scholarly journals PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM DAN FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN AIR TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK, KIMIA DAN BIOLOGI TANAH SERTA PERTUMBUHAN JARAK PAGAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
DJAJADI DJAJADI ◽  
BAMBANG HELIYANTO ◽  
NURUL HIDAYAH
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Water Holding

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Lahan pertanian yang didominasi oleh partikel pasir di daerah lahankering iklim kering mempunyai kapasitas yang rendah dalam menyimpanair dan unsur hara, serta rentan terhadap erosi. Penambahan tanah liat,zeolit, dan bahan organik diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kadar unsur haratanah, kadar air tanah, dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian yangdilakukan dari bulan Mei sampai Desember 2008 ini bertujuan untukmengetahui pengaruh penambahan tanah liat, zeolit dan interaksinyadengan bahan organik terhadap stabilitas makroagregat, kadar unsur haraC, N, P, dan K, daya pegang air tanah berpasir, populasi mikroorganismetanah serta pertumbuhan jarak pagar. Media tanam yang diuji sebanyak 5jenis, yaitu (1) 100% tanah pasir, (2) 95% tanah pasir + 5% tanah liat, (3)95% tanah pasir + 5% zeolit, (4) 94,2% tanah pasir + 5% tanah liat + 0,8%bahan organik, dan (5) 94,2% tanah pasir + 5% zeolit + 0,8% bahanorganik. Untuk mengetahui kemampuan daya pegang air tanah, makaperlakuan jenis media tersebut dikombinasikan dengan perlakuanfrekuensi pemberian air, yaitu dengan interval 7 dan 21 hari sekali.Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok faktorial denganempat kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan 5%tanah liat + 0,8% bahan organik pada tanah berpasir dapat meningkatkanproporsi makroagregat, kadar unsur hara C, N, P, dan K, serta kapasitasdaya pegang air tanah. Penambahan sebanyak 5% zeolit pada tanah pasirmeningkatkan populasi bakteri. Peningkatan populasi jamur lebih dipacudengan frekuensi pemberian air 7 hari sekali. Pertumbuhan tinggi tanamanjarak pagar juga lebih dipercepat oleh pemberian air dengan frekuensi 7hari sekali.</p><p>Kata kunci: Jatropha curcas, pasir, liat, zeolit, bahan organik, kesuburantanah, pengairan</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The role of clay, zeolit, and organic matter in increasingsoil fertility of sandy soil as growth media for Jatrophacurcas</p><p>Agricultural sandy soils have low capability to retain water andnutrients. Addition of clay, zeolit and organic matter to these soils wasexpected to increase macro-aggregate stability, soil nutrients and waterholding capacity. The research had been conducted from May up toDecember 2008 to find out the effect of addition of clay, zeolit, and theirinteractions with organic matter in increasing sandy soil fertility as growthmedia for Jatropha curcas. The study had an objective to quantify theeffect of plant media and frequency of watering on soil macro-aggregatestability, soil nutrients, water holding capacity, soil microorganismspopulation, and growth of J. curcas. Plant growth media tested in thisstudy consisted of 5 types, i.e. (1) 100% sand soil, (2) 95% sand soil + 5%clay soil, (3) 95% sand soil + 5% zeolit, (4) 94.2% sand soil + 5% clay +0.8% organic matter, and (5) 94.2% sand soil + 5% zeolit + 0.8% organicmatter. Watering of plant was divided into two time intervals, i.e. each of 7days and each of 21 days. Results showed that plant media which was amixture of 94.2% sand soil + 5% clay + 0.8% organic matter increasedproportion of maco-aggregate, plant nutrients (C, N, P, K) and soil waterholding capacity. Plant media consisted of mixture of 95% sand soil + 5%zeolit was suitable for development of bacteria population. Acceleratingof growth of J curcas was induced by watering with interval of 7 days.</p><p>Key words: Jatropha curcas, sand, clay, zeolit, organic matter, watering,soil fertility</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of Potato Farmland Soil Nutrient Based on MDS-SQI Model in the Loess Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3957
Author(s):  
Yingying Xing ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Niu ◽  
Wenting Jiang ◽  
Xiukang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Farmland Soil

Soil nutrients are essential nutrients provided by soil for plant growth. Most researchers focus on the coupling effect of nutrients with potato yield and quality. There are few studies on the evaluation of soil nutrients in potato fields. The purpose of this study is to investigate the soil nutrients of potato farmland and the soil vertical nutrient distributions, and then to provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the fertilizer management practices for potatoes in Loess Plateau. Eight physical and chemical soil indexes were selected in the study area, and 810 farmland soil samples from the potato agriculture product areas were analyzed in Northern Shaanxi. The paper established the minimum data set (MDS) for the quality diagnosis of the cultivated layer for farmland by principal component analysis (PCA), respectively, and furthermore, analyzed the soil nutrient characteristics of the cultivated layer adopted soil quality index (SQI). The results showed that the MDS on soil quality diagnosis of the cultivated layer for farmland soil included such indicators as the soil organic matter content, soil available potassium content, and soil available phosphorus content. The comprehensive index value of the soil quality was between 0.064 and 0.302. The SPSS average clustering process used to classify SQI was divided into three grades: class I (36.2%) was defined as suitable soil fertility (SQI < 0.122), class II (55.6%) was defined as moderate soil fertility (0.122 < SQI < 0.18), and class III (8.2%) was defined as poor soil fertility (SQI > 0.186). The comprehensive quality of the potato farmland soils was generally low. The proportion of soil nutrients in the SQI composition ranged from large to small as the soil available potassium content = soil available phosphorus content > soil organic matter content, which became the limiting factor of the soil organic matter content in this area. This study revolves around the 0 to 60 cm soil layer; the soil fertility decreased gradually with the soil depth, and had significant differences between the respective soil layers. In order to improve the soil nutrient accumulation and potato yield in potato farmland in northern Shaanxi, it is suggested to increase the fertilization depth (20 to 40 cm) and further study the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer.

scholarly journals Role of Biochar in Improving Sandy Soil Water Retention and Resilience to Drought

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Yong-Jiang Zhang ◽  
Abigayl Novak ◽  
Yingchao Yang ◽  
Jinwu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Holding

In recent years, plants in sandy soils have been impacted by increased climate variability due to weak water holding and temperature buffering capacities of the parent material. The projected impact spreads all over the world, including New England, USA. Many regions of the world may experience an increase in frequency and severity of drought, which can be attributed to an increased variability in precipitation and enhanced water loss due to warming. The overall benefits of biochar in environmental management have been extensively investigated. This review aims to discuss the water holding capacity of biochar from the points of view of fluid mechanics and propose several prioritized future research topics. To understand the impacts of biochar on sandy soils in-depth, sandy soil properties (surface area, pore size, water properties, and characteristics) and how biochar could improve the soil quality as well as plant growth, development, and yield are reviewed. Incorporating biochar into sandy soils could result in a net increase in the surface area, a stronger hydrophobicity at a lower temperature, and an increase in the micropores to maximize gap spaces. The capability of biochar in reducing fertilizer drainage through increasing water retention can improve crop productivity and reduce the nutrient leaching rate in agricultural practices. To advance research in biochar products and address the impacts of increasing climate variability, future research may focus on the role of biochar in enhancing soil water retention, plant water use efficiency, crop resistance to drought, and crop productivity.

scholarly journals Effect of Botanical Pesticides on Soil Fertility of Coffee-Orchards

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanu B. Panthi ◽  
Bhupendra Devkota ◽  
Jyoti U. Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Botanical Pesticides ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Commercial Crop

Coffee (Coffea arabica; Rubiaceae) is a potential and emerging commercial crop. Coffee is planted in the midhills of Nepal (800 to 1250 meter above mean sea level) in Gulmi and Lalitpur districts. To control the major insect pests of coffee plant, locally prepared ‘jaibik bishadi’ (botanical pesticides) are used as alternatives of the synthetic insecticides. This study was undertaken to see the contribution of ‘jaibik bishadi’ in the fertility of the coffee orchards soil, for which soil samples from botanicals used and not used coffee orchards were collected to see the level of soil characteristics and soil nutrients such as soil texture, organic matter, soil nutrients (phosphorous and potassium). There was some difference in the soil texture of topsoil, but no difference could be seen in sand, silt and clay content of the subsoils from botanical used and not used orchards. The pH was significantly different between botanical used and not used soils, but such difference could not be observed between the topsoil and subsoil from the same sites. Jaibik bishadi used to control the coffee pests significantly contributed in the soil fertility, which could be seen in high positive correlation (r=0.9886) between organic matter and nitrogen in the soil.Keywords: Coffee, jaibik bishadi, topsoil, subsoil, soil fertilityThe Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:9, Jun.2008 page: 16-22

scholarly journals Organik Matter: It’s Role in Sustainable Farming of Sugarcane

Perspektif ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Djajadi Djajadi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Sustainable Farming

<p class="Default">ABSTRACT</p><p class="Default">Organik matter has an important role in determining soil health of sugarcane, i.e. soil capacity to support sugarcane to produce sustainable high yield. Soil organic matter influences soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, so that a consequence of declining soil organic matter is poorer soil fertility and lower yield. This paper has an objective to elucidate the important role of organic matter on sustainable farming of sugarcane. The important role of organic matter in soil fertility has been known for a long time before Green Revolution concept was introduced. With more intensity in sugarcane farming and more increasing of sugar demand, application of organic fertilizer started to be substituted by chemical fertilizer. Using green manure and/or biofertilizer has a chance to be spread out to the farmers due to more practical and more efficient than solid organik fertilizer, such as dung manure or compost. Future research should be focusing on the efectivity of green manure and or biofertilzer sources in improving soil fertility and cane yield, minimizing soil pathogen, reducing soil erosion of sugar cane land monoculture, and improving awareness of farmers about soil degradation as consequences of sugarcane monoculture planting for years.</p><p class="Default">Keywords: Organic matter, sugarcane, soil health sustainable farming</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default"><strong>Bahan Organik: Peranannya dalam Budidaya Tebu Berkelanjutan</strong></p><p class="Default">ABSTRAK</p><p class="Default">Bahan organik tanah berperan penting dalam menentukan kesehatan tanah tebu, yaitu kapasitas tanah yang dapat mendukung produksi tebu yang tinggi secara berkelanjutan. Kadar bahan organik tanah mempengaruhi sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah. Paper ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan tentang peranan bahan organik dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah pertanaman tebu. Pentingnya peran bahan oganik tersebut sudah disadari dari dulu, sehingga sebelum revolusi hijau penggunaan pupuk organik sudah umum dilakukan petani. Dengan semakin intensifnya budidaya tebu dan semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan gula, pemanfaatan pupuk organik sudah jarang dilakukan. Diperlukan usaha untuk meningkatkan dan mempertahankan kadar bahan organik pada lahan tebu, antara lain berupa gerakan masal dalam bentuk gerakan nasional melalui program aplikasi bahan organik. Pemanfaatan pupuk hijau dan/atau pupuk hayati berpeluang untuk diterapkan karena lebih praktis dan efisien daripada penambahan pupuk organik padat. Penelitian ke depan perlu difokuskan untuk mengkaji jenis-jenis pupuk organik dan pupuk hayati yang efektif memperbaiki kesuburan, dalam menekan serangan penyakit, meminimalkan erosi pada lahan-lahan tebu monokultur, dan meningkatkan kesadaran petani tebu tentang terjadinya degradasi lahan akibat penanaman tebu yang terus menerus.</p><p class="Default">Kata kunci: Bahan organik, tebu, kesehatan tanah, budidaya berkelanjutan</p><p class="Default"> </p>

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Modelling For Soil Fertility Measurements: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ramzan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance

Basic soil composition, or more precisely, soil organic matter, soil clay mineralogy and soil texture have been in the core of most infrared spectroscopy research for soils. Of course, nutrient availability, soil structure, soil microbial activity and soil fertility have also been a major subject of interest over the past two decades. The determination of soil nutrients is now becoming a routine work at large scale to gain high yield. The large number of soil nutrients determining techniques are used. The current paper presented that among tested techniques, Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) is a best technique which has been used widely with minimum time, low in cost, ecofriendly and rapid determination of chemical, physical properties and organic matter present in soil. Obviously, this useful technique can be used to estimate properties such as mineral composition, SOM, water, percentage of carbon, nitrogen and clay content. It could be used directly in soil mapping, for monitoring soil, for making inferences about its quality and function, and making geomorphological interpretations of its distribution. The development of most accurate and trustworthy NIRS approaches are required.

scholarly journals The role of fertiliser in the invasion of South Island high country by hawkweeds

1996 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Warwick Harris ◽  
Jiangwen Fan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Rumex Acetosella ◽  
Mouse Ear ◽  
Fertiliser Application

An hypothesis, that the invasion of hawkweeds (Hierucium species) into South Island high country was triggered by fertiliser application from about 1950, is examined. Reference is made to the historical occurrence of hawkweeds in New Zealand, volumes and patterns of fertiliser application to high country, and experimental and observational information about the response of hawkweeds to soil fertility. Both mouse ear (H. pilosella) and king devil (H. praealtum) hawkweeds show marked and rapid increases in vegetative growth and flowering when available soil nutrients are increased. The response of hawkweeds to soil fertility is much greater than that of fescue tussock (Festuca novae-zelandiae) but appears similar to that of most introduced grasses, legumes and weeds. A specific P effect is inferred to explain why sheep's sorrel (Rumex acetosella) became an important weed of tussock grasslands before hawkweeds. Keywords: fescue tussock, hawkweeds, Hieracium, high country, sheep's sorrel, soil fertility,

Perbaikan Stabilitas Agregat Tanah Pasir Berlempung Menggunakan Bakteri Pemantap Agregat dan Bahan Organik

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Diana Utama ◽  
Nuni Gofar ◽  
Adipati Napoleon
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
Observation Period

<p class="teksabst"><strong>Abstrak.</strong><em> </em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis stabilitas agregat tanah dengan perlakuan berbagai isolat bakteri pemantap agregat (BPA) dan bahan organik berupa kompos yang terbuat dari campuran 90% rumput <em>Cyperus pilosus</em> Vahl dan 10% kotoran sapi, dengan masa inkubasi yang berbeda. Taraf perlakuan terdiri dari kontrol, kombinasi isolat I, II, dan III masing – masing dikombinasikan dengan komposisi bahan organik 0%, 0.5%, dan 1%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan aplikasi isolat BPA pada tanah pasir berlempung disertai pemberian bahan organik menyebabkan populasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa aplikasi keduanya. <em>Klebsiella </em>sp. LW-13 yang dikombinasi dengan 1% bahan organik dan <em>Bukholderia anthina </em>MYSP113 yang dikombinasi dengan berbagai taraf bahan organik (0 hingga 1%) menyebabkan agregat menjadi sangat mantap sekali pada pengamatan 60 hari setelah aplikasi. Eksopolisakarida yang dihasilkan bakteri akan mengikat partikel tanah dan membentuk agregasi. Penggunaan bakteri <em>Bukholderia anthina </em>MYSP113 dinilai lebih efisien dalam pemanfaatannya untuk memantapkan agregat tanah karena memiliki kemampuan terbaik untuk memantapkan agregat tanah hingga sangat mantap sekali dengan atau tanpa penambahan bahan organik pada periode 60 hari pengamatan.</p><p><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em>. This study aimed to analyze the aggregate stability of soil with sdifferent treatments of aggregate-stabilizing bacteria and organic matter (compost made of mixture of 90% Cyperus pilosus Vahl grass biomass and 10% cattle manure) at different incubation period. Treatments consisted of control, combination of three different isolate with three different composition of organic matter (0%, 0.5%, and 1%). The results showed that the application of aggregate-stabilyzing bacteria to loamy sand soil and organic matter causes a higher bacteria population than without both applications. Klebsiella sp. LW-13 combined with 1% organic matter and Bukholderia anthina MYSP113 which was combined with various levels of organic matter (0 to 1%) showed high aggregation at observation of 60 days after application. The exopolysaccharide produced by bacteria binds soil particles and forms soil aggregation. The use of Bukholderia anthina MYSP113 bacteria is considered to be efficient in its utilization to stabilize soil aggregates because it has the best ability to stabilize soil aggregates to be highly stable with or without the addition of organic matter in the 60-day observation period.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ORGANIC MATTER ON IMPROVEMENT OF THE PROPERTIES OF KUSAMBA BEACH SAND SOIL, DAWAN SUB-DISTRICT, KLUNGKUNG REGENCY, BALI FOR WATERMELON (Citrullus lanatus Tunb) CULTIVATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Wiyanti Wiyanti ◽  
Ni Nengah Soniari ◽  
I Nyoman Dibia
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Beach Sand ◽  
Soil Permeability ◽  
Sand Soil

The study on The Role of Organic Matter on Improvement of The Properties of Kusamba Beach Sand Soil, Dawan Sub-District, Klungkung Regency, Bali For Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Tunb) Cultivation was conducted in the green house of Agriculture Faculty, Udayana University, Bali. The aim of this study was to determine the role of organic matter in the soil properties of beach sand (Entisol type) to increase crop productivity of watermelon. The research used pot experiment with completely randomized design (CRD) method. The treatments used was organic fertilizer of waste cattle with base fertilizer (N, P, K). The dosage of organic fertilizer were: P0 (20% of the weight of soil); P1 (40%); P2 (60%), and P3 (80%). Each treatment was repeated three times, so in total were 12 pots treatment. Organic matter can decrease bulk density, soil permeability, and increase the total porosity of the soil. It was also able to increase total nitrogen, availability P in soil, dry weight of crop and the weight of the fruit at harvest. The highest bulk density was at P0 and the lowest was at P3 or decreased by 23.17%. The soil porosity increased by 7.98%, while the soil permeability decreased by 26.29%. The highest of total Nitrogen and P availability at treatment P3 which increased by 100% and 135.33% repectively when compared with P0. The dry weight of crop and weight of fruit at harvest increased of 48.81% and 97.70% when compared with treatment of P0.

scholarly journals ROLE OF CARBON CIRCULATION AS A BASIS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF THE SOIL FERTILITY MONITORING SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Yury Larionov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Biochemical Compounds ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Carbon Compounds

The most important role in ensuring soil fertility is played by biological processes, and this, above all, the cycles of the main nutrients of plants, animals and microorganisms. Cycles play an important role in the biosphere, providing direct and inverse links in the chains of the agro-ecological system, while maintaining the integrity of the biosphere. To monitor soil fertility it is necessary to determine (find) an integral index and its cycle, which most objectively reflects this property of the soil. Such an indicator, according to our research, is the quantity and qualitative composition of organic matter in the soil, which mainly consists of plant biomass, as well as micro and animal organisms. From the standpoint of chemistry, carbon is a part of the organic matter of the soil in the form of a huge amount of biochemical compounds containing virtually the entire table D.I. Mendeleev, but only about 30 elements (organogenic) have fixed amount and are found in organisms all the time. At the same time, the ratio of organogenic elements in the soil is different, more concentrated, rather than in the crust, established by geochemistry. In this regard, we found that the main indicator of soil fertility (having a closer correlation with it and integrally reflecting it) can be the content and balance of organic matter in it, the activity of which determines the effective and potential soil fertility. As an indicator of the cycle of organic matter it is necessary to use the carbon cycle in the soil on which all organic matter in the biosphere is built. The role of many biochemical carbon compounds in the evolution of living and soil fertility remains is to be seen.

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