scholarly journals Tantangan Pencapaian Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) Bidang Kesehatan di Indonesia

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Budi Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Health Area ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
The Government ◽  
Intervention Policy ◽  
Hiv Aids

Laporan pemerintah tentang pencapaian MDGs di Indonesia sampai tahun 2002 merefleksikan komitmen dalam mensejahterakan rakyat. Kesehatan yang dijabarkan dalam berbagai indikator tujuan 4, 5, dan 6 dilaporkan membaik. Tulisan ini menelaah status pencapaian, mencari penjelasan latar belakang pencapaian, dan menilai prospek pencapaian MDGs utamanya bidang kesehatan. Hasil telaah menunjukkan sebagian besar indikator kesehatan membaik, tetapi lamban. Walau menurun, angka kematian ibu dan anak masih tinggi. Penyakit infeksi dan masalah gizi masih prevalen. Akses masyarakat terhadap pelayanan kesehatan masih rendah. Biaya masih menjadi penghambat utama pelayanan kesehatan bagi mereka yang membutuhkan. Program pemberantasan penyakit menular, termasuk HIV/AIDS, malaria, dan TB masih dihadapkan pada banyak hambatan. Prevalensi malaria dan TB masih tinggi, sementara epidemi HIV/AIDS di beberapa daerah sudah mulai masuk kedalam populasi rendah. Gambaran ini menyiratkan prognosis pencapaian MDGs di Indonesia yang kurang menggembirakan. Tantangan utama pencapaian MDGs bidang kesehatan adalah bagaimana pemerintah dapat menerjemahkan komitmen dan kebijakan intervensi efektif yang sudah tersedia menjadi program rutin pelayanan kesehatan yang dapat langsung menyentuh masyarakat, terutama mereka yang paling membutuhkan, yaitu masyarakat miskin.Kata kunci: Pencapaian MDGs, bidang kesehatan, masyarakat miskinAbstractGovernment’s report on achievement of MDGs in Indonesia until 2002 reflects commitment towards people’s welfare. Health area as explained in indicators of goals 4, 5, and 6 were reported as improved. This review examines achievement status, elucidates background explanation about those achievement status, and assesses prospect of MDG achievement, particularly in health area. The review shows that most of MDG’s health indicators improved but in a slow manner. Funding is still posed as the main constraint of health care of those who needed it. Eradication program of infectious and contagious diseases, including HIV/AIDS, malaria, and TB faces many hurdles. Malaria and TB prevalences are still high , while HIV/AIDS epidemic in several areas has shown infiltration and spread among low socio-economic population groups. This situation reflects a not very good prognostic of MDG achievement in Indonesia. The main challenge of MDG achievement in health area in Indonesia is related to question on how the government could translate commitment and effective intervention policy into routine health care program that directly touch the people, especially those who need most: the poor.Keywords: MDG achievement, health area, the poor

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in west China

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 324-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Hu ◽  
Xia Qin ◽  
Min-Zhen Zhu ◽  
Sen Yang ◽  
Xue-Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
The West ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Hiv Aids

China is facing a major crisis because of the increasing epidemic of HIV/AIDS, especially in the western areas. The purpose of this paper is to enhance understanding of the crisis by analysing the published literature on the epidemiology, demographic features, routes of infection, and risk factors of HIV/AIDS infection in the 12 provinces in the west of China. HIV/AIDS has increased rapidly in recent years. The situation is urgent and requires comprehensive action. China's health care system is decentralized and under-funded, and access to treatment by the poor is seriously limited. There is a lack of knowledge about HIV/AIDS in the general public and health care workers. The HIV/AIDS epidemic emerged initially in western areas of the country by means of intravenous drug use, but sexual risk behaviour and mother-to-child transmissions in the west of China are becoming important for HIV transmission.

scholarly journals Nurses Perception Of Their Workload And Pay In The Era Of HIV/AIDS In Gaborone And The Surrounding Areas Of Botswana

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keratilwe Bodilenyane ◽  
Baakile Motshegwa
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Sector ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Government ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Hiv Aids

AbstractThe purpose of this research paper was to explore how HIV/AIDS manipulate nurses’ perception of their workload and pay in the era of HIV/AIDS in Gaborone and the surrounding areas of Botswana. The health care sector in Botswana is overwhelmed by HIV/AIDS, and this takes a toll on the nurses because they are the ones at the forefront in the fight against this demanding and risky illness at the workplace. The focus in this study was on the workload and pay in the era of HIV/AIDS. The general picture that emerges from the current study is that nurses are dissatisfied with their pay and to some extent the workload and this supports some of the earlier studies which reinforce their importance in the workplace. The study used both primary and secondary sources of information. For the purpose of this study convenience sampling was used. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The study adapted Index of Organizational Reactions (IOR). The findings of the current study will help the government to design strategies that will increase the level of job satisfaction among the nurses in the public health care sector of Botswana.

scholarly journals Kendala Organisasi Berbasis Komunitas dalam Program Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan HIV/AIDS: Studi Kasus pada Dua LSM Peduli AIDS di Jakarta

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Ranti Suciati ◽  
Mujiati Mujiati ◽  
Novianti Novianti
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Community Based Organizations ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstrak Semakin meningkatnya jumlah kasus HIV/AIDS di Indonesia, berdampak tidak hanya pada masalah kesehatan, memacu pemerintah untuk melibatkan masyarakat sipil dalam Organisasi Berbasis Komunitas (OBK) untuk ikut berperan dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS. Pentingnya identifikasi kendala atau hambatan yang dihadapi oleh OBK memunculkan strategi atau alternatif solusi untuk mengatasi kendala, serta memberikan gambaran model intervensi yang lebih sinkron antara pemerintah dan masyarakat. Desain penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan melakukan studi kasus di dua LSM Peduli AIDS di Jakarta. Informan dipilih secara purposive sampling yaitu pengurus, anggota/petugas, dan dampingan dari dua OBK. Pengumpulan informasi dengan wawancara mendalam berdasarkan pedoman wawancara dan diolah menggunakan metode content analysis. Kendala yang dihadapi OBK yaitu alur rujukan BPJS yang mengikuti domisili sehingga memberatkan pasien, kurang optimalnya koordinasi dan kerjasama antara OBK dengan Puskesmas, belum meratanya kualitas dan kapasitas SDM anggota OBK, persoalan administratif organisasi, sumber dana yang tidak selalu kontinu, adanya perbedaan kepentingan antara OBK dengan pihak kepolisian, serta masih tingginya stigma masyarakat terhadap penderita HIV/AIDS. Solusi mengatasi kendala OBK dilakukan dengan peningkatan efektifitas pelaksanaan program pemerintah melalui OBK, antara lain dengan penerapan fleksibilitas pengelolaan dana berdasarkan kinerja OBK, peningkatan kapasitas SDM, pemantapan sistem manajerial, pemahaman alur layanan kesehatan di Puskesmas, serta social support bagi penderita HIV/AIDS. Kata kunci: organisasi berbasis komunitas, LSM, HIV/AIDS Abstract The increasing number of HIV/AIDS cases in Indonesia that impact not only on health issues, spur the Government to involve civil society in community-based organizations (OBK) to play a role in HIV/AIDS prevention program. Identification of constraints or obstacles faced by OBK do as they can generate alternative strategies or solutions to overcome these constraints, and provide a more synchronous model of intervention between the government and the community. This type of research is a case study at two AIDS Awareness NGOs in Jakarta. The informants were chosen by purposive sampling ie the board, members/officers, and assistants from the two NGOs. Information collection with by in-depth interview based on interview guideline and processed using content analysis method. Constraints faced by the OBK is the issue of referral flow pathways that follow the domicile so burdensome patients, less optimal coordination and cooperation between OBK with primary health care, uneven quality and capacity of human resources of NGO members, organizational administrative issues, sources of funds that are not always continuous, different interests between the OBK with the police department, and the stigma. Reduction of obstacles faced by OBK can be done by increasing the effectiveness of government program implementation through OBK, among others by applying flexibility of fund management based on OBK performance, human resource capacity building, managerial system strengthening, understanding of health service flow in primary health care, and social support for patient HIV/AIDS. Keywords: community-based organizations, NGOs, HIV/AIDS

scholarly journals Kebijakan Pengendalian HIV/AIDS di Denpasar

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Tri Rini Puji Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
District Health ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City ◽  
Government Perspective ◽  
Hiv Aids

Secara nasional, Indonesia telah mengantisipasi epidemi HIV/AIDS, tetapi jumlah kasus HIV/AIDS di Provinsi Bali dari tahun ke tahun memperlihatkan peningkatan yang semakin mengkhawatirkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan jumlah kasus dan kebijakan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS di Denpasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang dilakukan di Denpasar pada tanggal 11-17 September 2011. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan informan terpilih yaitu kepala bappeda, pejabat Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Denpasar, direktur rumah sakit, puskesmas, ketua komisi penanggulangan AIDS di kabupaten/kota dan pemerhati HIV/AIDS termasuk ODHA. Penelitian menemukan jumlah kasus HIV/AIDS di Kota Denpasar yang tertinggi dan penularan terbesarnya melalui hubungan seks. Namun, dukungan pemerintah daerah dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS terlihat belum maksimal. Padahal kebijakan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS sangat ditentukan oleh cara pandang pemerintah terhadap penyakit HIV/AIDS. Untuk itu, perlu peningkatan pemahaman tentang HIV/AIDS serta pencegahan dan penanganan semua pihak terkait sehingga penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dapat lebih efektif, efisien, dan tepat sasaran.Nationally, Indonesia anticipated HIV/AIDS epidemic, but the number of cases of HIV/AIDS in Bali province from year to year showed an increase in the increasingly alarming. This study aimed to determine the number of cases and the development of policies on HIV / AIDS in Denpasar. This research was conducted using qualitative methods in Denpasar on 11-17 September 2011. The study sample was selected using the informant is head of planning, Denpasar District health officers, the director of the hospital, health center, chairman of the commission on AIDS in the district/city and observer of HIV / AIDS, including people living with HIV. The study found the number of cases of HIV / AIDS in the city of Denpasar is the highest and greatest transmission through sexual intercourse. However, the support of local governments in efforts to prevent and control HIV/AIDS looks not maximized. In fact the policy of HIV/AIDS is largely determined by the government perspective on HIV / AIDS. To that end, should be an increased understanding of HIV/AIDS as well as prevention and treatment of all parties concerned. So that HIV/ AIDS can be more effective, efficient, and targeted.

scholarly journals Social Representations of health care professionals on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934-1939
Author(s):  
Cleuma Sueli Santos Suto ◽  
Jeane Freitas de Oliveira ◽  
Mirian Santos Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Health Area ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Objective: To apprehend social representation of health care professionals on HIV/AIDS and to compare it with a subgroup of physicians. Method: Qualitative research based on the Theory of Social Representations. Free associations for the term HIV/AIDS were collected from 73 workers of public services specialized in HIV/AIDS, in Salvador-Bahia. The results were analyzed in the EVOC software. Results: For all health professionals, HIV/AIDS is associated with “prejudice, care, disease and prevention”, and for the subgroup of physicians it is associated with the term “prevention”. Health professionals represented HIV/AIDS similarly to society in general and, due to their normative character, prescribed attitudes typical of health care professionals. Final considerations: The findings show that, despite the advances in the health area regarding the treatment of AIDS, prejudice still persists. It is important to strengthen interdisciplinary actions focused on discussions on this theme during training, favoring the comprehensiveness of the assistance.

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of a Care Program for HIV/AIDS Patients Affiliated with a Health Insurer in Colombia, Comparing Three Health Care Providers Nationwide

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Elizabeth Guarín Téllez ◽  
Jairo Alexander Moreno Calderón ◽  
Ivan Mauricio Muñoz-Galindo ◽  
Jorge Augusto Díaz Rojas ◽  
Helbert Orlando Arévalo Roa
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Health Insurer ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals An epidemiological study regarding availability and utilization of public health care services in slum in Amritsar city

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2396
Author(s):  
Richa Verma ◽  
Tejbir Singh ◽  
Mohan Lal ◽  
Jasleen Kaur ◽  
Sanjeev Mahajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government Health ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Government

Background: Low level of education of the slum dwellers along-with poor socio- economic status and pathetic environmental conditions lead to their poor health indicators. Since the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) was launched in 2013, the health services are still in their initial stages. Assessment of the availability as well as the utilization of health care services of the urban slums is the need of the hour.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly selected slum in Amritsar city. All the houses were enumerated and visited by the interviewer herself. The eldest adult member of the family was selected as key respondent and written, informed consent was obtained. Predesigned questionnaire was used to collect the data which was then compiled and analyzed using statistical tests.Results: Out of the total respondents, one third respondents had knowledge about the government health center nearby (statistically significant) while out of these, only one third utilized the services at the center (statistically non-significant). Almost half of the respondents had knowledge about the medical camps and out of these, two-thirds utilized the services at medical camps.Conclusions: Overall utilization of services is poor. More respondents were aware of the medical camps than the static government health facility and utilization of medical camps was also more. So the static health services under NUHM need to be further strengthened.

HIV/AIDS: Implications for Health Care Reform

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Reform ◽  
General Health ◽  
Health Care Needs ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Hiv Aids

The HIV/AIDS epidemic serves as an appropriate framework for evaluating various health care reform proposals. The author reviews the general health care needs of persons with HIV, current methods of financing AIDS care, and various models of health care reform. Principles for assuring appropriate care and for assessing reform proposals and their effect on HIV-related care are presented.

Primary Health Care is Not Cheap: A Case Study from Guinea Bissau

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarl Chabot ◽  
Catriona Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
The Government ◽  
Donor Agencies ◽  
National Governments

In 1977 the Ministry of Health in Guinea Bissau started two regional community health projects. In this article we describe the progress of the Tombali project. Three aspects are discussed: the “Learning Process Approach” used in the project; measurement of the effectiveness of the project and the problems of collecting and interpreting these data; and the ratio of investment to recurrent costs and the proportions borne by government and by villagers. Primary health care projects evolve slowly, and the importance of the willingness of project workers, donor agencies, and the national government to work without a blueprint plan is emphasized. We discuss ways of evaluating the success of primary health care schemes; the measurement of any change in health status is difficult and discounts other benefits that may result, such as encouraging community participation and involving villagers in government activities. Both government and villagers contribute significantly to the scheme, the government and donors bearing most of the investment costs, while most of the recurrent costs fall on the villagers. The data show that for neither government nor villagers is the scheme a cheap option to secure health care for rural populations. Finally, we discuss the lessons to be learned by national governments, donor agencies, and health workers from this attempt to implement a primary health care program.

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