scholarly journals Breakfast consumption is inversely associated with primary headaches in university students: The MEPHASOUS study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoume Mansouri ◽  
Farshad Sharifi ◽  
Azad Shokri ◽  
Mehdi Varmaghani ◽  
Hamid Yaghubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Significant Inverse Association

Abstract Background The prevalence of primary headaches has been increasing at an alarming rate, particularly in university students. Previous studies have shown that diet-related behaviors can affect neurological disorders. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the association between breakfast consumption patterns and primary headaches in a large population of university students.Methods In total, 83,677 university students, aged ≥18 years, from 28 provinces of Iran were included in the current cross-sectional study. Dietary intakes and breakfast consumption patterns were assessed using a validated self-administered dietary habits questionnaire. Primary headaches were determined according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 (ICHD-3) criteria.Results The mean age of participants was 21.50 ± 4.01. Primary headaches were prevalent among 9% of university students. A significant inverse association was seen between breakfast consumption and odds of primary headaches (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.51-0.62). This association remained significant even after taking potential confounders into account; such that students who consumed breakfast frequently had 26% lower odds of primary headaches compared with those who consumed it rarely (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.65-0.85). Moreover, such a significant inverse association was observed in female students (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.49-0.61) as well as those with normal weight (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.58-0.79). However, it became non-significant in male students and those with overweight or obesity.Conclusions We found that frequent breakfast consumption was inversely associated with the odds of primary headaches. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Physical activity and the prevalence of primary headaches among a large population of university students: The MEPHASOUS study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoume Mansouri ◽  
Farshad Sharifi ◽  
Mehdi Varmaghani ◽  
Azad Shokri ◽  
HosseinAli Rahdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
University Students ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Primary headaches have a high prevalence among university students. Lifestyle has an important role in the prevention and management of these headaches. Among lifestyle factors, data on the association between physical activity and primary headaches are scarce and conflicting.Aim: To examine the association between physical activity and primary headaches among a large population of university students.Methods: Totally, 83,463 university students from 28 provinces of Iran were included in the current cross-sectional study. Data on physical activity, dietary intakes, and demographic characteristics were collected using pre-tested questionnaires. Primary headaches were determined according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 (ICHD-3) criteria.Results: Mean age of university students was 21.50 ± 4.01, and 54.7% were female. Primary headaches were prevalent among 9% of students. A significant inverse association was seen between physical activity and primary headaches in the whole population (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.62-0.71). Such an inverse association was also observed after taking potential confounders into account; such that students who were physically active had 21% lower odds of primary headaches compared with those who were physically inactive (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.72-0.87). Also, physical activity was associated with reduced odds of primary headaches in male and female students (Males; OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.60-0.82, females; OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75-0.94) as well as those students with normal-weight (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.71-0.87), overweight, or obesity (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.96).Conclusion: Our findings support the protective association between physical activity and primary headaches.

Inverse Association Between Health Literacy and Obesity Among Children in Greece: A School-Based, Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812098294
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Kanellopoulou ◽  
Venetia Notara ◽  
George Antonogeorgos ◽  
Maria Chrissini ◽  
Andrea Paola Rojas-Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
High Level

Children’s health literacy is a crucial pillar of health. This study is aimed to examine the association between health literacy and weight status among Greek schoolchildren aged 10 to 12 years old. A population-based, cross-sectional observational study enrolling 1,728 students (795 boys), aged 10 to 12 years old, was conducted during school years 2014–2016. A health literacy index (range 0-100) was created through an item response theory hybrid model, by combining a variety of beliefs and perceptions of children about health. The mean health literacy score was 70.4 (±18.7). The majority of children (63.8%) had a “high” level (i.e., >67/100) of health literacy, 30.5% had a “medium” level (i.e., 34–66/100) of health literacy, while a small proportion of children (5.7%) had a “low” level (i.e., <33/100). Girls exhibited a higher level of health literacy than boys (71.7 ± 18.3 vs. 68.8 ± 19.1, p < .01). Regarding body weight status, 21.7% of children was overweight and 5.0% was obese. Linear regression models showed that the health literacy score was inversely associated with children’s body mass index (regression coefficient [95% CI]: −0.010 [−0.018, −0.001]), after adjusting for dietary habits, physical activity levels, and other potential confounders. Health literacy seems to be a dominant characteristic of children’s weight status; therefore, school planning, as well as public health policy actions should emphasize on the ability of children’s capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information.

Dietary habits and sedentary behaviors among health science university students in Bahrain

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman O. Musaiger ◽  
Muyssar S. Awadhalla ◽  
Mariam Al-Mannai ◽  
Muneera AlSawad ◽  
G.V. Asokan
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary patterns and sedentary behaviors among university students in Bahrain. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with students of the College of Health Sciences in Bahrain using a self-reported questionnaire. All the students enrolled in this college were included in this study (642 students; 90 males and 552 females). The mean age of the sample was 20.1±2.0 years. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect information on the students’ breakfast intake, snacking, food frequency intake, and sedentary habits. Results: More than 50% of the students did not consume breakfast on a daily basis. A statistically significant difference (p<0.003) was found between males (19%) and females (35%) in relation to the intake of an afternoon snack. There were no significant gender differences regarding frequency of food intake, except for carbonated beverages (p<0.001) and nuts (p<0.047) consumption. Females were more likely than males to spend time watching television, use the Internet, use a mobile phone and sleep; however, the only significant difference found was for Internet use (p<0.003). Being physically active on a daily basis was more prevalent among males (41.6%) than females (16%) (p<0.001). Females (42.9%) were more prone to sleep for less time (<7 h) than males (34.4%)(p<0.08). Conclusion: The findings indicated that a high percentage of health science students in Bahrain had unhealthy dietary habits and sedentary behaviors. Thus, an intervention program to promote healthy dietary patterns and lifestyle habits among university students is highly recommended.

scholarly journals A comparison of dietary habits among women in Japan and Hawaii

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumie Takata ◽  
Gertraud Maskarinec ◽  
Adrian Franke ◽  
Chisato Nagata ◽  
Hiroyuki Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk ◽  
Caucasian Women

AbstractObjective:To compare the dietary habits of Japanese women in Japan with those of Japanese and Caucasian women living in Hawaii.Design:Data from two previous cross-sectional studies conducted within two years in Hawaii and Gifu, Japan were pooled and analysed. Dietary intakes were assessed with validated food-frequency questionnaires and urine samples were collected for isoflavone measurement.Setting:Participants were recruited through mammography clinics in both locations.Subjects:In Hawaii, 164 Caucasian and 146 Japanese women; in Japan, 206 women.Results:Dietary habits differed considerably by ethnicity and location. In comparison to the Caucasian diet, the diet in Japan was relatively low in fat and high in carbohydrates and protein, whereas the Japanese women in Hawaii reported intermediate intakes. Japanese women in Gifu consumed a diet that was relatively high in fish, soy, eggs and vegetables, and low in fruits, dairy products and meat. In contrast, the Caucasian women consumed the most dairy products and fruits and the Japanese women in Hawaii reported the highest grain and meat intakes.Conclusions:The diet of Japanese women in Hawaii appeared to be a combination of foods eaten in Japan and the dietary habits of Caucasian women in Hawaii, but eating habits in Japan are also different from traditional nutritional patterns. This study illustrates several problems related to dietary comparisons across populations and provides information for future investigations on chronic disease risk.

Health awareness, lifestyle and dietary behavior of university students in the northeast part of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Mohammad ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury ◽  
Md Nazrul Islam ◽  
Arifa Ahmed ◽  
Farha Nusrat Zahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
University Students ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Dietary Behavior ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Health Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

AbstractIntroductionUniversity students generally face a variety of challenges. During this period of life, they practice some unhealthy eating patterns and lifestyles. Therefore, we aimed to assess the health awareness status of university students from the northeast part of Bangladesh and to evaluate its associated factors.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using a stratified random sampling among public and private university students from the northeast region of Bangladesh and interviewed 1143 students. We used a self-reported questionnaire, including questions related to awareness status, lifestyle practice, dietary habit and socio-demographic factors. To assess students’ health awareness status and its association with their lifestyle practices and socio-demographic factors, we used logistic regression models.ResultsThe majority (61%) of the students were not aware of better health status and their dietary habits were not adequate. Smokers [odds ratio (OR): 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44, 0.99] were less likely to be aware of better health status. The participants who thought that they were leading a healthy lifestyle were less likely (OR: 0.71; CI: 0.56, 0.92) to be aware. Moreover, frequency of participating in sports and the psychological factors related to eating behaviors were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with health awareness status.ConclusionOur study findings may help to create a foundation for possible interventional programs on health awareness and nutritional education to improve the health awareness status and dietary behavior of university students. To prevent students from poor eating habits while feeling happy, effective programs (e.g. seminars, projects and media campaigns) should be held, which may include enhancing healthy and recommended amounts of food consumption.

scholarly journals Association between maternal mortality and caesarean section in Ethiopia: a national cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayele Geleto ◽  
Catherine Chojenta ◽  
Tefera Taddele ◽  
Deborah Loxton
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
National Level ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Inverse Association

Abstract Background Several studies concluded that there is a reduction of maternal deaths with improved access to caesarean section, while other studies showed the existence of a direct association between the two variables. In Ethiopia, literature about the association between maternal mortality and caesarean section is scarce. This study was aimed to assess the association between maternal mortality ratios and caesarean section rates in hospitals in Ethiopia. Methods Analysis was done of a national maternal health dataset of 293 hospitals that accessed from the Ethiopian Public Health Institute. Hospital specific characteristics, maternal mortality ratios and caesarean section rates were described. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to determine the direction of association between maternal mortality ratios and caesarean section rate, taking regions into consideration. Presence of a linear association between these variables was declared statistically significant at p-value < 0.05. Results The overall maternal mortality ratio in Ethiopian hospitals was 149 (95% CI: 136–162) per 100,000 livebirths. There was significant regional variation in maternal mortality ratios, ranging from 74 (95% CI: 51–104) per 100,000 livebirths in Tigray region to 548 (95% CI: 251-1,037) in Afar region. The average annual caesarean section rate in hospitals was 20.3% (95% CI: 20.2–20.5). The highest caesarean section rate of 38.5% (95% CI: 38.1–38.9) was observed in Addis Ababa, while the lowest rate of 5.7% (95% CI: 5.2–6.2) occurred in Somali region. At national level, a statistically non-significant inverse association was observed between maternal mortality ratios and caesarean section rates. Similarly, unlike in other regions, there were inverse associations between maternal mortality ratios and caesarean section rates in Addis Ababa, Afar Oromia and Somali, although associations were not statistically significant. Conclusions At national level, a statistically non-significant inverse association was observed between maternal mortality ratios and caesarean section rates in hospitals, although there were regional variations. Additional studies with a stronger design should be conducted to assess the association between population-based maternal mortality ratios and caesarean section rates.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake Nutritional Status and Lifestyle of Adolescent Vegetarian and Nonvegetarian Girls in New Zealand (The SuNDiAL Project): Protocol for a Clustered, Cross-Sectional Survey

10.2196/17310 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e17310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Peddie ◽  
Chaya Ranasinghe ◽  
Tessa Scott ◽  
Anne-Louise Heath ◽  
Caroline Horwath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Anecdotally, vegetarian eating patterns seem to be increasing in parallel with growing concerns about environmental sustainability. While this pattern of eating is widely believed to be associated with benefits for the planet and individual health, it may increase the risk of inadequate intakes and nutrient deficiency if not planned carefully. Adolescent girls may be particularly at risk, as they have increased requirements for nutrients such as iron, zinc, calcium, and vitamin B12 during growth and development. Objective The objective of the SuNDiAL Project (Survey of Nutrition, Dietary Assessment, and Lifestyles) is to compare the dietary intakes and habits, nutrition status, motivations, attitudes, and physical activity of a sample of vegetarian and nonvegetarian adolescent girls in New Zealand. Methods A clustered, cross-sectional, nationwide study of adolescents aged 15-18 years was conducted. Secondary schools were recruited throughout New Zealand, and pupils (n=290) were invited to participate in data collection in either the first (February to April) or third (August to October) school term of 2019 (New Zealand schools operate on a 4-term year). Sociodemographic and health information; vegetarian status; dietary habits; and attitudes, motivations, and beliefs regarding food choices were assessed via an online self-administered questionnaire. Dietary intakes were collected via two 24-hour diet recalls on nonconsecutive days and will be adjusted for within-person variation using the Multiple Source Method, to represent usual intakes. Nutrient adequacy will be assessed by the estimated average requirement cut-point method or probability approach as appropriate. Height and weight were measured, and blood and urine samples collected for micronutrient status assessment. Participants wore an accelerometer for 7 days to assess 24-hour activity patterns (time spent asleep, sedentary, or engagement in light-intensity or moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity). Results Recruitment and data collection were conducted in 2019. Data are currently being cleaned and analyzed, with publication of the main results anticipated at the end of 2020. Conclusions The SuNDiAL Project will provide a meaningful and timely description of diet, nutrition status, and motivational factors associated with vegetarianism and identify any risks this pattern of eating may pose for female adolescents. The results of this study will support the development of targeted recommendations and interventions aimed at enhancing the health, growth, and development of adolescent girls. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619000290190; https://tinyurl.com/yaumh278 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/17310

scholarly journals Dietary macronutrient intake according to sex and trait anxiety level among non-diabetic adults: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Kose ◽  
Léopold K. Fezeu ◽  
Mathilde Touvier ◽  
Sandrine Péneau ◽  
Serge Hercberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Macronutrient Intake ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Studies suggest that anxiety is correlated with eating behavior, however, little is known about the association between anxiety status as predictor of dietary macronutrient intake. The aim of the present study was to investigate the sex-stratified cross-sectional associations of trait anxiety with intake of various macronutrients in a large population-based sample of non-diabetic adults. Methods N = 20,231 participants (mean age = 53.7 ± 13.6 years) of the NutriNet-Santé web-cohort, who had completed the trait anxiety subscale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (T-STAI; 2013–2016) were included in the analyses. Dietary intake was calculated from at least 3 self-administered 24-h dietary records. The associations of interest were assessed by multiple linear regression stratified by sex, owing to significant interaction tests. Results In total, 74.3% (n = 15,033) of the sample were females who had a significantly higher mean T-STAI score than did males (39.0 versus 34.8; p < 0.01). Among females, the fully-adjusted analyses showed significant positive associations of T-STAI with total carbohydrate intake (β = 0.04; p < 0.04), complex carbohydrate intake (β = 0.05; p < 0.02), and percentage energy from carbohydrates (β = 0.01; p < 0.03), as well as a significant inverse association of T-STAI with percentage energy from fat (β = -0.01; p < 0.05). As regards males, the only significant finding was an inverse association between T-STAI and percent of the mean daily energy from protein (fully-adjusted model: β = -0.01; p = 0.05). Conclusion This cross-sectional study found modest sex-specific associations between anxiety status and macronutrient intake among French non-diabetic adults. Prospective studies are needed to further elucidate the observed associations.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Dietary Habits among University Students in Lebanon

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. El Hajj ◽  
Sofi G. Julien
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Westernized Diet ◽  
The Mediterranean

Although the Mediterranean Diet has been acknowledged as the best overall diet for the year 2020, it has seen a decrease in its adherence over the past years. This is due to several reasons, one of which is the gradual shift to a more westernized diet with all the influences that occur especially on university students whose dietary choices set a path for future dietary habits. The aim of this study is to check the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and frequency of breakfast consumption among university students in Lebanon and check whether they are influenced by sociodemographic, anthropometric, dietary knowledge, or academic data. A cross-sectional questionnaire was electronically sent to randomly selected students (210 females and 93 males) from different universities across Lebanon, aged between 18 and 25 years old. The questionnaire was filled online, and all data were self-reported. The Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) was used as a tool to evaluate adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. The results showed that 18.8% of respondents had high adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. Students who reported always consuming breakfast and not skipping meals had significantly higher adherence to the MD. Furthermore, students with lower BMI and higher KIDMED scores had significantly more correct answers on the nutritional knowledge questions. In addition, there was a significant difference in the average KIDMED scores between different GPA categories, most notably when comparing high and poor MD adherence; students with excellent GPA scores had higher adherence to the MD than those with poor GPA scores. In conclusion, nutrition awareness in a university setting is very important since it may positively affect academic outcomes and may be the last chance to teach and engrave healthy eating patterns to a large scale of students.

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