: β-tyveloside, 3,6-dideoxy-D-arabino-hexose, Trichinella carbohydrate antigen, antibody mapping, Trichinella spiralis, N-glycans, molecular recognition of carbohydrates, antigen topology, functional group replacement.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antibacterial Activity, FTIR and GCMS Analysis of Ceropegia juncea Roxb.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Visveshwari M. ◽  
Subbaiyan B. ◽  
Thangapandian V.
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Major Peak ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Natural Health ◽  
Aerial Parts

The present study was focused on the preliminary phytochemical, antibacterial activity, FTIR and GC-MS analysis of aerial parts of C. juncea. Phytochemical analysis of three extracts showed that the presence of alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids. The methanol extract of aerial parts were found to be exhibit highest zone of inhibition against S. aureus (19.3mm), P. florescence (17.6mm) and K. pneumonia (17.0mm). FTIR analysis of the methanol extract given the major peak observed was at wavenumber 3354.08cm-1 that indicates the presence of O-H Alcohol functional group. 29 components were identified through the GCMS analysis of methanol extract. From results to confirm the fact that C. juncea possesses potential of bioactive compounds which are responsible for the biological activities that is useful for natural health.

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