AB024. Photo-oxidation of N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine in vitro by high-energy visible light

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. AB024-AB024
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Lambert ◽  
Mathieu Ouellette ◽  
Élodie Boisselier ◽  
Patrick J. Rochette
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Photo Oxidation

scholarly journals On the Involvement of Singlet Oxygen in the Biosynthesis of Oxygenation Products of the Furocoumarin Imperatorine

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1433-1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolaas J. de Mol ◽  
Johannes Reisch ◽  
Gerardus M. J. Beijersbergen van Henegouwen
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Uva Light ◽  
Β Carotene

The role of singlet oxygen (1O2) in the photo-oxidation of the furocoumarin im peratorine was investigated in vitro. Irradiation with visible light and sensitization with methylene blue yielded the imperatorine oxidation product isogosferol and the corresponding ketone as main products. The involvement of 1O2 was dem onstrated by studying the rate of oxidation under conditions that affect the lifetime of 1O2. Com pared to a range of other furocoumarins, im peratorine appeared to be moderately active as a 1O2 generator. The extent of 1O2 production correlated with the skin sensitizing activity. Upon irradiation of im peratorine itself with UVA light (360 nm) no isogosferol formation is observed, probably as a consequence of its photochemical instability. Irradiation with visible light (λ > 400 nm) of a chlorophyll chromophore containing sensitizer in the presence of imperatorine, yielded isogosferol and the corresponding ketone product. This dem onstrates that in the formation of 1O2 oxidation products of imperatorine in plants naturally occuring sensitizers e.g. chlorophyll and visible light are involved, rather than 1O2 produced by im peratorine or other furocoumarins and UVA light. The protective effect on the chlorophyll sensitized im peratorine oxidation by the 1O2- and chlorophyll triplet quencher β-carotene was demonstrated in a lipophilic solvent.

scholarly journals Medaka (Oryzias latipes) Embryo as a Model for the Screening of Compounds That Counteract the Damage Induced by Ultraviolet and High-Energy Visible Light

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5769
Author(s):  
Marián Merino ◽  
José Mullor ◽  
Ana Sánchez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Fish Embryo ◽  
Damage Level

Continuous overexposure to sunlight increases its harmful effects on the skin. For this reason, there is a growing need to characterize economic models more representative of the negative effects and counteracting responses that irradiation causes on human skin. These models will serve for the screening of protective compounds against damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) and high energy visible light (HEV). Therefore, two common in vitro models employed for sunlight irradiation studies, namely human keratinocyte HaCat culture and reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), were compared with the medaka fish embryo model, traditionally used in other scientific disciplines. Using suberythemal doses of UVA and HEV to determine the level of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation and thymine dimers formed by UVB, we show that medaka embryo responds with a lower damage level, more comparable to human skin, than the other two models, probably due to the protective mechanisms that work in a complete organism. In the same way, the protective effects of antioxidant compounds have the greatest effect on medaka embryos. Taken together, these findings suggest that medaka embryos would be a good alternative in vitro model for sunlight effect studies, and for the screening of molecules with counteracting capacity against the damage caused by UV and HEV.

scholarly journals β-Cyclodextrin/Triclosan Complex-Grafted Methacrylated Glycol Chitosan Hydorgel by Photocrosslinking via Visible Light Irradiation for a Tissue Bio-Adhesive

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Young Jae Moon ◽  
Sun-Jung Yoon ◽  
Jeung-Hyun Koo ◽  
Yihyun Yoon ◽  
Hye Jun Byun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Tissue Adhesive ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Glycol Chitosan

Accelerating wound healing with minimized bacterial infection has become a topic of interest in the development of the new generation of tissue bio-adhesives. In this study, we fabricated a hydrogel system (MGC-g-CD-ic-TCS) consisting of triclosan (TCS)-complexed beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-conjugated methacrylated glycol chitosan (MGC) as an antibacterial tissue adhesive. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed the inclusion complex formation between MGC-g-CD and TCS. The increase of storage modulus (G’) of MGC-g-CD-ic-TCS after visible light irradiation for 200 s indicated its hydrogelation. The swollen hydrogel in aqueous solution resulted in two release behaviors of an initial burst and sustained release. Importantly, in vitro and in vivo results indicated that MGC-g-CD-ic-TCS inhibited bacterial infection and improved wound healing, suggesting its high potential application as an antibacterial tissue bio-adhesive.

scholarly journals Ovaries of Chrysanthemum Irradiated with High-Energy Photons and High-Energy Electrons Can Regenerate Plants with Novel Traits

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1111
Author(s):  
Natalia Miler ◽  
Iwona Jedrzejczyk ◽  
Seweryn Jakubowski ◽  
Janusz Winiecki
Keyword(s):  
Total Dose ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
High Energy Electrons

Classical mutation breeding using physical factors is a common breeding method for ornamental crops. The aim of our study was to examine the utility of ovaries excised from irradiated inflorescences of Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) as explants for breeding purposes. We studied the in vitro regeneration capacity of the ovaries of two chrysanthemum cultivars: ‘Profesor Jerzy’ and ‘Karolina’ preceded by irradiation with high-energy photons (total dose 5, 10 and 15 Gy) and high-energy electrons (total dose 10 Gy). Growth and inflorescence parameters of greenhouse acclimatized regenerants were recorded, and ploidy level was estimated with flow cytometry. The strong impact of genotype on regeneration efficiency was recorded—cultivar ‘Karolina’ produced only 7 viable shoots, while ‘Profesor Jerzy’ produced totally 428 shoots. With an increase of irradiation dose, the regeneration decreased, the least responsive were explants irradiated with 15 Gy high-energy photons and 10 Gy high-energy electrons. Regenerants of ‘Profesor Jerzy’ obtained from these explants possessed shorter stem and flowered later. The highest number of stable, color and shape inflorescence variations were obtained from explants treated with 10 Gy high-energy photons. Variations of inflorescences were predominantly changes of shape—from full to semi-full. New color phenotypes were dark yellow, light yellow and pinkish, among them only the dark yellow phenotype remained stable during second year cultivation. None of the regenerants were haploid. The application of ovaries irradiated within the whole inflorescence of chrysanthemum can be successfully applied in the breeding programs, provided the mother cultivar regenerate in vitro efficiently.

Visible light induced photo-oxidation of water. Formation of intermediary hydroxyl radicals through the photoexcited triplet state of perfluorophenazine

1997 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Kitamura ◽  
Hiroyuki Fudemoto ◽  
Yuji Wada ◽  
Kei Murakoshi ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kusaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Triplet State ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Water Formation

scholarly journals Quality control in scRNA-Seq can discriminate pacemaker cells: the mtRNA bias

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Galow ◽  
Sophie Kussauer ◽  
Markus Wolfien ◽  
Ronald M. Brunner ◽  
Tom Goldammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Pacemaker Cells ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Mitochondrial Transcripts

AbstractSingle-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides high-resolution insights into complex tissues. Cardiac tissue, however, poses a major challenge due to the delicate isolation process and the large size of mature cardiomyocytes. Regardless of the experimental technique, captured cells are often impaired and some capture sites may contain multiple or no cells at all. All this refers to “low quality” potentially leading to data misinterpretation. Common standard quality control parameters involve the number of detected genes, transcripts per cell, and the fraction of transcripts from mitochondrial genes. While cutoffs for transcripts and genes per cell are usually user-defined for each experiment or individually calculated, a fixed threshold of 5% mitochondrial transcripts is standard and often set as default in scRNA-seq software. However, this parameter is highly dependent on the tissue type. In the heart, mitochondrial transcripts comprise almost 30% of total mRNA due to high energy demands. Here, we demonstrate that a 5%-threshold not only causes an unacceptable exclusion of cardiomyocytes but also introduces a bias that particularly discriminates pacemaker cells. This effect is apparent for our in vitro generated induced-sinoatrial-bodies (iSABs; highly enriched physiologically functional pacemaker cells), and also evident in a public data set of cells isolated from embryonal murine sinoatrial node tissue (Goodyer William et al. in Circ Res 125:379–397, 2019). Taken together, we recommend omitting this filtering parameter for scRNA-seq in cardiovascular applications whenever possible.

PSX-A-10 Late-Breaking: Effects of paternal high energy diets on blastocyst development during in vitro embryo production in the bovine

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 363-363
Author(s):  
Dylan B Davis ◽  
Zachary Seekford ◽  
Mackenzie Dickson ◽  
Lucas Gonçalves ◽  
Samir Burato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Gain ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
In Vitro Embryo Production ◽  
To Receive

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of paternal high energy diets on blastocyst development during in vitro embryo production (IVP). Eight sires were stratified by body weight (initial BW = 946 ± 85 kg) and randomly assigned to the same diet (NEm = 2.10, NEg = 1.44, CP = 14.1%, NDF = 16.6%, DM basis) fed at two different inclusion rates while having ad libitum access to bermudagrass hay (NEm = 1.02, NEg = 0.45, CP = 10.2%, NDF = 71.6). After a 10-d adaptation period, sires were individually fed to receive 0.5% (MAINT) or 1.25% [High gain (HG)] of their BW daily for 67 days. At the end of the feeding period, semen was collected through electroejaculation and frozen. Antral follicles were aspirated from ovaries obtained from a slaughterhouse and utilized for IVP in 4 independent replicates (n = 2,227 total oocytes). Cleavage rates were evaluated 48 h after fertilization and blastocyst development rates were evaluated after 7 days of embryo culture. The proposed treatments successfully induced differences in BW gain (P < 0.01; 2.28 vs -0.04 kg/d) and carcass composition (Rump fat: 1.63 vs. 0.41 cm, P = 0.08; Rib fat: 1.06 vs. 0.41 cm, P = 0.02; intramuscular fat: 3.5 vs. 3.0%, P = 0.36; for HG vs. MAINT sires, respectively). There was a significant decrease in cleavage rates (69.9 ± 2.5 vs. 65.0 ± 2.7; P < 0.04), blastocyst rate as a percentage of oocytes (16.7 ± 2.9 vs. 11.5 ± 2.1; P < 0.01), and blastocyst rates as a percentage of cleaved structures (24.1 ± 3.8 vs. 11.5 ± 2.1; P < 0.01) for HG compared with MAINT sires. In conclusion, sires fed diets that induce highly anabolic conditions had impaired blastocyst development compared to sires fed a maintenance diet.

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