scholarly journals Growth performance, body composition and fatty acid profile of liver and muscle in tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) fed algal meal incorporated diets

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Patra ◽  
K. Mishra ◽  
B. Patro ◽  
K. Samantaray ◽  
B. K. Khuntia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Enteromorpha Intestinalis ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Groundnut Oil

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of algal meal incorporated diets on the growth performance and fatty acid profile of tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852). Control diet (Diet 1) for the study was formulated with rice bran, groundnut oil cake (GNOC) and soybean meal. Six iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous test diets (Diets 2 to 7) were prepared by incorporating (@40%) one of the four microalgae viz., Anabaena cylindrical (AN; Nostoc salbasa (NS); Spirulina platensis (SP) and Westiellopsis prolifica (WS) or with an algal meal mixture containing the above four algae plus the macroalgal species viz., Gracilaria edulis (GE) and Enteromorpha intestinalis (EI) mixed in equal proportions along with sunflower oil and cod liver oil (by totally replacing rice bran, GNOC and soyabean meal of the control diet) (AMM+O diet, Diet 6) and AMM without addition of oils served as AMM diet (Diet 7). The algal meal supplemented diets were tested against a control diet to find out their suitability for culture of tilapia fingerlings. The fish (av. wt. 2.8 ± 0.4 g) were fed up to satiation for 56 days at 28±20C. Significant (p<0.05) enhancement in growth was observed with AN (565.2%) diet followed by SP (500%) and WS (400%) compared to control (402.3%). The AN diet showed best performance in terms of feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and specific growth rate (SGR) while AMM diet showed least efficiency. Fish fed with SP diet showed better apparent net protein utilisation (ANPU%) as compared to other diets. Saturated fatty acid (SFA) in the liver and muscle decreased while monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids increased over their respective initial values in all the dietary groups except in groups fed with AMM+O and AMM. The n-6 level of liver and muscle increased with SP diets. Substantial increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n3) in fish fed with WS emphasised the benefits of its use as dietary ingredients for tilapia. The results clearly indicated that algae like AN and SP incorporated in tilapia diet significantly enhance growth and carcass protein, whereas WS helps to improve the levels of the essential n-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA).

scholarly journals Inclusion of rapeseed and pumpkin seed cakes in diets for Murciano-Granadina goats alters the fatty acid profile of milk

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270
Author(s):  
I.M. Boldea ◽  
C. Dragomir ◽  
M.A. Gras ◽  
M. Ropotă
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Lactating Goats

The objective of this research was to assess the effects of including oil-rich feedstuffs in diets for lactating goats on the fatty acid (FA) profile of their milk. Thirty-six Murciano-Granadina goats were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, namely a control diet (CTRL), a diet based on whole rapeseed (RS), and a diet based on pumpkin seed cake (PSC). The diets were composed of 1 kg hay (70 % Italian ryegrass, 30% alfalfa) and 1.24 kg concentrate, and were formulated to be isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. Milk yield and its contents of protein, fat and lactose did not differ significantly among the groups. However, including oil-rich feeds in the diet altered the fatty acid profile of the milk significantly, decreasing its saturated fatty acid (SFA) content and increasing its content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Effects on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and the n-6 to n-3 ratio depended on the source of dietary lipids. The PSC augmented diet increased the relative amount of PUFAs and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in milk (+25 %) significantly In comparison with CTRL, whereas the RS diet produced a limited and statistically insignificant increase (+7.5%). The concentration of CLA was higher in milk from does fed the PSC diet, whereas the n-6 to n-3 ratio was lower in milk from does fed RS. These preliminary results form the basis for developing premium dairy products that are enriched in fatty acids that are more favourable for human health.

scholarly journals Proximate ComposRice Bran of Different Rice Varieties in Malaysia: Analysis of Proximate Compositions, Antioxidative Properties and Fatty Acid Profile for Data Compilationitions, Antioxidative Properties and Fatty Acid Profile of Rice Bran from Different Rice Varieties in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Najihah Ilias ◽  
Norazatul Hanim Mohd Rozalli ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Thuy Vy ◽  
Hui Yi Eng
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidative Properties ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The research aims to investigate the difference in rice bran compositions of three major paddy varieties in Malaysia, which are MR 220 CL2, MR 219 and MR 297. The proximate compositions, antioxidative properties and fatty acid profile of the rice bran were compared. Stabilization of rice bran of all varieties was conducted in prior to the extraction of rice bran oil (RBO) by using the Soxhlet extraction. Fatty acid compositions consisted in RBO of each variety were analysed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results on proximate compositions showed that MR 297 was the highest in the content of moisture (3.90 ± 0.29 %), fat (22.52 ± 0.09 %), protein (12.70 ± 0.53 %) and crude fiber (3.65 ± 0.26 %). MR 297 variety also exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, which indicated by the highest amount of total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) compared to the other two varieties. Three components of fatty acids: palmitic acid; oleic acid; alinoleic acid have made up around 90% of the total fatty acids of the RBO for all varieties. The RBO also contains ideal fatty acid compositions with more unsaturated compared to saturated fatty acid, which makes it suitable to be used as a healthy edible oil. Results of this study can provide significant nutritional information for future investigations on the conversion of this agro-waste into valuable products for animals and human benefits.

Effect of carrot supplementation on nutritional value of insects: a case study with Jamaican field cricket (Gryllus assimilis)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. Kulma ◽  
D. Petříčková ◽  
M. Kurečka ◽  
Z. Kotíková ◽  
J. Táborský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Β Carotene

The fortification of feed is known to be a useful tool to manipulate the nutritional value of insects. This study aimed to reveal the effect of carrot supplement duration on the basic nutrients, fatty acid profile, carotenes, and tocopherols. Jamaican crickets (Gryllus assimilis) were provided with chicken feed supplemented with carrots ad libitum for 0, 3, 7, 14 and 60 days prior to harvest. The supplementation increased the levels of α-carotene and β-carotene in the insects. The content of carotenoids did not significantly differ between groups fed carrot for 14 (α-carotene = 13.7 μg/g DM; β-carotene = 34.6 μg/g DM) and 60 days (α-carotene = 15.2 μg/g DM; β-carotene = 37.2 μg/g DM), suggesting that the capacity of the insects to store carotenes is limited. Some carotenoids (α-carotene = 5.4 μg/g DM; β-carotene = 12.8 μg/g DM) were found in crickets given carrot supplementation for only 3 days prior to harvest. Carrot supplementation affected the fatty acid profile of the insects. Crickets fed carrot for 60 and 14 days contained lower levels of SFA (32.00 and 32.74% of total fatty acids respectively) and higher levels of PUFA (33.06 and 32.49% of total fatty acids respectively) in comparison with insects fed for 0, 3 or 7 days. No influence of carrot supplementation was observed in feed conversion, tocopherols and basic nutrients (proteins, lipids, ash). Conclusively, the paper showed some beneficial effects of carrot supplementation, when the highest levels of carotenoids were reached by 14 and 60 days of carrot provision. Therefore, the whole life supplementation seems to be not necessary to reach the increased content of carotenoids in crickets.

scholarly journals Effect of Excessive or Restrictive Energy on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, and Intramuscular Fat Deposition in Finishing Ningxiang Pigs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Jiayi Chen ◽  
Fengming Chen ◽  
Xue Lin ◽  
Yaodong Wang ◽  
Jianhua He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding

This study investigated the effects of excessive or restrictive energy on growth performance, meat quality, intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition, and related gene expression in finishing Ningxiang pigs. A total of 36 Ningxiang pigs (43.26 ± 3.21 kg) were randomly assigned to three treatments (6 pens of 2 piglets per treatment) and fed by one of three dietary treatments until the pigs of each treatment weighed approximately 75 kg equally. The three treatments were control diet (digestible energy, DE:13.02 MJ/kg, CON), excessive energy diet (DE 15.22 MJ/kg, EE), and restrictive energy diet (DE 10.84 MJ/kg, RE). Results showed that EE improved average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p < 0.01), while nothing significantly changed by RE except FCR increasing (p < 0.01). EE increased the content of IMF and triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.05), L*24h and b*45min (p < 0.01), while decreasing cooking loss and meat tenderness in longissimus thoracis (LT) (p < 0.05). b*24h was significantly increased with the increase of energy level (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, EE increased the cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle fiber and the mRNA expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) IIb, acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein (FABP4) (p < 0.05). In addition, throughout: A diet supplemented with excessive energy promoted IMF deposition by positively changing lipogenic potential while decreasing tenderness by increasing glycolytic muscle fibers, which together affected meat quality. In terms of growth performance and meat quality, the present study suggests that the low-energy diet is suitable for finishing Ningxiang pigs.

Effect of low-oil corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles on growth performance, carcass traits and beef fatty acid profile of feedlot cattle

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. He ◽  
L. Xu ◽  
W. Z. Yang ◽  
D. Gibb ◽  
T. A. McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains

He, M. L., Xu, L., Yang, W. Z., Gibb, D. and McAllister, T. A. 2014. Effect of low-oil corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles on growth performance, carcass traits and beef fatty acid profile of feedlot cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 343–347. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of low-oil corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles (LO-DDGS) on growth, carcass traits and beef fatty acids profiles of finishing feedlot cattle. One hundred and eighty British crossbred steers (450±28.5 kg; six pens/treatment) were offered barley grain-barley silage as the control diet with LO-DDGS replacing barley grain at 200 and 300 g kg−1 dry matter basis in treatment diets. Compared with control, LO-DDGS at 200 g kg−1 did not affect growth performance or carcass traits, whereas at 300 g kg−1 it decreased (P<0.05) gain:feed, but increased (P<0.05) levels of desirable fatty acids in beef. LO-DDGS can replace 200 g kg−1 barley grain in finishing feedlot diets without undesirable impacts on growth performance or carcass traits.

scholarly journals Effects of Thermally Oxidized Vegetable Oil on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics, Gut Morphology, Nutrients Utilization, Serum Cholesterol and Meat Fatty Acid Profile in Broilers

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1528
Author(s):  
Ghulam Yaseen ◽  
Muhammad A. Sarfraz ◽  
Saima Naveed ◽  
Farooq Ahmad ◽  
Fehmeada Bibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Gut Morphology ◽  
Crypt Depth

The impacts of dietary levels of oxidized vegetable (sunflower) oil on growth performance, gut morphology, nutrients utilization, serum cholesterol and meat fatty acid profile were evaluated in Ross 308 straight-run (n = 192) day-old broilers. The broilers were arbitrarily distributed among four dietary treatments including; FVO: fresh vegetable oil (1 mEq kg−1), LOO: low oxidized (20 mEq kg−1), MOO: moderately oxidized (40 mEq kg−1), and HOO: highly oxidized vegetable oil (60 mEq kg−1) with 5% inclusion containing six replicates. Results revealed that the broilers consuming MOO and HOO based diets showed reduced (p = 0.05) feed intake, body weight gain and carcass weight accompanied by a poorer feed conversion ratio than those consuming FVO. Villus height, villus height to crypt depth ratio, ileal digestibility of crude protein (p = 0.041), crude fat (p = 0.032) and poly unsaturated fatty acids (p = 0.001) in thigh muscles were decreased, whereas crypt depth (p = 0.001), serum cholesterol levels (p = 0.023) and short chain fatty acids (p = 0.001) were increased (p < 0.001) by increasing dietary oxidation level. In conclusion, MOO and HOO exerted deleterious effects on growth, carcass weight, gut development and nutrients utilization. Low oxidized vegetable oil (20 mEq kg−1), however, with minimum negative effects can be used as a cost effective energy source in poultry diets.

scholarly journals Effect of an extruded linseed diet on meat quality traits in Nero Lucano pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1093-1103
Author(s):  
S Tarricone ◽  
M.A. Colonna ◽  
F Giannico ◽  
M Ragni ◽  
A Lestingi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of a diet containing extruded linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) on growth performances, carcass traits and meat quality in Nero Lucano pigs. Sixteen male piglets were weaned at about 50 days of age and divided into two homogeneous groups fed a control diet (C) or a diet containing 3% extruded linseed (EL). The trial lasted 32 weeks and pigs were slaughtered at 9 months of age. Samples from the Longissimus dorsi (Ld) muscle were analysed to assess physical and chemical parameters and intramuscular fatty acid composition. Average daily gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not affected by the diet. Pigs fed the C diet showed a significantly greater slaughter weight in comparison to the EL group (116.50 vs 108.25 kg) Meat pH and chemical composition were not influenced by the diet. No differences were found for shear force (WBS) in raw meat, while cooked meat of the EL group showed a lower WBS value. The EL diet significantly lowered total SFA and increased total PUFA, of both n-6 and n-3 series. Among the n-6, significant differences between dietary treatments were found for linoleic acid. As for the n-3 series, EL feeding significantly enhanced linolenic acid, EPA, DPA and DHA. Feeding EL also significantly lowered the PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 ratios and the AI and TI, with benefits for human health. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 3% EL didn't affect growth performance while it improved the fatty acid profile of meat. Keywords: fatty acid profile, feeding, flaxseed, pork

scholarly journals Inclusion of Sunflower Oil in the Bovine Diet Improves Milk Nutritional Profile

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Salles ◽  
Léa D’Abreu ◽  
Luiz Júnior ◽  
Marcelo César ◽  
Judite Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Organic Selenium

Milk and its derivatives are important foods that contribute to daily nutrient requirements and improve consumers’ health. This study evaluated the effects of supplementing the diet of lactating dairy cows with sunflower oil (SFO), selenium, and vitamin E on the milk’s fatty acid profile and fat oxidative stability as well as the acceptability of the milk by consumers. For this purpose, 32 Jersey dairy cows were allocated to four treatment groups for 60 days, as follows: C (control diet); A (3.5 mg/kg DM (dry matter) organic selenium + 2000 IU vitamin E/cow per day); O (4% SFO DM); OA (equal doses of A and O treatments). The inclusion of SFO decreased the contents of 10:0, 10:1, 11:0, 12:0, 12:1, 14:0, and 9c-14:1 fatty acids as well as odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (13:0, iso 13:0, anteiso 13:0, 15:0, iso 15:0, and 17:0). There was also a tendency for 8:0 and 16:0 fatty acid concentrations to decrease when SFO was included in the cows´ diet. SFO decreased the concentration of 10:0 to 15:0 fatty acids in milk. The sum of the conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), conjugated alpha-linolenic acid intermediates (CLnAs; 18:3 ω6 + 18:3 ω3), and 22:0 fatty acids in milk tended to increase, and there were significant increases in 18:0 and 9c11t-18:2 with SFO. In terms of the effects of SFO on the health-related lipid indices, the atherogenicity index tended to decrease and h/H tended to increase. When cows were supplemented with antioxidants, the concentration of 20:2 fatty acids decreased, the 6 + 7 + 8 + 9t-18:1, 16t-18:1, 20:0, 22:2, and 24:0 fatty acid concentrations increased, and there was a trend for the 22:1 ω9 fatty acid concentration to increase with antioxidants plus oil. There was a tendency for ω6 fatty acids and ω6/ω3 to increase with milk treated with antioxidants plus oil. The oxidative stability of milk was not influenced by the presence of SFO or antioxidants in the diet of dairy cows. Consumers desired the color and mouthfeel of the milk that was treated with SFO. Cows fed with 4% sunflower oil produced milk with an improved fatty acid profile for human nutrition, containing a higher CLA content and an improved ratio of hypocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids, without increasing the milk’s susceptibility to oxidation. The milk was also rated as being more acceptable by consumers.

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