scholarly journals Musculoskeletal consequences in cyber-addicted students - Is it really a matter of health? A ROC curve analysis for prioritizing risk factors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Heidari Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Babamiri ◽  
Fakhradin Ghasemi ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Ghaffari ◽  
Mahdi Razie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Online Games ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Area Under Roc Curve ◽  
Near Future

Abstract Background The high prevalence and also multiple consequences of addiction to various online content, including online games and social networks, have become a major challenge. The ability to predict musculoskeletal disorders from this addiction can help reveal in students' health status in the near future. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this addiction and the ability to predict neck pain from this matter in students. Methods This study was carried out among 665 students. Data collection was performed through three questionnaires on problematic use of online games, social networking addiction, and Nordic musculoskeletal disorders. Data were compared with Chi-square and independent T-test, and the logistic regression model was then presented at a significant level of 0.05. Finally, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Discriminant analysis with SPSS and STATA software were conducted to clarify associations. Results The prevalence of Internet-related content addiction was 32.8%. The results showed that addiction to social networks and online games can increase the risk of neck disorder. Also 0.58 area under ROC curve depicted the ability to predict neck pain from this addiction. Conclusions In students with internet - related content addiction, neck disorder can be predicted. Given the high prevalence of internet addiction in students, it is essential to take immediate and appropriate interventions to avoid the associated adverse effects such as neck problems.

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal consequences in cyber-addicted students - Is it really a matter of health? A ROC curve analysis for prioritizing risk factors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Heidari Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Babamiri ◽  
Fakhradin Ghasemi ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Ghaffari ◽  
Mahdi Razie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Online Games ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Area Under Roc Curve ◽  
Near Future

Abstract Background The high prevalence and also multiple consequences of addiction to various online content, including online games and social networks, have become a major challenge. The ability to predict musculoskeletal disorders from this addiction can help reveal in students' health status in the near future. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this addiction and the ability to predict neck pain from this matter in students.Methods This study was carried out among 665 students. Data collection was performed through three questionnaires on problematic use of online games, social networking addiction, and Nordic musculoskeletal disorders. Data were compared with Chi-square and independent T-test, and the logistic regression model was then presented at a significant level of 0.05. Finally, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Discriminant analysis with SPSS and STATA software were conducted to clarify associations.Results The prevalence of Internet-related content addiction was 32.8%. The results showed that addiction to social networks and online games can increase the risk of neck disorder. Also 0.58 area under ROC curve depicted the ability to predict neck pain from this addiction.Conclusions In students with internet - related content addiction, neck disorder can be predicted. Given the high prevalence of internet addiction in students, it is essential to take immediate and appropriate interventions to avoid the associated adverse effects such as neck problems.

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal Consequences in Cyber-Addicted Students - Is It Really A Matter of Health? A ROC Curve Analysis for Prioritizing Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. e00475-e00475
Author(s):  
Rashid Heidarimoghadam ◽  
Alireza Mortezapour ◽  
Fakhradin Ghasemi ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Ghaffari ◽  
Mohammad Babamiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Online Games ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: The high prevalence and also multiple consequences of addiction to various online content, including online games and social networks, have become a major challenge. The ability to predict musculoskeletal disorders from this addiction can help reveal in students' health status in the near future. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this addiction and the ability to predict neck pain from this matter in students. Study Design: A cross sectional study. Methods: This study was carried out among 665 students. Data collection was performed through three questionnaires on problematic use of online games, social networking addiction, and Nordic musculoskeletal disorders. Data were compared with Chi-square and independent T-test, and the logistic regression model was then presented at a significant level of 0.05. Finally, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Discriminant analysis were conducted to clarify associations. Results: The prevalence of Internet-related content addiction was 32.8%. The results showed that addiction to social networks and online games can increase the risk of neck disorder. Also 0.58 area under ROC curve depicted the ability to predict neck pain from this addiction. Conclusions: In students with internet - related content addiction, neck disorder can be predicted. Given the high prevalence of internet addiction in students, it is essential to take immediate and appropriate interventions to avoid the associated adverse effects such as neck problems.

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal disorders and level of physical activity in welders

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 586-592
Author(s):  
C Weyh ◽  
C Pilat ◽  
K Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Welders demonstrate a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), as indicated by high rates of illness-related absenteeism. Leisure time physical activity (LTPA) could be a preventive strategy. However, little is known about LTPA prevalence and its association with MSDs among welders. Aims The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of MSD and LTPA levels among welders and to identify risk factors for the main disorder of low back pain (LBP). Methods The following data were collected from 145 welders from 34 companies in the German steel industry: individual factors (demographics, health behaviour), job-related factors (welding process, welding hours per day, employment years, shift work, ergonomic tools) and MSD (Nordic questionnaire). LTPA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) was calculated to determine the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) per week as an objective measure of energy expenditure. Prevalence and multivariate regression analysis were calculated to determine odds ratios (ORs). Results The 12-month prevalence of LBP was 71%, for neck pain 61% and for shoulder pain 55%. Forty-two per cent of the participants accumulated <600 MET/week. The multivariate regression model revealed LTPA <600 MET/week (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.05–10.85) and neck pain in the previous 12 months (OR 5.2, 95% CI 2.02–13.56) to be significantly associated with LBP. Conclusions The results show a high prevalence of MSDs and thus a strong requirement for intervention. Therefore, LTPA should be prioritized and employers should encourage access to regular activity.

scholarly journals Μελέτη των παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν την εμφάνιση εξέλκωσης σε διαβητικό πόδι και σχεδιασμός εξατομικευμένου υποδήματος

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Αριστομένης Κοσσιώρης
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Scale Score ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale Score ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Chi Square

Εισαγωγή: Αν και οι ακρωτηριασμοί και οι παραμορφώσεις στα πόδια, αποτελούν παραμέτρους που έχουν μελετηθεί ως παράγοντες κινδύνου για διαβητική εξέλκωση [10,127,128], η συμπερίληψη των ποδικών ακρωτηριασμών και παραμορφώσεων σε μία ευρεία, ενιαία μεταβλητή παραμορφώσεων με αναφορά στη βαρύτητα αυτών, μπορεί να χαρακτηρίζει καλύτερα τα άτομα σε κίνδυνο για διαβητική εξέλκωση. Η διαβητική εξέλκωση μπορεί να προληφθεί εφαρμόζοντας κατάλληλες παρεμβάσεις, όπως η χρήση ειδικών υποδημάτων αποφόρτισης για ≥60% του χρόνου κατά τον οποίο βαδίζουν ή βρίσκονται σε όρθια στάση ή εκτός του κρεβατιού (≥9.6/16 ώρες) [72,76,79]. Ωστόσο, από απλούς υπολογισμούς, μόνο οι μισοί σχεδόν ασθενείς (49.5% -ενδοτεταρτομοριακό εύρος 39.0-49.5%-) των ασθενών έχουν προμηθευτεί υποδήματα πρόληψης διαβητικής εξέλκωσης μετά από σχετική σύσταση του ιατρού [74,129], όπως επίσης οι μισοί σχεδόν ασθενείς (55.7% -τυπική απόκλιση 16.9%-), από αυτούς που έχουν προμηθευτεί ειδικά υποδήματα αποφόρτισης, τα φορούν για τον ενδεδειγμένο χρόνο [72-76]. Υλικό και Μέθοδος: Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης ήταν η διερεύνηση της βαρύτητας των ακρωτηριαστικών και μη ακρωτηριαστικών ποδικών παραμορφώσεων ως παράγοντα κινδύνου για διαβητική εξέλκωση σε σχέση με τους άλλους καθιερωμένους στη βιβλιογραφία παράγοντες κινδύνου και η σύνδεση των ευρημάτων της διερεύνησης αυτής με τη θεωρητική υπόθεση ότι η χρήση κατάλληλων υποδημάτων από τους ασθενείς με διαβήτη τουλάχιστον για το 60% του χρόνου κατά τον οποίο βρίσκονται εκτός του κρεβατιού μπορεί να προλάβει την ανάπτυξη διαβητικών ελκών, σε δύο μελέτες στο ίδιο δείγμα ασθενών με διαβήτη με ή χωρίς ενεργά ποδικά έλκη (μελέτες 1 και 2, N=134 και 134 αντίστοιχα). Στην πρώτη μελέτη, διερευνήθηκε η βαρύτητα των ακρωτηριαστικών και μη ακρωτηριαστικών ποδικών παραμορφώσεων ως παράγοντα κινδύνου για διαβητική εξέλκωση σε σχέση με τους άλλους, καθιερωμένους στη βιβλιογραφία παράγοντες κινδύνου. Διενεργήθηκε συγχρονική και ασθενών-μαρτύρων έρευνα από τον Οκτώβριο του 2005 μέχρι τον Νοέμβριο του 2016. Για τη συλλογή των δεδομένων, χρησιμοποιήθηκε δομημένος ποσοτικός οδηγός συνέντευξης. Πραγματοποιήθηκε μονομεταβλητή λογιστική παλινδρομική ανάλυση για τους καθιερωμένους στη βιβλιογραφία παράγοντες κινδύνου, όπως επίσης για δύο εκδοχές της μεταβλητής «βαρύτητα των ακρωτηριαστικών και μη ακρωτηριαστικών ποδικών παραμορφώσεων» (με δύο και τρεις κατηγορίες βαρύτητας ποδικών παραμορφώσεων). Ακολούθως, πραγματοποιήθηκε πολυμεταβλητή λογιστική παλινδρομική ανάλυση για τρία προβλεπτικά μοντέλα και ανάλυση καμπύλης λειτουργικού χαρακτηριστικού δέκτη (receiver operating characteristic -ROC- curve analysis) για τη σύγκριση αυτών. Στη δεύτερη μελέτη, εξετάστηκαν η αρχική και συνεχιζόμενη συμμόρφωση των ασθενών με διαβητική ποδοπάθεια στη χρήση κατάλληλων υποδημάτων. Για τη συλλογή των δεδομένων, χρησιμοποιήθηκε επίσης δομημένος ποσοτικός οδηγός συνέντευξης. Για την επαγωγική στατιστική ανάλυση των δεδομένων, εφαρμόστηκαν τα τεστ Chi-square και Mann-Whitney U, όπως επίσης μονομεταβλητή λογιστική παλινδρομική ανάλυση. Αποτελέσματα: Όσον αφορά στη μελέτη 1, η μονομεταβλητή λογιστική παλινδρομική ανάλυση, αναφορικά με τις μεταβλητές που περιλαμβάνονταν στα τρία μοντέλα («1», «2» και «3») ήταν σημαντική (P≤.05) για τη διαβητική περιφερική νευροπάθεια (OR 3.80, 95% CI 1.66-8.70, P=.002), την περιφερική αρτηριοπάθεια (OR 4.14, 95% CI 1.84-9.32, P=.001), τις ακρωτηριαστικές ποδικές παραμορφώσεις (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.04-7.45, P=.042), το ιστορικό προηγούμενης ποδικής εξέλκωσης (OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.64-8.77, P=.002) και τις μέτριες/σοβαρές ποδικές παραμορφώσεις από τη μεταβλητή «βαρύτητα των ακρωτηριαστικών και μη ακρωτηριαστικών ποδικών παραμορφώσεων» με τις δύο κατηγορίες βαρύτητας (κατηγορία αναφοράς: «καμία/ήπιες») (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.13-6.86, P=.026). Σχετικά με την πολυμεταβλητή λογιστική παλινδρομική ανάλυση του μοντέλου 1, δεν παρήχθη καμία στατιστικά σημαντική μεταβλητή. Αναφορικά με την πολυμεταβλητή λογιστική παλινδρομική ανάλυση των μοντέλων 2 και 3, μόνο η περιφερική αρτηριοπάθεια ήταν στατιστικά σημαντική (OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.17-10.82, P=.025 και OR 3.33, 95% CI 1.10-10.08, P=.033 αντίστοιχα). Όσον αφορά στην ανάλυση καμπύλης λειτουργικού χαρακτηριστικού δέκτη, και τα δύο μοντέλα 2 και 3 είχαν μεγαλύτερες περιοχές κάτω από την ROC καμπύλη από την περιοχή του μοντέλου 1 (0.763, P<.001 και 0.754, P<.001 αντίστοιχα). Σχετικά με τη μελέτη 2, υπήρξε μια σημαντική συσχέτιση μεταξύ της παρουσίας ή απουσίας ενεργής ποδικής εξέλκωσης και του αν ή όχι οι συμμετέχοντες φορούσαν σωστά υποδήματα τη στιγμή της έρευνας (χ2(1)=4.36, P=.037). Οι ασθενείς με ενεργά ποδικά έλκη φορούσαν κατάλληλα υποδήματα σε μικρότερο ποσοστό (44.4% έναντι 78.6%) από εκείνους που δεν είχαν έλκη (τους ασθενείς σε κίνδυνο για διαβητική εξέλκωση). Η αρχικά συμμορφούμενη ομάδα είχε σημαντικά χαμηλότερο Visual Analogue Scale score αναφορικά με την ικανοποίηση από την τιμή των υποδημάτων (διάμεσος=5.0) από την ομάδα που δεν ήταν αρχικά συμμορφούμενη (διάμεσος=8.0, U=97.0, z=-2.36, P=.019, r=-0.38). Η μονομεταβλητή λογιστική παλινδρομική ανάλυση σε σχέση με την έκβαση της αρχικής συμμόρφωσης, ήταν σημαντική (P=.045) μόνο για την παράμετρο της «παρουσίας ή απουσίας ενεργής ποδικής εξέλκωσης» (OR 4.58, 95% CI 1.04-20.24) καταδεικνύοντας γραμμική σχέση μεταξύ της κατηγορικής ανεξάρτητης μεταβλητής και των λογαριθμικών λόγων των πιθανοτήτων της εξαρτημένης. Η απουσία ενεργών ποδικών εξελκώσεων είχε θετική επίδραση στη αρχική συμμόρφωση (B=1.52, SE=0.76) και ο δείκτης Nagelkerke’s R2, ο οποίος ήταν ίσος με 0.14, φανέρωσε μια σχετικά αδύναμη συσχέτιση μεταξύ της προβλεπτικής και της εξαρτημένης μεταβλητής. Το μέγεθος της υποομάδας των ασθενών σε κίνδυνο για ποδική εξέλκωση ήταν αρκετά μικρό (n=11) και συνεπώς ανεπαρκές για επαγωγική ανάλυση αναφορικά με τη συνεχιζόμενη συμμόρφωση. Συμπεράσματα: Μια ενιαία μεταβλητή για τους ακρωτηριασμούς των κάτω άκρων και τις άλλες ποδικές παραμορφώσεις με αναφορά στη βαρύτητα αυτών και ≥2 κατηγορίες κινδύνου, θα μπορούσε να είναι πιο βοηθητική στους κλινικούς για τον εντοπισμό και την ταξινόμηση των ασθενών με διαβήτη σε κίνδυνο για διαβητική εξέλκωση. Για την επαύξηση της αρχικής συμμόρφωσης και κατ’ επέκταση της συνεχιζόμενης συμμόρφωσης στη χρήση κατάλληλων υποδημάτων από τους ασθενείς με διαβήτη με ποδικά έλκη ή σε κίνδυνο για ποδική εξέλκωση, οι επαγγελματίες υγείες θα μπορούσαν αν δίνουν μεγαλύτερη έμφαση στην εκπαίδευση των ασθενών με ενεργά ποδικά έλκη, εφαρμόζοντας εντατικές εκπαιδευτικές παρεμβάσεις [70,71]. Επιπρόσθετα, θα μπορούσαν να παρέχουν στους ασθενείς πολλαπλές επιλογές κόστους αναφορικά με τα υποδήματά τους (π.χ. προτείνοντας αποτελεσματικά και οικονομικά προϊόντα) ή θα μπορούσαν να συμμετέχουν, υπό τον όρο της κατάλληλης εφαρμογής της σχετικής τεχνολογίας στα νοσοκομεία, στην διαδικασία σχεδιασμού/κατασκευής ιατροτεχνολογικών προϊόντων, όπως τα θεραπευτικά/προληπτικά υποδήματα, μειώνοντας έτσι το τελικό κόστος [109,149].

scholarly journals Impact of co-morbidities on the mortality of patients with status epilepticus and the utility of RCBI score in evaluating the mortality of status epilepticus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Deng Chen ◽  
Li-na Zhu ◽  
ling liu
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Western China ◽  
Convulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
West China Hospital ◽  
Area Under Roc Curve

Abstract Background: To investigate the influential factors of complications on prognosis of patients with status epilepticus, modify the Complication Burden Index （CBI）into the Rankin CBI（RCBI）, and analyze its practicability in status epilepticus in western China. Method: A total of 396 patients with status epilepticus were studied from December 2016 to January 2019 in West China Hospital. The clinical data were collected, including demographic characteristics, status epilepticus characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and MedCalc ROC，and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization death and poor prognosis (GOS scale is 1-3). Results: Of the 396 patients with status epilepticus included in the study, 43 (10.9%) died in hospital and 114 (28.8%) had poor prognosis. Using ROC curve analysis, when RCBI > 3, the area under the ROC curve of hospitalization death was 0.914 , p < 0.0001; When RCBI > 3, the area under ROC curve for poor prognosis was 0.882, p < 0.0001. There were 327 people with convulsive status epilepticus, including 41 deaths. When RCBI>3, the area under the hospital mortality curve was 0.915 (p<0.0001). A total of 100 patients had a poor prognosis. When RCBI>3, the area under the poor prognosis curve was 0.867 (p<0.0001). Conclusions: The hospital mortality rate of patients with status epilepticus is 10.9%. RCBI >3 points had a certain significance for predicting hospitalization death and poor prognosis of status epilepticus. There were no significant differences in RCBI scales for convulsive status epilepticus and non-convulsive status epilepticus.

scholarly journals LIM and SH3 Protein 1 Stands for a Bio-Marker for Cholangiocarcinoma Detection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Yanni Li ◽  
Yanfang Zheng ◽  
Huoming Chen ◽  
Xiaolong Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Auc Value

Abstract Background: LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP-1) has been demonstrated to be overexpression in several types of cancers. The aim of this study was to verify the serum level of LASP-1 and investigate its diagnostic value in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients.Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression level of LASP-1 in CCA patients and healthy controls. The correlation of LASP-1 expression with clinicopathological characteristic of CCA patients was analyzed via Chi-square test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was built to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum LASP-1 in CCA.Results: Serum levels of LASP-1 were upregulated in CCA compared with healthy controls (P<0.01). And the serum level and tissue level of LASP-1 mRNA exhibited significant correlation (R=0.454, P=0.000). Serum expression of LASP-1 was closely associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.018) and TNM stage (P=0.021). ROC curve analysis revealed that serum LASP-1 was of great value in differentiating CCA patients from healthy individuals. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) value was 0.879 corresponding with a sensitivity of 81.9% and a specificity of 79.6%.Conclusions: Serum LASP-1 might be an useful diagnostic biomarker for CCA.

scholarly journals Serum miR-218 is a Potential Biomarker in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keqian Zhang ◽  
Tianqi Mao ◽  
Zhicheng He ◽  
Xiaojiao Wu ◽  
Yu Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Serum Microrna ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Area Under Roc Curve ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background: Our study was designed to explore the diagnostic role of serum microRNA-218 (miR-218) in colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods: Serum level of miR-218 was measured in 117 CRC samples and 88 normal controls using quantitative reverse transcription (qRT-PCR). Chi-square test was performed to assess the relationships between miR-218 expression and clinical characteristics of CRC patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was established to investigate the diagnostic significance of miR-218 in CRC with the area under ROC curve (AUC).Results: MiR-218 was found to be weekly expressed in CRC serum samples compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). And the down-regulation of miR-218 shared close relationships with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.013), vascular invasion (P = 0.020) and TNM stage (P = 0.031). However, age, tumor size and gender had no significant influence on miR-218 expression (P > 0.05). According to the ROC curve, miR-218 yielded an AUC value of 0.897 and an optimal cutoff point value of 0.021, providing a 83.8% sensitivity and a 78.4% specificity. Conclusion: In summary, decreased expression of serum miR-218 was detected in CRC patients and the expression of miR-218 was a diagnostic marker in CRC.

scholarly journals Detection of cardio-metabolic risk by BMI and waist circumference among a population of Guatemalan adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1037-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cria O Gregory ◽  
Camila Corvalán ◽  
Manuel Ramirez-Zea ◽  
Reynaldo Martorell ◽  
Aryeh D Stein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Childhood Stunting

AbstractBackgroundBMI and waist circumference (WC) are used to screen for cardio-metabolic risk; however it is unclear how well these indices perform in populations subject to childhood stunting.ObjectivesTo evaluate BMI and WC as indicators of cardio-metabolic risk and to determine optimal cut-off points among 1325 Guatemalan adults (44 % stunted: ≤150 cm women; ≤162 cm men).MethodsCardio-metabolic risk factors were systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥130/≥85 mmHg, glucose ≥5·5 mmol/l, TAG ≥1·7 mmol/l, ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ≥5·0, and the presence of two or more and three or more of the preceding risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used.ResultsAreas under the ROC curve were in the range of 0·59–0·77 for BMI and 0·59–0·78 for WC among men and 0·66–0·72 and 0·64–0·72 among women, respectively. Optimal cut-off points for BMI were 24·7–26·1 kg/m2 among men (24·5–26·1 kg/m2 stunted; 24·8–26·3 kg/m2 non-stunted) and 26·5–27·6 kg/m2 among women (26·3–27·8 kg/m2 stunted; 26·6–27·9 kg/m2 non-stunted). Optimal cut-off points for WC were 87·3–91·1 cm among men (85·3–89·4 cm stunted; 88·5–93·3 cm non-stunted) and 91·3–95·3 cm among women (90·9–94·4 cm stunted; 91·8–95·6 cm non-stunted).ConclusionOptimal cut-off points for BMI were slightly higher among women than men with no meaningful differences by stature. Optimal cut-off points for WC were several centimetres lower for stunted compared with non-stunted men, and both were substantially lower than the current recommendations among Western populations. Cut-off points derived from Western populations may not be appropriate for developing countries with a high prevalence of stunting.

scholarly journals Clinical evaluation of the T-SPOT.TB test for detection of tuberculosis infection in northeastern Guangdong Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006052092353
Author(s):  
Hua Zhong ◽  
Heming Wu ◽  
Zhikang Yu ◽  
Qunji Zhang ◽  
Qingyan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Area Under Roc Curve ◽  
Moderate Sensitivity

Objective We evaluated clinical performance of the T-SPOT.TB test for detecting tuberculosis (TB) infection in Meizhou, China. Methods We enrolled 2,868 patients who underwent T-SPOT.TB, smear, and TB-DNA at the same time. The tests’ sensitivity and specificity were evaluated and compared in different groups, and in pulmonary TB (PTB) and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) subgroups. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate T-SPOT.TB’s diagnostic value and determine its cutoff value. Results T-SPOT.TB, TB-DNA, and sputum smear sensitivity was 61.44%, 37.12%, and 14.02%; and specificity was 76.49%, 99.20% and 99.60%, respectively. The T-SPOT.TB positive rate was higher in the PTB and EPTB subgroups than in patients with other pulmonary diseases (61.38% and 61.76% vs. 23.34%). The T-SPOT.TB test had better diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity when the positive cutoff value of marker ESAT-6 was 2.5 [area under ROC curve = 0.701, 95%CI 0.687–0.715] and marker CFP-10 was 6.5 [area under ROC curve = 0.669, 95%CI 0.655–0.683]. Conclusion T-SPOT.TB sensitivity was higher than that of TB-DNA or sputum smear, but the specificity was lower. T-SPOT.TB had moderate sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing TB. T-SPOT.TB’s new positive cutoff value may be clinically valuable according to ROC analysis.

Usability of the lateral decubitus position on four-dimensional ultra-low-dose computed tomography for the detection of localized pleural adhesion in the pulmonary apical region

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512093061
Author(s):  
Shigetaka Sato ◽  
Yukihiro Nagatani ◽  
Masayuki Hashimoto ◽  
Norihisa Nitta ◽  
Jun Hanaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Pleural Adhesion ◽  
Area Under Roc Curve ◽  
Lateral Decubitus ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

Background Localized pleural adhesion (LPA) evaluation in the apical region is difficult even with four-dimensional ultra-low-dose computed tomography (4D-ULDCT) in the supine position due to smaller pleural movements. Purpose To assess usability of 4D-ULDCT in the lateral decubitus (LD) position for LPA detection in the apical region. Material and Methods Forty-seven patients underwent 4D-ULDCT of a single respiration cycle with 16-cm coverage of body axis in supine and LD positions with the affected lung uppermost. Intraoperative thoracoscopic findings confirmed LPA presence. A pleural point and a corresponding point on costal outer edge were placed in identical axial planes at end-inspiration. Pleuro-chest wall distance between two points (PCD) was calculated at each respiratory phase. In the affected lung, average change in amount of PCD (PCDACA) was compared between patients with and without LPA in total and two sub-groups (non-COPD and COPD, non-emphysematous and emphysematous patients) in supine and non-dependent (ND) LD positions. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine optimal thresholds in PCDACA for differentiating patients with LPA from those without. Results In COPD/emphysematous patients and total population, PCDACA with LPA was smaller than in those without in the supine and NDLD positions for overall, lateral, and dorsal regions. For the lateral region in COPD patients, area under ROC curve (AUC) increased from supine (0.64) to NDLD position (0.81). For the dorsal region in emphysematous patients, AUC increased from supine (0.76) to NDLD position (0.96). Conclusion 4D-ULDCT in LD position may be useful for LPA detection in apical regions for COPD and/or emphysematous patients.

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