scholarly journals Introduction of Norms for Air Exchange in Rooms and Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-313
Author(s):  
L. V. Borukhava ◽  
A. S. Shybeka
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
The Given ◽  
Air Exchange

Energy saving policy conducted all over the world and in Belarus, particularly, leads to revision of technical standard and legal acts on thermal protection of buildings. Gradual increase of resistance to heat transfer of enclosing structures reduces transmission heat losses however expenses on infiltration air heating remain unchangeable. Due to this their portion in overall heat balance of residential buildings is gradually increasing: up to thermal rehabilitation of a building the portion constitutes 30 %, after this process the portion is equal to 53 %. In order to find methods for reduction of heat losses the paper considers an origin of the current standard for inlet air which is equal to 3 m³/h per 1 m² of residential area. It has been shown that the given value has been determined on the assumption of air exchange which is required for assimilation of carbon dioxide and residential area standard per one person. The required air exchange can be reduced up to 1.5 m³/(h×m²) due to improvement of population living conditions and increase in provision of residential area. Calculations have also shown that the given reduction makes it possible to enhance energy efficiency class of a building and decrease portion of heat losses on heating inlet air in overall heat balance. The paper has also revealed that rational light location on both sides permits to reduce a specific index of heat energy consumption for heating and ventilation of a residential building. Determination of outlet air consumption for kitchens has been considered simultaneously with determination of inlet air consumption. It has been ascertained that in order to support combustion process and removal of combustion products consumption of outlet air must constitute 10–20 m³/h according to type of gas stove. Due to the fact that windows can not support the proposed and existing air exchanges they must be completed with plenum valves.

scholarly journals MULTIPARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF THE SHAPE AND THICKNESS OF INSULATED ENERGY EFFICIENT CONSTRUCTED BUILDING WITH A SPECIFIC NUMBER OF FACES

2021 ◽  
pp. 196-204
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Multiparametric Optimization ◽  
Heat Influx ◽  
Number Of Faces ◽  
The Given ◽  
First Time

To calculate the optimal parameters of outbuildings, a mathematical model and method for optimizing the shape and resistance of heat transfer for opaque and transparent structures with a certain constant number of faces, building volume and amount of insulation to minimize the thermal balance of enclosing structures with the environment during the heating period In the course of calculations the geometrical parameters of translucent, opaque structures in the heat-insulating shell of buildings are determined taking into account heat losses, heat influx from solar radiation by the criterion of ensuring minimum heat losses through enclosing structures, rational parameters (buildings) The given technique and mathematical models should be used in the future in the design of energy efficient buildings in the reconstruction and thermal modernization of buildings. This will increase their energy efficiency and, accordingly, the energy efficiency class of buildings. For the research faceted attached building in the form of a triangular pyramid, the reduction in heat loss was 14.82 percent only due to the optimization of the shape and redistribution of the insulation. Similar results were obtained for other initial forms. For the first time, a computerized method was proposed, an algorithm and application package Optimparam for multiparameter shape optimization and insulation of translucent and opaque structures for outbuildings with a given number of arbitrarily arranged faces were developed.

INSULATION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS FACADES DURING MAJOR REPAIRS (APPLICABLE FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN SAMARA REGION)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Serafimovich VITCHIKOV ◽  
Igor Gennad'evich BELIAKOV ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna NOKHRINA
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Normative Requirements ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Proper Analysis

This paper aims to provide analysis of normative requirements concerning thermal protection and energy effi ciency of those residential buildings in Samara region which are under construction or undergo major repairs. The research proves heat rate that used for heating residential buildings depends on the value of reduced resistance to heattransferring ability of the outer walls. Proper analysis of the value in question helps defi ne the optimal level of facades thermal protection. The authors present calculations and results of their experimental research of heat losses caused by building envelopes of fi ve-fl oor brick and bearing-wall constructions. The paper also describes diff erent methods of insulation of residential buildings facades and recommends how these methods should be used during major repairs.

Optimization of Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings Built of Bearing Three-Dimensional Blocks

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Full Scale Tests

The article discusses the analysis of volume-block housing construction from the point of view of thermal protection of buildings. The results of full-scale tests on quality control of heat-protective properties of external walls and heat-accumulating ability of the object, on control of air permeability of the enclosing structures are presented. The multiplicity of air exchange in buildings made of volumetric blocks has been established. The estimation of the reduced heat transfer resistance of the exterior wall panel in natural conditions is made. A method of increasing the energy efficiency of houses of this type is proposed. During instrumental examination of the building, the method of complex thermal imaging control combining the advantages of the thermal imaging control method, making it possible to contactless record the distribution of radiation temperature on the surface in the field of view of the thermal imaging camera and high accuracy of contact methods for measuring temperature and heat fluxes, was used. Conducting thermal imaging of the outer and inner surfaces of the enclosing structure, we obtain the thermogram: two-dimensional images of the examined surfaces, where the color corresponds to the temperature value determined by the temperature scale of the thermogram. This thermogram makes it possible to conduct a detailed and reliable analysis of the state of the structure and its behavior in dynamics.

ANALYZING PLANNING SOLUTIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS WITH ACCOUNT OF THEIR ENERGY EFFICIENCY

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
Yuriy Pavlovich SOLOGUBOV ◽  
Tatyana Evgen'evna GORDEEVA
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
Key Dimensions

The paper introduces the analysis of interrelation of a space planning solution with energy efficiency of building envelops and building structures insolation. The aim of the research is to find out an energy-efficient planning solution for a definite construction area, that of Samara city. The authors compare buildings key dimensions and introduce their energy performance certificates. Heat losses through front building envelops are also calculated. The paper concludes that from the standpoint of their energy efficiency corridor-type arrangements are preferable to tower blocks.

scholarly journals The increase in energy efficiency of residential buildings of military towns

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Gamayunova ◽  
Anton Radaev ◽  
Mikhail Petrichenko ◽  
Ekaterina Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Residential Construction ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Selection Of

Most of the residential multi-apartment buildings in use in our country do not meet modern regulatory requirements for the level of thermal protection of external enclosing structures. Such buildings require renovation. The objects of the research are residential buildings of KPD-4570 series, which are a typical series of buildings for military towns. The options for improving the energy efficiency of residential construction with the help of selection of heaters that meet the requirements for thermal protection of buildings are proposed. The method of calculating the discounted payback period for insulation costs is presented.

scholarly journals EXERGOECONOMIC APPROACH TO THE PROBLEMS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION ASSESSMENT IN HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (37) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
I. Dolgopolov ◽  
V. Tuchin ◽  
D. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Just Price ◽  
The Given

An attempt to use the base thermodynamics and exergoeconomic aspects of decision tasks of energy efficiency and energy saving with the examples of in heat-, gas- and watersupply in housing and communal services of Ukraine is presented. The methodology of forming the analytical dependences of account and payment of the got and used heat is presented as a result of this approach. This system of account has the followings advantages: 1) the sum of payment takes into account not only an amount but also quality of energy flows; 2) efficiency of work of all elements of this system is taken into account.  The operating presently system of tariffs on natural gas does not take into account current composition of gas and exergy of gas. Dependence, which takes into account the real exergy of natural gas which is supplied, is offered in relation to the minimum exergy of natural gas, which is foreseen DSTU. At forming of cost of water-supply in dependence for determination of sum of payment for water is suggested to enter a constituent, which takes into account the exergy of stream of water, which influences the amount and pressure of the given water. Realization in practice of the exergyeconomic going near tariffs on energy which is consumed in housing and communal services of Ukraine allows from single power positions objectively to estimate efficiency of functioning of all elements of the systems heat-, gaz- and water-supplys. It allows practically to carry out market approach to forming of tariffs on heat-, gaz- and water-supply and to mobilize producers, suppliers and users of services, in this sphere of housing and communal services of Ukraine on an energy-savings and energy efficiency. It is necessary to expect that introduction of these principles has social influence because it is a step which unites the citizens of Ukraine in the decision of tasks of establishment of transparent and just price policy of the state in housing and communal services of Ukraine and improvements of situations with ecology in our country.

The Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings with Light Walling

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 814-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Vladimirovna Petrosova ◽  
Dmitri Vadimovich Petrosov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Main Direction ◽  
Shielding Properties ◽  
Heat Shielding

The main direction of energy saving in construction is the construction of buildings with high heat-shielding properties walling. In connection with this widespread walling using efficient insulation, allow to increase thermal protection of buildings.

scholarly journals Energy efficiency of industrially made buildings influenced by thermal properties of façades

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 615-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Laban ◽  
Radomir Folic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Codes ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Building Typology ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
Heating Up

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the thermal properties of existing residential buildings built in industrial manner in Novi Sad from 1960 to 1990 based on building typology. Each of three analyzed building type has its characteristic fa?ade, with thermal performances divided into periods according to the development of domestic thermal protection building codes. The necessary layer of subsequent insulation is determined by calculations in order to comply with European standards, also applied in Serbia from 2012. The proposed method of periodization simplifies the process of thermal performance assessment and it was checked through the case studies. Evaluation of energy consumption rationalization has been done through comparative analysis of energy losses. Based on the most common energy rehabilitation measures applied in Serbia, it was estimated that it was possible to reduce the energy losses in heating up to 60%.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SOCIAL FACTORS ON A DESIRED LEVEL OF THERMAL PROTECTION OF OUTER WALLS OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 741-746
Author(s):  
Aleksey Ivanovich Ananev ◽  
Andrey Georgievich Rymarov ◽  
Elena Valer'evna Voitovich ◽  
Aleksey Petrovich Latushkin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Residential Density ◽  
Comparison Data

The requirements to a desired level of thermal protection of outer walls of buildings have been analysed. The relation between such requirements and social factors of a country was shown. Comparison data regarding heat releasing surface area of outer walls and windows and heat losses per person have been received for variable residential density of apartments. The authors have shown international practices and the needs for transition to construction of buildings with a higher level of thermal protection of outer walls. Since cold generation is 3-5 times as expensive as heat generation for many buildings, the transition was made from ventilation of the naturally driven type to controlled and mechanical one providing heat recovery of exhaust air. It was suggested that problem of energy-saving in the sector of construction and housing and communal services could be solved providing a desired life of outer walls and costs of current and major repairs required for projected lifetime of a building.

scholarly journals Determination of heat losses of a window frame to the wall joint when replacing the outdated constructions of window blocks with modern ones

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Ivanovich Bedov ◽  
Askar Miniyarovich Gaysin ◽  
Azat Ismagilovich Gabitov ◽  
Rinat Grigor’evich Galeev ◽  
Aleksandr Sergeevich Salov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Window Frame ◽  
Quantitative Calculation ◽  
Heat Protection ◽  
Heat Leakage ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Window Systems

In the Soviet Union a lot of residential buildings with wooden window systems were built. In the last 15 years the requirements to heat protection of buildings have strengthened and the technologies of window systems production have developed. New window constructions appeared, in which window frames of PVC profiles are used. So now double-casement windows with glass are replaced by single-casement with glass units. The replacement of windows is associated with a number of specific problems. The authors analyzed the quantitative parameters of the heat losses in the claddings of brick buildings. It was revealed that significant heat leakage occurs in the joint areas of window frame with the wall, at the junction of slopes. The authors offer a quantitative calculation of heat losses in these units in case of two-dimensional heat flux based on thermal conductivity matrix taking into account the convective heat transfer. On the basis of this calculation a computer program was developed that allows pinpointing the most problematic areas for choosing rational actions for elimination of cold bridges.

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