Promotion through Marketing Channels – The Case of Kosovo

In order for a product to be put in the hands of the customer, requires a mechanism which is called distribution channel and which enables the connection between the consumer and producer. One of the many strategies applied by Kosovar companies for the involvement of the members of the channel is also the promotion through distribution channels. Therefore, the strategies which involve the members of the channel have a higher probability to be positively accepted by the members of the channel, when they are part of a general program of supporting the needs of the producers. The process of realizing a marketing strategy of a company does not concise only of achieving specific goals of production during the realization of the promotion phase, but it also requires identifying the target market and achieving it. The purpose of this paper is to review the promotion strategy of distribution channels, which emphasize the support by the members of the channel, initiated by the producers through cooperative advertisements, promotional salaries, slotting taxes, incentives, promotions in markets and also special promotional agreements. The theoretical and practical side of the study are very important, especially regarding to new theoretical and practical views in the study context. Besides the theoretical contribution that will be offered by this paper, there will also be interesting findings in the practical aspect where through this paper, the owners, managers, firms will be able to understand the role and importance of promotion through distribution channels. Knowing that there are only few studies offered in this field, this paper offers help for everyone interested in this field. This paper contains empirical data collected by questionnaires and interviews.

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Choice of Modern Food Distribution Channels and Its Welfare Effects: Empirical Evidence from Taiwan

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11060499 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 499

Author(s):

Yun-Cih Chang ◽

Min-Fang Wei ◽

Yir-Hueih Luh

Keyword(s):

Control Function ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Distribution Channel ◽

Marketing Channel ◽

Distribution Channels ◽

Food Distribution ◽

Economic Effects ◽

Farm Households ◽

Farm Household ◽

Decomposition Approach

The determinants and/or economic effects of modern food distribution channels have attracted much attention in previous research. Studies on the welfare consequences of modern channel options, however, have been sparse. Based on a broader definition of modern food distribution channels including midstream processors and downstream retailers (supermarkets, hypermarkets, brand-named retailers), this study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by exploring the distributional implications of farm households’ choice of modern food distribution channels using a large and unique farm household dataset in Taiwan. Making use of the two-step control function approach, we identify the effect of modern food distribution options on farm households’ profitability. The results reveal selling farm produce to modern food distributors does not produce a positive differential compared to the traditional outlets. Another dimension of farm household welfare affected by the choice of modern food distribution channel is income inequality. We apply the Lerman and Yitzhaki decomposition approach to gain a better understanding of the effect of the marketing channel option on the overall distribution of farm household income. The Gini decomposition of different income sources indicates that the choice of modern food distribution channels results in an inequality-equalizing effect among the farm households in Taiwan, suggesting the inclusion of smallholder farmers in the modern food distribution channels improves the overall welfare of the rural society.

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Polycomb genes role in cancer pathophysiology is offering targets for therapeutics including gene therapy

10.31219/osf.io/sfvej ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Moataz Dowaidar

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Detailed Understanding ◽

The Core ◽

Chromatin Regulators ◽

Genetic Modifications ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

The Many ◽

The One ◽

Context Specific ◽

Study Context

Several phenotypes can come from transcription regulation. Sequence-specific transcription factors are needed to effectively execute transcriptional programs, however they are often not operating alone. Polycomb PcG proteins are a well-known class of chromatin regulators found in Drosophila melanogaster and other species, including humans. As time passed, the concept of a PCG gene or protein shifted from the original phenotypic meaning of mutant flies to the contemporary biochemical description. PCG genes and proteins are under investigation for their critical contributions to physiology and their cancer treatment potential. Adding additional PcG members, with substantial responsibilities in PRC modulation, has opened new routes of inquiry in the issue. It is still needed to discover the many PRC variations' roles and how their catalytic activity is controlled. This review covers mutually exclusive PRC2 variants and employs a technique like the one used for PRC1 variants. Based on current biochemical findings, these classifications are valid. More auxiliary PcG subunit research is needed for now. Moreover, it is unknown how many PRC cell variations occur (hypothetically, there could be more than 100 different PRC variants).In order to fully elucidate the new PcG proteins and complexes, it is necessary to perform comprehensive research. We must study context-specific genetic modifications to better provide remedies. Current anti-cancer drugs target mainly the core subunits and catalytic activity of PRC2 and PRC1, and understanding these functions is critical. Targeting each particular activity that has been deregulated might be rather beneficial. PCG proteins are involved in oncogenesis, tumor suppression, and development/congenital illness as well. PcG involvement in cancer, once revealed, would be intriguing. Successful and effective therapeutic therapies will be helped by a detailed understanding of the pathways that contain PcG proteins.

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Drooms Store Strategy To Win Business Competition On E-Commerce Lazada

Primanomics Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis ◽

10.31253/pe.v19i1.501 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Asep Sugara ◽

MD Sukamto ◽

Rida Ramdani

Keyword(s):

Selection Strategy ◽

Target Market ◽

Promotion Strategy ◽

Product Selection ◽

Advertising Strategy ◽

Selection Strategies ◽

Research Activities ◽

Business Analysis ◽

Analysis Strategy ◽

Product Sales

This study aims to determine the Droom Store strategy in winning business competition in Lazada E-Commerce and increasing customer satisfaction. The analytical approach used is to use a qualitative approach. Where the owner of Drooms Store used as key informants with data collection using triangulation techniques. The results of research at Drooms Store using the techniques above, strategies that can win business competition in Lazada E-Commerce are product selection strategies which are the basis of product sales in which there are product research activities, namely where the seller determines the scale of the benefits of a product. product, then the price of the product, and also the target market. Product advertising strategy which is the second stage after the product selection strategy where this product advertising strategy can reach consumers and attract consumers to buy products. Then there is a product promotion strategy that aims to boost sellers to increase. A business analysis strategy that aims to control the business at Drooms Store . In other words, Lazada's E-commerce for the strategy that we will use has been very well supported by Lazada

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ANALISIS RUMAH KABEL BAWAH TANAH PADA PROYEK PEKERJAAN JARINGAN UTILITAS SKTT 150 KV PLUMPANG - GAMBIR

Forum Mekanika ◽

10.33322/forummekanika.v6i2.119 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 61-70

Author(s):

Redaksi Tim Jurnal

Keyword(s):

Carrying Capacity ◽

Distribution Channel ◽

Distribution Channels ◽

Research Data ◽

Land Acquisition ◽

Shear Stability ◽

Cable Networks ◽

Underground Cable ◽

The Stability ◽

Soil Instability

Underground cable distribution channels to be excellent especially in big cities like Jakarta. This is because the underground cable distribution is a solution to the difficulty of land acquisition that will be used for top cable networks. Nevertheless, there is an important factor to be considered in implementing the underground cable distribution channel that is the condition of the soil through which the cable. This study aims to determine the dimensions of the cable house was safe from the soil instability. The soil instability are the stability of bolsters and the shear stability and take into account the carrying capacity of the foundation used. The data used as a reference in the analysis using research data that has been done previously. In stability analysis and foundation bearing capacity used Geo5 software demo version aid. The results obtained from the analysis, with variations on the dimensions of the cable house used are 2 mx 2 m, 2.5 mx 2.5 m and 3 mx 3 m, it is seen that the greater the dimensions used then the security number of stability bolsters, soil shear stability and the carrying capacity of the foundation decreases. This is due to the greater the dimensions of the cable house used, the greater the burden borne by the soil.

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The many versions of the painting of Tingqua’s studio: painting copying and originality in nineteenth-century canton

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications ◽

10.1057/s41599-020-00623-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elad Yaron

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Main Question ◽

Art World ◽

Old World ◽

Job Requirements ◽

Knowing That ◽

The Many

Abstract Personal expression was generally not part of the job requirements of trade-painters in nineteenth-century Canton, China. They were asked to produce paintings tailored to their Western consumers’ interests, wishes, and needs. Yet, in the middle of this “art-world” lies an enigma: a set of thirteen paintings depicting the workshop of the trade-painter Tingqua, which seem, at first glance, to be duplicates of a mundane product of the industry. Closer examination, however, reveals not only that each of these versions is unique, but also that the series as a whole is actually extraordinary. The workshop paintings are full of details, including various quotes written in calligraphy, which would not have been understood either by Western or even by most Chinese viewers, but only by members of the scholar-gentry, that is, the literati of China. The main question we face before this thirteen-piece puzzle is: why did the artist plant messages or integrate codes in paintings that were sent to a world in which nobody could decode them? I propose that these workshop paintings be read as a self-portrait of a person living in a world that is witnessing a contest between two substantially different momentous cultures, each struggling to prove its superiority or dominance. Watching the demise of an old world to which he himself was contributing, Tingqua decided to treasure some of its features despite knowing that those who purchased the works would not be able to appreciate them.

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Distribution Channels for Wine Tourism in New Zealand

10.26686/wgtn.17003341.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Ying Liu

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Distribution Channel ◽

Information Provision ◽

Distribution Channels ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Corporate Groups ◽

Wine Tourism ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Tourism Product ◽

Direct Distribution

<p>This study examines the structure of the distribution channels and the underlying factors influencing the most prominent channel choices within the wine tourism industry in New Zealand. This research specifically compares wine tourism in Marlborough and Auckland. It aims to provide a better understanding of the distribution channels for practitioners in the wine tourism industry, with the hope of assisting them to develop their wine tourism businesses successfully and manage the businesses growth effectively. This is a destination-based study performed by employing qualitative approaches focusing on the supply-side through semi-structured interviews. These in-depth interviews were conducted with the owners or managers of the local wine tour operators and wineries in the two regions. The findings generally show that wine tourism businesses place a clear priority on direct distribution of their wine tourism product to visitors “at destination”; the majority of customers of all these businesses are independent visitors. Specifically, overseas independent tourists comprise the largest portion of customers to local wine tour operators in Marlborough and Auckland. The wine tour operators work more actively with intermediaries and reach tourists “in market”, “while travelling” and “at destination” than wineries in these two regions. Marlborough wineries and Auckland wine tour operators and wineries receive domestic corporate groups, most of whom are approached “at destination” with direct distribution. Compared with wineries in Marlborough, more corporate groups use Auckland wine tour operators to visit wineries. Marlborough wineries and wine tour operators, and Auckland wine tour operators receive more international visitors, whereas the majority of visitors to Auckland wineries are from Auckland. When considering the function of wine tourism distribution channels, information provision, reservation and purchase are nearly equally important to local wine tour operators in both Marlborough and Auckland; the most widely used functions for Marlborough wineries is information provision; for Auckland wineries, information provision and purchase play significant roles in the distribution of wine tourism product. Factors influencing distribution channel choice include information provision cost, commissions, businesses’ attitudes towards tourism, perceptions of the Internet, service diversity, capacity, accessibility, availability, market segments, reputation and nature of intermediaries.</p>

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Paths to the Market: analysing tourism distribution channels for community-based tourism

10.26686/wgtn.12736028.v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Christian Schott

Keyword(s):

Central Government ◽

Market Access ◽

Distribution Channel ◽

Distribution Channels ◽

Channel Structure ◽

Economic Sustainability ◽

Community Based ◽

Five Factors ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Distribution Structure

<p>This research investigates distribution channels as a critical business mechanism for community-based tourism (CBT) by connecting CBT projects with the market. Specifically, it examines the distribution channels structure of a culture & heritage focused CBT project in Cambodia, explores the key influencing factors behind the observed structure, and develops recommendations for improved economic sustainability. The paper is informed by 21 interviews which were conducted with respondents from Banteay Chhmar CBT, key private sector businesses, NGOs, local and central government, and CBT experts. The examination of the distribution channel structure reveals considerable channel diversity which sees both direct and a variety of indirect channels included in the distribution mix. Due to the community-guided nature of the CBT project, intermediaries had a very strong presence in the distribution structure and maintained both direct and multi-layered indirect channels with consumers. Five factors were identified to underlie the observed distribution structure: commissionable product, product characteristics and market access, information and communication technology, partnership issues, and community capacity. Based on these findings a range of recommendations are proposed that seek to improve the distribution channels related economic sustainability of the CBT project.</p>

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Global E-Banking Trends

E-Banking and Emerging Multidisciplinary Processes - Advances in Electronic Commerce ◽

10.4018/978-1-61520-635-3.ch001 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Sujana Adapa

Keyword(s):

Financial Services ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Distribution Channel ◽

Distribution Channels ◽

Alternative Strategy ◽

Future Directions ◽

Bank Branches ◽

Industrialized Nations ◽

Traditional Mode ◽

The Impact

The traditional mode of delivering products and services by banks to the consumers’ is through a single distribution channel and that is physical bank branches. Financial services industry is metamorphosing due to the advent of internet, rapid technological evolutions, deregulation, globalization as well as the impact of changing competitive and regulatory forces. In order to cope with the quick changes in the business scenario, banks started to rely on distribution channels as an alternative strategy for differentiation and gaining further competitive advantage. The abovementioned paved way for the development of the ebanking phenomena. This chapter attempts to provide a comprehensive explanation of what ebanking is, the evolution of ebanking, existing trends of ebanking in developed, developing and newly industrialized nations, future directions for further possible research and concluding remarks. The content provided in this chapter would be useful for existing and potential banks to better understand the global ebanking trends and thus aid in the effective formulation of channel management strategies and reap the benefits out of it.

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Managing Conflict in Distribution Channels: A Laboratory Study

Journal of Marketing Research ◽

10.1177/002224377301000207 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 169-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Louis W. Stern ◽

Brian Sternthal ◽

C. Samuel Craig

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Study ◽

Distribution Channel ◽

Distribution Channels ◽

Superordinate Goal

This article examines a laboratory methodology for studying interorganizational conflict between members of a distribution channel. A parasimulation approach was used to investigate the effectiveness of a superordinate goal and an exchange-of-persons program in managing conflict.

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Skyworth TV: channel dynamics and growth in China's rural market

Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies ◽

10.1108/eemcs-10-2013-0032 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Sherriff T.K. Luk ◽

Ivy Siok Ngoh Chen ◽

John Coombes

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Consumer Behaviour ◽

Emerging Market ◽

Distribution Channel ◽

Distribution Channels ◽

Channel Network ◽

Household Appliances ◽

Content Type ◽

Brand Reputation

Subject area Marketing. Study level/applicability Target audience this decision case has been tried and tested in a classroom setting with final-year undergraduate BBA students and postgraduate students studying an MSc in marketing. The specific course in which this case was used was marketing management in China. This case may also be suitable for an undergraduate or masters level courses in consumer behaviour, distribution management or marketing in China. The case covers environment analysis, market segmentation, consumer behaviour and distribution channels. Case overview Skyworth, a Chinese manufacturer of television sets, was faced with some major decisions. Government subsidies on consumer purchases of household appliances had stimulated demand for TV sets especially in rural areas. However, there were limited distribution channels serving rural areas. Large-scale nationwide chain stores like Gome and Suning served mainly urban areas and top-tier cities. These retailer chains were less interested in selling TV sets as their profit margins were lower. How should Skyworth set up its distribution network to take advantage of the growth in rural markets? Establishing its own channel network would involve huge investments that would affect Skyworth's profits in the next few years. Relying on existing retailer chains may not give it the coverage it wanted. Skyworth's brand reputation had also suffered because of poor product quality and customer support. Can the distribution channel network help to improve its brand reputation and customer loyalty? This case highlights how government policies in China can shape the growth of the household appliance market and change consumption patterns. Expected learning outcomes By studying this case, students will: 1. Examine how environmental factors affect television manufacturers in China; 2. Understand the buying behaviour of rural households for household appliances; 3. Examine distribution channels in an emerging market; 4. Evaluate a company's product portfolio strategy; and5. Suggest segmentation bases for the market for television sets in China. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or e-mail [email protected] to request teaching notes.

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