scholarly journals The Quality of Governance and EU Regional Policy as a key determinant in the process of the integration of the Western Balkans into the EU

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.Sc. Demush Bajrami ◽  
MA. Amir Mustafai
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Quality Of Governance

This paper analyzes the quality of governance and financial assistance as key determinants for successful functioning of the process of integration within the European Union (EU). Moreover, the paper develops a comparison of the Western Balkans with current EU members and the forthcoming, on the basis of the selected indicators of governance (rule of law, democracy, corruption, political stability, and effectiveness of state) with the experience of the implementation of the reforms of public administration. Various surveys show that the Western Balkans, by all quality of governance indicators, especially in the rule of law, lags behind 28 (twenty eight) of the current EU countries (without taking in account the Great Britain). The low level of the functioning of rule of law, combined with inadequate and unreformed public administration is potentially the biggest obstacle in the association agreement of the Western Balkans with EU, but also as challenge in achieving sustainable social and economic development.Whereas in the case of the Western Balkan countries, there is an obvious difference between proclaiming and internal reality, which is further compounded by a difficult political and economic transition, as well as in social domain - where poverty and corruption are the most worrying. The research data obtained from independent bodies - academic and research institutions, civil society and international organizations - confirm this controversial picture of the Western Balkans. Negative attitudes still prevail in Western Balkans political elites and if given the chance to political manipulation, may behave unpredictably. All this makes it obligatory to make a comparative overview, for depicting in particular the quality of governance as sine qua non for the Western Balkans countries‘ integration in EU. 

Public Administration in Central and Eastern Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

In the early 1990s, the Central and Eastern European countries (CEE countries) saw the collapse of communist regimes and an unprecedented political and economic transformation that resulted in the establishment of democratic, law-governed states and market economies. Administrative reforms, which became an important milestone in this transformation, were considerably influenced both by administrative legacies predominant in the countries and by the Europeanization processes associated with their accession to the European Union. The administrative legacies, which combine elements of various traditions (e.g., German, Napoleonic, and Anglo-American) are still strongly affected by what is left of the communist era. Conversely, the impact of Europeanization processes on public administrations in CEE countries has proved to be much weaker than initially expected. The process of building a professional and apolitical civil service in CEE countries has been plagued by discontinuity and inconsistency, owing to the specific administrative culture of the region, the weakening pressure to modernize EU institutions, and the consequences of the 2008 financial crisis, as well as growing populist tendencies in the region. All these factors encouraged the belief that political control over public administration needs to be tightened in order for the effectiveness and quality of governance mechanisms to be improved. The quality of governance and public management varies widely across the CEE countries. What they have in common—at least to some extent—is the fairly high dynamics of change, including the reversal of the effects of previously implemented reforms. The latter factor may be interpreted as a search for country-specific reform paths, partly due to disappointment with the values and models prevailing in Western Europe, and somewhat as a consequence of growing populist tendencies in the region.

scholarly journals Marketplace of indicators: Inconsistencies between country trends of measures of governance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kolczynska ◽  
Paul - Christian Bürkner
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Support For Democracy ◽  
Quality Of Governance

Social scientists can choose from among multiple quality of governance indicators which use different conceptualizations of governance and its components, rely on different data sources, and employ different aggregation and scaling techniques. Despite all differences, these indicators are commonly found to be strongly correlated, which makes the choice of indicator for a given analysis seem inconsequential. We demonstrate that the correlations between governance indicators are indeed high when comparing across countries or using pooled country-year data sets, but are surprisingly low -- sometimes even negative -- within countries. Given the increased interest of researchers in longitudinal analyses with country time series, low agreement between country time trends in the quality of governance is concerning. We illustrate the problem with an analysis of the effect of rule of law on support for democracy, which leads to opposite conclusions depending on which measure of rule of law is used.

The globalized state: Measuring and monitoring governance

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Buduru ◽  
Leslie A. Pal
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Transparency International ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Powerful Mechanism ◽  
Freedom House

In the last 20 years, there has been an explosion of ‘governance indicators’ purporting to measure and track the quality of governance (especially public administration) among states. These indicators are sponsored by international agencies such as the World Bank, NGOs such as Transparency International and Freedom House, and private sector risk assessors. We argue that this web of standards marks a distinctive feature of globalized, if loose, coordination among states and an increase in monitoring and auditing functions. The article reviews the major governance indicators, their characteristics and limitations. We conclude that these indicators are a little noticed, but supremely powerful mechanism of discordant control and discipline on state systems around the world.

scholarly journals Institutional Determinants Of Assessing Energy Efficiency Gaps In The National Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Pavlyk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Regulatory Activity ◽  
Energy Efficiency Gap ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Government Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Gap

The article examines approaches to the analysis of factors that influence the difference between capacity and current energy production in the country, that is, the gap in energy efficiency in the economy. To investigate the main trends in the theory of energy efficiency and energy conservation, a bibliometric analysis was carried out (using VOSViewer v.1.6.10 toolkit), the object of which was 1428 scientific articles in publications indexed by the Scopus scientometric database. The analysis showed that in 2019, scientists published 1.5 times more work on the subject than in 2005, and revealed five clusters of scientists who investigated the problems of the connection between institutional determinants and lack of electricity in the country. The research hypothesis is to test the impact of institutional determinants on the energy efficiency gap in the economy. For the assessment of institutional determinants, such indicators of public administration effectiveness as: “rule of law”, “government efficiency”, “political stability and the absence of violence/terrorism”, “quality of regulatory activity” and “anti-corruption” have been used. The source of statistical information is the Worldwide Governance Indicator Global Eurojustice Reports and Eurostat data, the Pedroni co-integration test, and the least-squares method, the calculations were made using EViews 11. Objects of study are EU and Ukraine, the period for analysis – 2009-2018. The findings confirmed the statistically significant impact of institutional determinants on the energy efficiency gap in the economy: increasing government efficiency and political stability by 1 mind. units lead to a reduction in the energy efficiency gap of 0.47 and 0.54 dm. units in accordance. It has been empirically proven that improving the quality of regulatory activity and improving the rule of law in Ukraine is one mind. units cause energy efficiency gains of 0.34 and 0.41 dm. units in accordance. The results of the study can be used by state and local authorities to improve the country’s energy efficiency and energy efficiency systems. Keywords: energy balance, renewable energy sources, energy gap, corruption, quality of public administration, political stability, government efficiency, energy efficiency, energy conservation, institutional determinants.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF INSTITUTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE WESTERN BALKANS

2019 ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kostić ◽  
Samir Ljajić ◽  
Slobodan Cvetanović ◽  
Vladimir Nedić
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
The Status

The paper analyzes the intensity of the influence of the quality of institutions according to the data from the World Bank's specialized Worldwide Governance Indicators database on the growth of gross domestic product per capita of 33 countries of Europe through linear and exponential regression analysis for the period from 1996 to 2016. The observed European countries are divided into three groups: 15 European Union member states in 1995; 13 EU member states from 2004, 2007 and 2013, as well as five countries of the Western Balkans that negotiate or have the status of a candidate for EU membership, in the period from 1996 to 2016. The results of the research have shown that the quality of the institutions had a very positive impact on the economic growth of the observed countries of Europe. According to statistics, positive interdependence is the most significant among the Western Balkan countries. The conclusion is that these countries have to pay special attention to the development of institutions in the process of joining the European Union.

Engineers or Lawyers? Institutions and Demand for Higher Education

2012 ◽  
pp. 30-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Natkhov ◽  
L. Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Transmission Channel ◽  
Demand For Education ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Rules Of The Game

Law and public administration schools in Russia vastly exceed in their popularity sciences and engineering. We relate such lopsided demand for higher education to the quality of institutions setting “rules of the game” in economy and society. Cross-country and Russian interregional data indicate the quality of institutions (rule of law, protection of property rights etc.) is negatively associated with the demand for education in law, and positively — in sciences and engineering. More gifted younger people are particularly sensitive to the quality of institutions in choosing their fields of study, and such selection is an important transmission channel between institutions and economic growth.

SOCIALIZATION AND SOCIAL QUALITY AS INSTRUMENTS OF THE STATE POLICY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 3-18
Author(s):  
Valeriy HEYETS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Social Quality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Individual

Self-realization of the individual in the conditions of using the policy of “social quality” as a modern tool of public administration in a transitional society is largely related to overcoming the existing limitations of the individual in acting in such a society and economy transitioning to a market character. Given that, in particular, in Ukraine the market is hybrid (and this is especially important), the existing limitations in self-realization of the individual must be overcome, including, and perhaps primarily, through transformations in the processes of socialization, which differ from European practices and institutions that ensure its implementation. Thus, it is a matter of overcoming not only and not so much the natural selfish interests of the individual, but the existing gap in skills, which are an invisible asset to ensure the endogenous nature of economic growth. It is shown that there is an inverse relationship between the formation of socialization and the policy of “social quality”, which is characterized by the dialectic of interaction between the individual and the group and which is a process of increasing the degree of socialization. The latter, due to interdependence, will serve to increase the effectiveness of interaction between the individual and the group, which expands the possibilities of self-realization of the individual in terms of European policy of “social quality” as a tool of public administration, whose successful application causes new challenges and content of the so-called secondary sociology. The logic of Ukraine's current development shows that new approaches are needed to achieve the social development goals set out in the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union and to minimize the potential risks and threats that accompany current reforms in Ukrainian society. They should introduce new forms of public administration to create policy interrelationships of all dimensions, as proposed, in particular, by the social quality approach to socialization, the nature of which has been revealed in the author's previous publications. As a result, the socio-cultural (social) dimension will fundamentally change, the structure of which must include the transformational processes of socialization of a person, thanks to which they will learn the basics of life in the new social reality and intensify their social and economic interaction on the basis of self-realization, thereby contributing to the success of state policy of social quality and achieving stable socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Hypothesizing directional causality between the governance indicators and economic growth: the case of Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Naim Azimi ◽  
Mohammad Musa Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Government Effectiveness ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
The Government

AbstractThis paper examines the causal relationship between governance indicators and economic growth in Afghanistan. We use a set of quarterly time series data from 2003Q1 to 2018Q4 to test our hypothesis. Following Toda and Yamamoto’s (J Econom 66(1–2):225–250, 1995. 10.1016/0304-4076(94)01616-8) vector autoregressive model and the modified Wald test, our empirical results show a unidirectional causality between the government effectiveness, rule of law, and the economic growth. Our findings exhibit significant causal relationships running from economic growth to the eradication of corruption, the establishment of the rule of law, quality of regulatory measures, government effectiveness, and political stability. More interestingly, we support the significant multidimensional causality hypothesis among the governance indicators. Overall, our findings not only reveal causality between economic growth and governance indicators, but they also show interdependencies among the governance indicators.

scholarly journals Theoretical bases for academics’ potential development: foreign and domestic experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Yurii Skyba ◽  
Hanna Lebedynets
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Intangible Resources ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Organizational Information ◽  
The University

Ensuring and improving the quality of teaching and learning, in particular the academics’ potential development, is reflected in strategic European and domestic documents, namely in the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, the Paris Communiqué, the Strategy for Higher Education in Ukraine for 2021-2031 and others. The expediency for academics’ potential development is confirmed by the results of a national survey on the needs for the development of Ukrainian universities in the process of reforming higher education in the context of European integration. The article highlights the problems of academics’ potential development. Based on foreign and domestic experience, the theoretical bases for academics’ potential development, in particular the conceptual and terminological apparatus and structural components of teaching metacompetence are substantiated. The concept «potential of an academic» is defined as a set of intellectual, intangible resources, conditions and opportunities created for the production and accumulation of new knowledge, ideas, technologies, competencies and other productive properties at the university, which combines two levels of connections functioning in unity. The first level of connections are resources that are the result of past and present, and the second – opportunities, i.e. those abilities and connections that are future-oriented, constantly changing, evolving, forming new abilities, characteristics, including elements of the future development. The following components are distinguished in the structure of teaching metacompetence: prognostic; design; objective; innovative; pedagogical partnership; organizational; information and digital; reflexive; linguistic and communicative; inclusive; motivational; health-preserving; emotional-ethical and evaluative-analytical. The development of the above components of teaching metacompetence will help ensure the quality of higher education and increase the competitiveness of the university in the educational services market.

scholarly journals Corruption, governance and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: a need for the prioritisation of reform policies

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Omoteso ◽  
Hakeem Ishola Mobolaji
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Data Framework ◽  
Regulatory Quality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Of Corruption ◽  
Ssa Countries

Purpose – This study aims to investigate the impact of governance indices (especially control of corruption) on economic growth in some selected Sub-Sahara African (SSA) countries with a view to making policy recommendations. Specifically, the study attempts to assess whether either governance reforms (especially those relating to control of corruption) or simultaneous policy reforms could have any impact on the growth of the sample SSA countries. Design/methodology/approach – The governance indicators used in this study were drawn from the PRS Group and the Worldwide Governance Indicators for 2002-2009, while the real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth data were obtained from the World Bank database. The study covered 47 SSA countries, and it adopted the panel data framework, the fixed effect, the random effect and the maximum likelihood estimation techniques for the analyses. Findings – The study found that political stability and regulatory quality indicators have growth-enhancing features, as they impact on economic growth in the region significantly, while government effectiveness impacts negatively on economic growth in the region. Despite, several anti-corruption policies in the region, the impact of corruption control on economic growth is not very obvious. The study also found that simultaneous implementation of the voice and accountability and the rule of law indicators has more positive impact on economic growth in the region. Both policies are complementary, and, hence, can be pursued simultaneously. Research limitations/implications – The results suggest that reform efforts that aim at enhancing accountability, regulatory quality, political stability and the rule of law have more growth-enhancing features and, thus, should be given more priority over reform efforts that singly address the issue of control of corruption due to the endemic, systemic and ubiquitous nature of corruption in the region. Practical implications – The study suggests that reform efforts that aim at enhancing accountability, regulatory quality and rule of law have more growth-enhancing features and, therefore, should be given more priority. Originality/value – Many previous studies attempted to examine the impact of corruption on economies, but this paper tries to assess the effect of corruption control and other governance indices on economic growth in the most vulnerable region of the world, the SSA. Besides, the study adopts the panel data framework which makes it possible to allow for differences in the form of unobservable individual country effects.

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