scholarly journals Lubang Resapan Biopori untuk Meningkatkan Kapasitas Penyimpanan Air di Daerah Perakaran Jeruk Keprok (Citrus reticulata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Titistyas Gusti Aji ◽  
NFN Sutopo ◽  
Norry Eka Palupi
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Water Storage Capacity ◽  
Juice Content

<p>Lubang Resapan Biopori (LRB) dan penambahan bahan organik ke dalam LRB dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah pada jangka panjang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh jumlah LRB dan jenis bahan organik pengisi LRB terhadap kapasitas penyimpanan air di daerah perakaran tanaman jeruk keprok dewasa di lahan kering dan pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas buah. Penelitian disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan faktor yang diujikan adalah kombinasi jumlah LRB dan bahan pengisi LRB. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jumlah LRB, baik 4, 5, maupun 6 lubang dan bahan pengisi baik cocopeat maupun zeolit meningkatkan lengas tanah di daerah perakaran tanaman jeruk pada bulan kering. Penambahan cocopeat, zeolit, atau pupuk kandang ke dalam LRB meningkatkan kandungan jus. Perlakuan bahan pengisi serasah pada LRB dan tanpa LRB meningkatkan kandungan padatan terlarut total (PTT), sedangkan penambahan zeolit dan serasah serta perlakuan tanpa LRB meningkatkan kandungan asam tertitrasi total (ATT). Kadar air pada daerah perakaran yang tinggi menyebabkan peningkatan kandungan jus, serta penurunan kandungan PTT dan ATT pada buah jeruk keprok. Pembuatan LRB pada awal musim hujan dapat dilakukan sebagai upaya menabung air hujan sehingga dapat menghindarkan tanaman dari pengaruh negatif defisit air pada musim kering.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Air; Buah jeruk keprok; Kualitas; Lubang resapan biopori; Rizosfer </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Biopore Infiltration Holes (BIH) and addition of organic matters to the BIH can improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of BIH and type of BIH filler on water storage capacity in the rhizosphere of mature mandarin plants on dry land and their effect on fruit quality. The study employed a randomized block design with the tested factors of combination of BIH number and BIH filler material. The results showed that either 4, 5 or 6 holes BIH and fillers of both cocopeat and zeolite increased the soil water content in the rhizosphere in the dry months. Adding cocopeat, zeolite, or manure into BIH increased the juice content. Weeds as fillers and treatment without BIH increased the total soluble solids (TSS), while addition of zeolite and weeds and treatment without BIH increased the total acid (TA). High water content in the rhizosphere caused an increase in juice content, but a decrease in TSS and TA. Making BIH at the beginning of rainy season is an effort to save rainwater so that it can prevent plants from the negative influence of water deficit in the dry season.</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH JENIS RAGI PADA FERMENTASI KAKAO TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK CUKA KAKAO

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Nur Wienda Permata Wulandari ◽  
Dewa Gde Mayun Permana ◽  
Agus Selamet Duniaji
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Randomized Block Design

This research was aimed to determine the effect type of “ragi” on the fermentation process of cocoa and to determine type of “ragi” that can produce vinegar with the best characteristics. This research used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four types treatment of “ragi”, these are: without the addition of “ragi”, addition of bread yeast, addition of “tape ragi”, and addition of combination “ragi”. “Ragi” additions were carried out as much as 1% in each treatment. This research was repeated three times, resulting in 12 experimental units. The data was analyzed with Anova test and continued with Duncan test if the treatment had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the observed variable. This research showed that the treatment fermentation addition of tape ragi was the best treatment with characteristic 5.05 pH, 0.88% total acid, 3.33% total soluble solids, 0.59% total sugar and 0% alcohol. Keyword: cocoa, ragi, vinegar, fermentation

scholarly journals Stability of cactus-pear powder during storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Plúvia O. Galdino ◽  
Rossana M. F. de Figueirêdo ◽  
Alexandre J. de M. Queiroz ◽  
Pablícia O. Galdino ◽  
Tâmila K. da S. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT The stability of cactus-pear powder, obtained by the process of spray drying for 40 days, was evaluated under controlled conditions of relative air humidity (83%) and temperature (25 and 40 °C). The whole pulp was characterized with regard to its physico-chemical parameters: pH, total titratable acidity, soluble solids, water content, total solids, ashes, reducing sugars, total sugars, non-reducing sugars, luminosity, redness, yellowness and water activity. The stored samples in powder were evaluated every 10 days for water content, water activity, total titratable acidity and color (luminosity, redness and yellowness). The whole pulp was slightly acidic and perishable, due to the high water content. During storage, the packages did not prevent water absorption, thus increasing water content and, consequently, water activity. Yellowness oscillated along the storage time, but the predominance of the yellow color was not affected.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity and physico-chemical analysis of Campomanesia rufa (O.Berg) Nied. fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Aparecida Ferreira de Abreu ◽  
Renato Paiva ◽  
Judith Georgette Alcalde Mosqueira ◽  
Michele Valquíria dos Reis ◽  
Ana Beatriz Silva Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
High Water ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Water Content

ABSTRACT Campomanesia rufa (O. Berg) Nied. is a native Cerrado species that presents great edible potential. However, it is a species “in danger of extinction” as recommended by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). No technical and scientific information about the species exists, thus demonstrating the importance of its research. The present work aimed at the physical and chemical characterization of immature and mature C. rufa fruits. The fruits showed a change in coloration from green (b * = 25.11, h = 122.43) to yellowish-green (b * = 34.26 , h = 115.73), an increase in mass (6.54 g to 10.88 g), diameter (23.76 mm to 28.03 mm) and soluble solids (8.00 to 10.80%). The fruits presented high levels of total (1246.35 mg 100 g-1) and soluble pectin (195.93 mg 100 g-1), high water content (78.86 g 100 g-1), low pH value (3.40), and high citric acid content (1.2%). However, the fruits had low protein (0.81 g 100 g-1), lipid contents, and low caloric values (64.76 kcal 100 g-1). The fruits presented significant values of carotenoids, phenolic compounds (312.47 mg 100 g-1), vitamin C (263.60 mg 100 g-1) as well as good in vitro antioxidant activity (1862.81 µM g-1). The results obtained indicate that C. rufa fruits showed a similar composition to the fruits of other Campomanesia species, and their biological properties should be investigated additionally under in vivo conditions.

scholarly journals Production and characterization of mixed pineapple and hibiscus jam

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Eugênia Telis De Vilela Silva ◽  
Henrique Valentim Moura ◽  
Rossana Maria Feitosa de Figueiredo ◽  
Alexandre Jose De Melo Queiroz ◽  
Inácia Dos Santos Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

Pineapple is a food rich in vitamins, antioxidants and bromelain, but because it has high water content it becomes a highly perishable fruit. Hibiscus is a plant with flowers rich in phytochemicals that can be used as an ingredient to add value to processed products. The objective of this work was to prepare mixed jams using pineapple with hibiscus extract at different concentrations and to characterize the physicochemical properties of the jams produced. Experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates. The treatments consisted of three concentration levels of hibiscus extract (5, 10 and 15%) in pineapple jelly (50:50). Analyzed physical-chemical characteristics were: water content, water activity, ash, lipids, total sugars, reducing and non-reducing sugars, vitamin C, total titratable acidity, pH and total soluble solids. It was found that increasing concentrations of hibiscus in the formulations significantly influenced resulting jam composition. Increasing hibiscus concentration reduced the total sugars content and increased ascorbic acid content, acidity, total soluble solids and ash, as well as total anthocyanins and flavonoids contents. Among the jams produced, the formulation with 15% hibiscus was distinguished by its high content of ascorbic acid, flavonoids and anthocyanins. The addition of hibiscus to pineapple jelly improves the nutritional and functional value of the resulting jams, so it can be considered a high potential ingredient for this type of product.

Fire Resistance Characteristics of Fire Protection Materials With High-Water Content

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Asako ◽  
T. Otaka ◽  
Y. Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
High Water ◽  
Heat Propagation ◽  
Silica Gels ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Super Absorbent Polymer ◽  
Water Storage Capacity

Abstract It is well known that moist fire protection materials show good fire resistance characteristics. For this reason, these materials are usually made of mixtures of cement mortar and high-water content materials such as silica gels or moist perlites. The latent heat of water plays an important role in the resistance of heat propagation in these materials. In this study, the thermal conductivity of mixtures of perlite-mortar and super-absorbent polymer gel to increase its water storage capacity, were measured. Also, the water content of the test materials was measured. Using the measured thermal properties of such fire protection materials, the numerical simulation for the fire resistant test were conducted. The effects of mixing ratio of the gels and the perlite-mortar on the fire resistance characteristics are discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Foliar Application of Macro and Micronutrients on Quality of Kinnow Mandarin

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Reetika . ◽  
G. S. Rana ◽  
Komal . ◽  
Pooja . ◽  
M. K. Rana
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Kinnow Mandarin ◽  
Juice Content

Aims: To determine the suitable combination of fertilizers for obtaining high quality fruits from Kinnow orchard. Study Design: The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications per treatment on Kinnow mandarin. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted on seven years old earmarked plants at Experimental Orchard and in Post-harvest Technology Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India during the year 2016-17. Methodology: The treatments comprising of 11 combinations of Urea, K2SO4, ZnSO4, FeSO4 and boric acid which were laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Seven years old uniformly grown trees spaced at 6x6 m were selected for the present study and analyzed for yield and quality parameters such astotal soluble solids (%), acidity (%), ascorbic acid (mg/100 ml juice), juice content (%), TSS to acid ratio etc. Results: In comparison to other fertilizers combinations, the maximum fruit yield per plant (97.83 kg/plant), juice content (49.47%), total soluble solids (9.80%), TSS to acid ratio (11.95) and ascorbic acid content (32.30mg/100ml) and minimum acidity (0.83%), rag (24.00%) and peel content (25.60%) and peel thickness (3.42 mm) were registered with foliar application of Urea 1.0% + K2SO4 1.0% + ZnSO4 0.5% + FeSO4 0.5% + H3BO3 0.2%, however, the foliar spray of Urea, K2SO4, ZnSO4, FeSO4 and boric acid had no effect on number of seeds per fruit in Kinnow mandarin. Thus it is clear from results that foliar nutrient application showed a stimulating influence on yield and quality parameters of Kinnow fruits. Conclusion: From the research findings it can be concluded that the maximum potential of Kinnow mandarin plants in respect of fruit yield per plant, juice content, total soluble solids, TSS to acid ratio and ascorbic acid content was exploited to a maximum level and the acidity, rag and peel content and peel thickness to a minimum level with foliar application of Urea 1.0% + K2SO4 1.0% + ZnSO4 0.5% + FeSO4 0.5% + H3BO3 0.2%.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemangkasan Tajuk Terhadap Produktivitas dan Mutu Buah Jeruk Keprok Pulung (Effect of Pruning Canopy on Productivity and Fruit Quality of Mandarin cv Pulung)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Agus Sugiyatno ◽  
NFN Yenni ◽  
Buyung Al Fanshuri
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fruit Diameter

<p>Pemangkasan merupakan tindakan dalam budidaya tanaman yang berperan penting dalam mengatur percabangan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemangkasan tajuk tanaman terhadap produktivitas dan mutu buah jeruk keprok Pulung. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2015 – Agustus 2016 di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Tlekung Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) pada tanaman jeruk keprok Pulung berumur 6 tahun. Penelitian berdasarkan Rancang Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu pemangkasan pemeliharaan (P), pemangkasan bentuk V (V), pemangkasan lorong (L), pemangkasan samping (S), dan tidak dipangkas (K). Setiap perlakuan diulang lima kali dengan sembilan unit tanaman per ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah bunga tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan pemangkasan bentuk V (V), yaitu 85,30%, jumlah buah tertinggi pada perlakuan pemangkasan bentuk V (V) dan perlakuan pemangkasan samping (S) masing-masing sebesar 208,8 buah/pohon dan 201 buah/pohon. Rerata diameter dan bobot buah tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan pemangkasan pemeliharaan (P), yaitu 66,20 mm dan 143,75 g. Dari hasil analisis buah jeruk, total gula tertinggi (7,5%) dan total asam terendah (1,79%) diperoleh pada tanaman yang diperlakukan pemangkasan samping (S), sedangkan total karotenoid tertinggi (10,63 µg/g) terdapat pada tanaman yang diperlakukan pemangkasan lorong (L) dan kadar air yang tertinggi sebesar 90,08% dimiliki oleh tanaman kontrol (tanpa pemangkasan). Perlakuan pemangkasan samping (S) dapat direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan di petani karena menghasilkan jumlah buah yang tinggi dengan rasa yang manis.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Jeruk; Kanopi; Pemangkasan; Produktifitas; Mutu buah</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Pruning plays an important role in regulating branching of fruit plants. This research was aimed to examine the effect of canopy pruning on productivity and fruit quality of mandarin cv Pulung. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Tlekung ICSFRI on 6 year old tree of mandarin cv. Pulung. The observation was carried out from August 2015 until August 2016. The study was analyzed by using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatments and five replicates. The treatments were consisted of pruning for maintenance (P), V shape pruning (V), alley shape pruning (L), side pruning (S), and unpruning (K). The results indicate that the highest number of flowers is shown by V shape pruning treatment (V) i.e. 85.30%, the highest number of fruits is performed by V shape pruning treatment (V) and side pruning treatment (S), with the average of 208.8 and 201 fruits per tree. The mean fruit diameter and weight is the highest in pruning for maintenance treatment (P), i.e. 66.20 mm and 143.75 g, respectively. The highest total sugar (7.5%) and lowest total acid (1.79%) were obtained in the side pruning treatment (S), while the highest total caratenoid (10.63 µg / g) was found in the alley pruning treatment (L) and the highest water content of 90.08% is owned by the control (unpruning). Results of the study suggest that side pruning treatment (S) can be recommended as the best pruning practice to farmers since it may produce highest number of fruits and sweetest taste.</p>

scholarly journals Quality changes in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) roots during storage period in piles

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Entessar Al-Jbawi ◽  
Sameer Al Geddawi ◽  
Gaidaa Alesha
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
Winter Time

Root transportation or remaining in fields or trucks for many days before manufacturing is considered one of the main problems that leads to the deterioration of root quality, and caused a great loss for the farmer and government. Because of the importance of this issue, a study was conducted during 2007 and 2008 seasons at winter time (15th of Jan) at Al Ghab Agriculture Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria, to determine the effect of some agricultural treatments (varieties), and environment conditions on the quality traits, water content of sugar beet during 1-10 days after harvest. Also to estimate correlation coefficient between post harvest period and the quality traits and water content. Four recommended sugar beet varieties were used, tow monogerm i.e. Rizor and Sherif, and tow multigerm i.e. Hospoly and Kronos. Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) was used with four replicates. The results showed that prolonging storage period of the harvested roots leads to high and gradual increment in the total soluble solids (brix %), from the first day to the last day of the studied storage period. The percent of increment for all varieties in brix% was 42.98%. Also the results clarified low sugar percent, and water content, which were 46 and 21.25 %, respectively. The reduction in juice purity % ranged from 76.08% in the first day to 67.23% in the last day for all varieties. The coefficient of correlation (r) exhibited a positive correlation between brix % and sucrose % , and a negative correlation between brix % and purity %, and also a negative correlation between water content and both brix and sucrose percentages.International Journal of Environment Vol.4(4) 2015: 77-85

scholarly journals SPORE PROPAGATION OF INDIGENOUS ENDOMYCHORIZA FROM SEVERAL ROOTING AREAS OF SNAKE FRUIT ON DIFFERENT SOIL WATER CONTENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Rai ◽  
I Ketut Suada ◽  
M. Praborini ◽  
I Wayan Wiraatmaja
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Design Patterns ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Cultivation of organic snake fruit in Bali which is done on dry land with the irrigation depends on rainfall and the fertilization generally only uses uncertain amount of fallen leaves, it reduces the productivity, quality, and continuity of fruit production over time. In rhizosphere of snake fruit there are various types of indigenous endomycorrhiza that potentially can be developed as biofertilizer, but as a biofertilizer, the low number of spores population for inoculum becomes a limiting factor in using indigenous endomycorrhiza. The effort that can be done are to propagate the spores by giving water stress treatment. This study aimed to obtain the best rhizosphere location of snake fruit as the source of spores and the level of soil water content to multiply the spores. The research was conducted in the green House, Farm Station, Agriculture Faculty, Udayana University at Jalan Pulau Moyo, Denpasar, from October 2017 to January 2018. The spore propagation used nested experiment with Randomized Block Design patterns. The treatments were rhizosphere location as the source of indigenous endomycorrhizas spore consists of three levels (Bebandem District Karangasem Regency, Payangan District Gianyar Regency, and Pupuan District Tabanan Regency) and soil water content consists of three levels (100%, 70%, and 40% field capacity). The results of the research showed that the source of indigenous endomychorrizae from snake fruit rhizosphere in Payangan District gave the highest number of spores found and the highest percentage of the spore increase after propagation. While in the soil water content treatments, the highest number of spores found and the percentage of the spore increase after propagation were obtained at soil water content of 40% field capacity. The percentage of root infections from different sources of indigenous endomychorrhizae and different levels of soil water content is same i.e 100%.

scholarly journals Osmotic Dehydration Process Study With Complementary Banana Peel Drying

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Josinaldo Ferreira Da Silva Júnior ◽  
Ângela Maria Santiago ◽  
Pablícia Oliveira Galdino ◽  
Newton Carlos Santos ◽  
Sâmela Leal Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Dehydration Process ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Physical Chemical

The present study aims to perform combined osmoconvective and convective drying processes on banana peel and evaluate the influence of these processes on their physical and physical-chemical properties. A factorial planning of 22 + 3 central points was carried out to evaluate the effect of the input variables: sucrose concentration varying between 40 and 60 °Brix and temperature between 40 and 60 °C, on the response variables: loss of water and mass and gain of solids in the banana peels. The drying kinetics was performed at 60 °C and empirical mathematical models were adjusted to the experimental data. The fresh peels, osmotically dehydrated, after drying process (in the optimized condition) and during 30 days of storage were characterized as for the parameters: pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), TSS / TTA ratio, water content and total solids, ash, ascorbic acid, reducing sugars, color (L *, a * and b *) and water activity (Aw). The banana peels used in the experiments had a high water content and reasonable amounts of carbohydrates and ashes. The condition that showed the greatest reduction in water content and greatest gains in solids was using the temperature of 60 ° C and 60 ° Brix, being considered the optimized. The osmoconvective dehydration process resulted in a greater incorporation of total soluble solids and higher percentages of total solids in the shells. Page's mathematical model was the one that best fitted the experimental data; the effective diffusivity of the process was 2.2 x 10-8 m2.s-1. And the physical and physical-chemical parameters analyzed during the storage had small changes during the period of 30 days of storage.

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