Intestinal parasites and human immuno virus in Ethiopian tuberclosis patients: A Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract Background: The distribution of intestinal parasites among patients with tuberculosis in Ethiopia has not been well understood. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to determine the pooled national prevalence of intestinal parasites and its association with HIV among patients with tuberculosis in Ethiopia. Methods: Original articles were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and World Health Organization’s HINARI portal and supplemented by the hand searching of cross-references. Data were extracted using a standard data extraction checklist. Random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of intestinal parasites and odds ratio of the association. The I2 statistic was utilized to quantify statistical heterogeneity across studies. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s regression tests were used to check for publication bias. The analysis was done by STATA version 14 for Windows. Results: Of 725 identified studies, 12 articles were eligible for inclusion in the final analysis. The pooled national prevalence of intestinal parasites among patients with tuberculosis in Ethiopia was 36.1% (95% CI: 22.1 – 50.1, I2:98.7%). Subgroup analysis based on study design indicated that the prevalence of intestinal parasite among case-control studies was 41.69% (95% CI: 28.6 – 54.8, I2: 95.1%). The odds of intestinal parasites among patients with tuberculosis- HIV co-infection was not significantly different compared with patients with tuberculosis without HIV/AIDS (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.7 - 4.7, p: 0.96). Conclusion: In Ethiopia, at least one out of three patients with tuberculosis have intestinal parasite. These findings suggest the need of more attention on increasing screening tuberculosis patients for intestinal parasites and deworming intervention.

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Timely Revisit of Proprioceptive Deficits in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Global Spine Journal ◽

10.1177/21925682211066824 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 219256822110668

Author(s):

Kenney K. L. Lau ◽

Karlen K. P. Law ◽

Kenny Y. H. Kwan ◽

Jason P. Y. Cheung ◽

Kenneth M. C. Cheung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽

Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽

Case Reports ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Detection Threshold ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Meta Analyses

Study Design Systematic review and meta-analysis Objectives The present review aimed to summarize the evidence regarding differences in proprioception between children with and without adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods Seven electronic databases were searched from their inception to April 10, 2021. Articles were included if they involved: (1) AIS patients aged between 10 and 18 years, (2) measurements of proprioceptive abilities, and (3) comparisons with non-AIS controls. Animal studies, case reports, commentaries, conference proceedings, research protocols, and reviews were excluded. Two reviewers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, risks of bias assessments, and quality of evidence evaluations. Relevant information was pooled for meta-analyses. Results From 432 identified citations, 11 case-control studies comprising 1121 participants were included. The meta-analyses showed that AIS participants displayed proprioceptive deficits as compared to non-AIS controls. Moderate evidence supported that AIS participants showed significantly larger repositioning errors than healthy controls (pooled mean difference = 1.27 degrees, P < .01). Low evidence substantiated that AIS participants had significantly greater motion detection threshold (pooled mean difference = 1.60 degrees, P < .01) and abnormal somatosensory evoked potentials (pooled mean difference = .36 milliseconds, P = .01) than non-AIS counterparts. Conclusions Consistent findings revealed that proprioceptive deficits occurred in AIS patients. Further investigations on the causal relationship between AIS and proprioception, and the identification of the subgroup of AIS patients with proprioceptive deficit are needed.

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Association between sepsis and retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025440 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. e025440 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaofen Wang ◽

Kun Tang ◽

Ling Chen ◽

Sixiang Cheng ◽

Huilan Xu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Severe Stage

ObjectiveTo explore the association between sepsis and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesWe performed a systematic search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Embase from 1 January, 2000, to 1 January, 2018, with no language restrictions and reported the relationship between sepsis and ROP.Eligibility criteriaOriginal observational studies, including cohort studies and case-control studies.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently completed the study selection and data extraction. The OR and corresponding 95% CI were used to measure the risk of sepsis in patients with ROP. The heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and the I2statistic. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was adopted to evaluate the quality of each of the included studies, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to assess the quality of the evidence.ResultsSixteen studies with a total sample size of 12 466 premature infants and 2494 cases of ROP were included in this meta-analysis. Adjusted analysis showed that sepsis was closely related to any stage of ROP (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.89) and severe stage of ROP (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.21 to 4.51) in premature infants, with 56.3% and 81.8% heterogeneity, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that heterogeneity was obvious in prospective cohort studies (I2= 62.1%, p<0.001). In a sensitivity analysis, we found that removing any single study did not significantly change the overall effect value. The quality of the evidence was rated as low for both any stage of ROP and severe stage of ROP.ConclusionsSepsis increases the risk of ROP in preterm infants. However, considering that all included studies are observational and causality can rarely be established, additional evidence is needed to substantiate this finding and provide advice for practice.

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Epidemiology of gastric cancer in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-019-1214-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Celestin Danwang ◽

Jean Joel Bigna

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Case Series ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity ◽

The Usa

Abstract Background Gastric cancer is actually known as the sixth most frequent cancer and the second cancer-related cause of death worldwide. If studies giving an overview of current epidemiology of gastric cancer in Europe, Asia, and the USA are available, in Africa, studies reporting recent data on gastric cancer are sparse. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim therefore to provide relevant data on contemporary epidemiology of gastric cancer in Africa in terms of prevalence, incidence, and case fatality rate. Methods and design We will include cohort, case-control, cross-sectional studies, and case series with more than 30 participants. EMBASE, PubMed, Africa Index Medicus, Africa Journals Online, and Web of Science will be searched for relevant abstracts of studies published and unpublished between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2019, without language restriction. The review will be reported according to the MOOSE (Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guideline. After screening of abstracts, study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment, we shall assess the studies individually for clinical and statistical heterogeneity. Random-effect meta-analysis will be used to pool studies judged to be clinically homogenous. The Egger test and visual inspection of funnel plots will be used to assess publication bias. Discussion This review will provide relevant data on the current burden of gastric cancer in Africa. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019130348.

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Dynamics of sputum conversion during effective tuberculosis treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS Medicine ◽

10.1371/journal.pmed.1003566 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. e1003566

Author(s):

Claire J. Calderwood ◽

James P. Wilson ◽

Katherine L. Fielding ◽

Rebecca C. Harris ◽

Aaron S. Karat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

World Health ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Tb Treatment ◽

Health Organization ◽

Reported Data ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Culture Conversion

Background Two weeks’ isolation is widely recommended for people commencing treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The evidence that this corresponds to clearance of potentially infectious tuberculous mycobacteria in sputum is not well established. This World Health Organization–commissioned review investigated sputum sterilisation dynamics during TB treatment. Methods and findings For the main analysis, 2 systematic literature searches of OvidSP MEDLINE, Embase, and Global Health, and EBSCO CINAHL Plus were conducted to identify studies with data on TB infectiousness (all studies to search date, 1 December 2017) and all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for drug-susceptible TB (from 1 January 1990 to search date, 20 February 2018). Included articles reported on patients receiving effective treatment for culture-confirmed drug-susceptible pulmonary TB. The outcome of interest was sputum bacteriological conversion: the proportion of patients having converted by a defined time point or a summary measure of time to conversion, assessed by smear or culture. Any study design where more than 10 participants were included was considered. Record sifting and data extraction were performed in duplicate. Random effects meta-analyses were performed. A narrative summary additionally describes the results of a systematic search for data evaluating infectiousness from humans to experimental animals (PubMed, all studies to 27 March 2018). Other evidence on duration of infectiousness—including studies reporting on cough dynamics, human tuberculin skin test conversion, or early bactericidal activity of TB treatments—was outside the scope of this review. The literature search was repeated on 22 November 2020, at the request of the editors, to identify studies published after the previous censor date. Four small studies reporting 3 different outcome measures were identified, which included no data that would alter the findings of the review; they are not included in the meta-analyses. Of 5,290 identified records, 44 were included. Twenty-seven (61%) were RCTs and 17 (39%) were cohort studies. Thirteen studies (30%) reported data from Africa, 12 (27%) from Asia, 6 (14%) from South America, 5 (11%) from North America, and 4 (9%) from Europe. Four studies reported data from multiple continents. Summary estimates suggested smear conversion in 9% of patients at 2 weeks (95% CI 3%–24%, 1 single study [N = 1]), and 82% of patients at 2 months of treatment (95% CI 78%–86%, N = 10). Among baseline smear-positive patients, solid culture conversion occurred by 2 weeks in 5% (95% CI 0%–14%, N = 2), increasing to 88% at 2 months (95% CI 84%–92%, N = 20). At equivalent time points, liquid culture conversion was achieved in 3% (95% CI 1%–16%, N = 1) and 59% (95% CI 47%–70%, N = 8). Significant heterogeneity was observed. Further interrogation of the data to explain this heterogeneity was limited by the lack of disaggregation of results, including by factors such as HIV status, baseline smear status, and the presence or absence of lung cavitation. Conclusions This systematic review found that most patients remained culture positive at 2 weeks of TB treatment, challenging the view that individuals are not infectious after this interval. Culture positivity is, however, only 1 component of infectiousness, with reduced cough frequency and aerosol generation after TB treatment initiation likely to also be important. Studies that integrate our findings with data on cough dynamics could provide a more complete perspective on potential transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by individuals on treatment. Trial registration Systematic review registration: PROSPERO 85226.

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Prenatal maternal stress and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

HRB Open Research ◽

10.12688/hrbopenres.12827.2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicla Manzari ◽

Karen Matvienko-Sikar ◽

Franco Baldoni ◽

Gerard W. O'Keeffe ◽

Ali S. Khashan

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Maternal Stress ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Impact

Background: Prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) is defined as the experience of significant levels of prenatal stress, depression or anxiety during pregnancy. PNMS has been associated with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in exposed offspring. However, these findings are inconsistent and other studies found no association, meaning a clear consensus on the impact of PNMS on ASD and ADHD risk is required. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize and critically review the existing literature on the effects of PNMS on ASD and ADHD risk. Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus and EMBASE) will be searched for articles following a detailed search strategy. We will include cohort and case-control studies that assessed maternal exposure to psychological and/or environmental stress and had ASD or ADHD as an outcome. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles, abstracts and full articles to identify eligible studies. We will use a standardised data extraction form for extracting data and a bias classification tool for assessing study quality. This systematic review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The generic inverse variance method will be used if possible to perform meta-analyses. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for this study because it will not involve the conduct or inclusion of any experimental or personal data that would require informed consent. The systematic review will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018084222.

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Green Tea Consumption and Risk of Breast Cancer and Recurrence—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10121886 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1886 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Vincenza Gianfredi ◽

Daniele Nucci ◽

Angela Abalsamo ◽

Mattia Acito ◽

Milena Villarini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Green Tea ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Menopausal Status ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Regular Consumption ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity ◽

Meta Analyses

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and several factors are involved in its onset. Green tea (GT) has been shown to have potential beneficial effects on different types of cancer. The aim of this review was to evaluate the association between GT regular consumption and risk of BC in women. The risk of BC recurrence and risk of BC in relation to menopausal status were also evaluated. A literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to perform the systematic review and meta-analysis. Full texts were downloaded for 40 studies; however, only 13 records were included in the meta-analysis. Eight were cohort studies and five were case-control studies. The pooled sample consisted of 163,810 people. An inverse statistically significant relationship between GT and BC risk, with an Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.85 ((95% CI = 0.80–0.92), p = 0.000)), was found. Egger’s linear regression test did not show a potential publication bias (intercept 0.33, t = 0.40, p = 0.695), which was also confirmed by the symmetry of the funnel plot. Moreover, no high statistical heterogeneity (Chi2 = 31.55, df = 13, I2 = 58.79%, p = 0.003) was found. The results of this meta-analysis showed a potential protective effect of GT consumption on BC, especially for BC recurrence.

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Predicting future self-harm or suicide in adolescents: a systematic review of risk assessment scales/tools

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029311 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e029311 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Isobel Marion Harris ◽

Sophie Beese ◽

David Moore

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Predictive Ability ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Self Harm

ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to evaluate the ability of risk tools to predict the future episodes of suicide/self-harm in adolescents.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched from inception to 3 March 2018.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesCohort studies, case–control studies and randomised controlled trials of adolescents aged 10–25 who had undergone risk assessment in a clinical setting following an episode of self-harm were included.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Data were grouped by tool and narrative synthesis undertaken, with studies appraised using a checklist combining the QUIPS (Quality In Prognosis Studies) and QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) tools.ResultsOf the 17 137 articles initially identified, 11 studies evaluating 10 separate tools were included. The studies varied in setting, population and outcome measure. The majority of the studies were rated as having an unclear risk of bias, and meta-analysis was not possible due to high variability between studies.The ability of the tools to correctly identify those adolescents going on to make a self-harm/suicide attempt ranged from 27% (95% CI 10.7% to 50.2%) to 95.8% (95% CI 78.9% to 99.9%). A variety of metrics were provided for 1–10 points increases in various tools, for example, odds and HRs.ConclusionsThis systematic review is the first to explore the use of assessment tools in adolescents. The predictive ability of these tools varies greatly. No single tool is suitable for predicting a higher risk of suicide or self-harm in adolescent populations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017058686

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Non-adherence to inhaled medications among adult asthmatic patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Asthma Research and Practice ◽

10.1186/s40733-020-00065-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Woldu Aberhe ◽

Abrha Hailay ◽

Kidane Zereabruk ◽

Guesh Mebrahtom ◽

Teklehaimanot Haile

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Review ◽

World Health ◽

Care Providers ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Inconsistency Index ◽

National Prevalence

Abstract Background Medication non-adherence is one of a common problem in asthma management and it is the main factor for uncontrolled asthma. It can result in poor asthma control, which leads to decreased quality of life, increase hospital admission, increased health care utilization, lost productivity, and mortality. To date, there have been no studies and protocols that estimated the pooled national prevalence of non-adherence to inhaled anti-asthmatic medications in Ethiopia. Therefore, the primary purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the pooled national prevalence of non-adherence to inhaled medications among asthmatic patients in Ethiopia. Methods Different database searching engines including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Africa journal online, World Health Organization afro library, and Cochrane review were systematically searched by using keywords such as “prevalence, non-adherence to inhaled medications, inhaled corticosteroids, and asthmatic patients” and their combinations. Six published observational studies that report the prevalence of non-adherence to inhaled medications were finally selected. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guideline was followed. Heterogeneity across the included studies was evaluated by the inconsistency index (I2). The random-effect model was fitted to estimate the pooled prevalence of non-adherence to inhale anti-asthmatic medications. All statistical analysis was done using R version 3.5.3 and R Studio version 1.2.5033 software for windows. Results The pooled national prevalence of non-adherence to inhaled medications among asthmatic patients was 29.95% (95% CI, 19.1, 40.8%). The result of this meta-analysis using the random-effects model revealed that there is high heterogeneity across the included studies. The result of subgroup analysis indicates that one out of three in the Oromia region and one out of five in the Amhara region asthmatic patients was non-adherent to their inhaled anti-asthmatic medications. Conclusion the prevalence of non-adherence to inhaled anti-asthmatic medications was high. Thus, our finding suggests that one out of four asthmatic patients were non-adherent to inhaled medications. The ministry of health, health policymakers, clinicians, and other health care providers should pay attention to strengthening the adherence levels to inhaled anti-asthmatic medications, and country-based interventions should be developed to reduce the burden of non-adherence to inhaled anti-asthmatic medications.

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Incidence of HIV and HCV in Injecting Drug Users: Systematic and Meta-analysis Review protocol

10.21203/rs.2.21205/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Asaad Sharhani ◽

Azam Rahmani ◽

Bahram Armoon ◽

Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari ◽

Mehdi Noroozi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Modeling ◽

Systematic Review ◽

People Who Inject Drugs ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Health Concern ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Quality Test ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract introduction: HIV and HCV is a health concern in the word. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis protocol study is aimed to estimate the incidence of HIV and HCV among People who inject drugs (PWID) by applying mathematical modeling. The primary purpose of this systematic review is to identify and review existing studies of HIV and HCV incidence in people who inject drugs, that use mathematical modeling. Methods and analysis: Studies including cohort, cross-sectional, case–control studies which were conducted to estimate incidence of HIV and HCV based on mathematical or evaluated effectiveness of mathematical models will be considered to enroll the review; a comprehensive search with Cochrane approach would be applied to identify relevant studies in electronic databases in the period of 2000 to 2019. This protocol was prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and we will search PubMed, EMBASE, Opengrey, WOS, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library with no restriction of language. Study selection and data extraction will be performed by two independent reviewers. Assessment of risk of bias will be implemented using three quality test tools including Newcastle Ottawa Scale and ROBIS scale for cross-sectional studies and quantitative studies quality test tool for observational and interventional studies for other study Publication bias will be assessed by funnel plots, Begg’s and Egger’s tests. Heterogeneity will be evaluated using the I2 statistic and the χ2 test. In addition, subgroup analyses will be conducted for population and the secondary outcomes.

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Association of Work Risk Factors and the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases: Protocol of a Systematic Review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-608667/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christian Moretti Anfossi ◽

Christian Tobar Fredes ◽

Eduardo Quiñelen Rojas ◽

Jamie Ross ◽

Jenny Head ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Job Strain ◽

Job Insecurity ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Working Hours ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Control Studies

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death, representing 31.8% of all global deaths. Several lifestyle behaviours are associated with the development and clinical manifestation of CVDs, however, these behavioural risk factors by themselves do not fully explain the population burden of CVDs. There is increasing recognition that working conditions and risk factors of the work environment are associated with health, including the development of CVDs. We will systematically review observational studies of adults exposed to work risk factors and their association with CVDs.Methods: We will follow the Navigation Guide framework. We will include cohort and case-control studies. The population will be adults of working age (18-65). The exposure will include six categories of work exposure: job strain, effort-reward imbalance, long working hours, job insecurity, shift work and occupational noise; the comparator will be the unexposed group or specified control group. The outcomes will be cerebrovascular diseases, ischaemic heart disease and hypertensive diseases. Published and unpublished studies will be included. The selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, quality assessment and strength of evidence will be carried out by two reviewers independently and disagreements will be solved by a third. Due to the diversity in the populations and exposures in the studies, the synthesis of the results, the quality and the strength of the evidence will be done by a synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM), following the SWiM reporting guideline.Discussion: This systematic review will identify and synthesise the evidence for the association between work risk factors and risk of CVDs. This work will underpin and inform a broader objective to examine the effectiveness of interventions to minimise the effects of risk factors for CVDs in workplaces, with the final aim of informing occupational health policies in the future. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020179972.

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