scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Essential Oil and Fractions of Ethanolic extract of Echinops kebericho Tuber

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serawit Deyno ◽  
Derick Hope ◽  
Joel PhD Ba ◽  
Eyasu Makonnen ◽  
Paul E. Alele
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Routes Of Administration

Abstract Background: Echinops kebericho is an endemic medicinal plant in Ethiopia traditionally used for treatment of various infectious diseases through different routes of administration such as inhalation, orally chewed, and topically sprayed to affected area. This study investigated antibacterial activity of the essential oil (EO) and the different fractions of ethanolic extract of Echinops kebericho tuber.Results: MIC of EO ranged from 78.125 µg/ml – 625 µg/ml and it was most active against methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA, NCTC 12493). Ethyl acetate fraction showed better activity against MRSA (NCTC 12493), MIC = 39.075 µg/ml followed by E. faecalis (ATCC 49532), MIC = 78.125 µg/ml and was least active against K. pneumonia (ATCC 700603), MIC = 1250 µg/ml. MIC of hexane fraction ranged from 156.2- µg/ml to E. faecalis (ATCC 49532) to 1250 µg/ml to E. coli (NCTC 11954). Chloroform fraction MIC ranged from 312.5 - 2500µg/ml; while butanol fraction could be considered pharmacologically inactive as its MIC value is 2500 µg/ml for all and no activity shown for E. coli (NCTC 11954). The MIC of DMSO against all strains ranged 12.5- 25 % w/v. The MIC estimated by OD measurement correlated well with that of resazurin assay method.Conclusion: Essential oil and ethyl acetate fraction showed noteworthy antibacterial activity, and MRSA was the most susceptible strain. Further study, however, should be done to investigate the effect on the isolated active component(s).

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Echinops kebericho Mesfin Tuber Extracts and Isolation of the Most Active Compound, Dehydrocostus Lactone

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serawit Deyno ◽  
Andrew G. Mtewa ◽  
Derick Hope ◽  
Joel Bazira ◽  
Eyasu Makonnen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dehydrocostus Lactone

Echinops kebericho Mesfin is traditionally used for the treatment of various infectious diseases. This study investigated antibacterial activity of the essential oil (EO) and the different fractions of ethanol extract. The most active component was isolated and identified. Isolation and purification was accomplished using chromatographic techniques while identification was done by spectroscopic method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the broth micro-dilution method. In bioactive-guided isolation, percent inhibition was determined using optical density (OD) measurement. The MICs of the essential oil ranged from 78.125 μg/ml to 625 μg/ml, and its activity was observed against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, NCTC 12493). Ethyl acetate fraction showed high activity against MRSA (NCTC 12493), MIC = 39.075 μg/ml followed by Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 49532), MIC = 78.125 μg/ml and was least active against Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603), MIC = 1,250 μg/ml. MIC of hexane fraction ranged from 156.2 µg/ml to Escherichia coli (ATCC 49532) to 1,250 μg/ml to E. coli (NCTC 11954). The MICs of chloroform fraction ranged from 312.5 to 2500 μg/ml; while butanol fraction could be considered pharmacologically inactive as its MIC value was 2,500 μg/ml for all and no activity against E. coli (NCTC 11954). Dehydrocostus lactone was successfully isolated and identified whose MIC was 19.53 μg/ml against MRSA. Dehydrocostus lactone isolated from E. kebericho M. showed noteworthy antibacterial activity which lends support to ethnopharmacological use of the plant. Further optimization should be done to improve its antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetic profile.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ANREDERA CORDIFOLIA (TEN.) V. STEENIS LEAVES EXTRACTS AND FRACTIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Eka Leliqia ◽  
Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽  
Irda Fidrianny
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Bactericidal Activities ◽  
Layer Chromatography

  Objective: This study aims to determine antibacterial activity of Anredera cordifolia leaves extracts and fractions.Methods: Crude drug was extracted using two methods. First method was extraction by reflux using ethanol 96% and then fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Second method was gradually extraction by reflux using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol 96%, respectively. Phytochemical screening was applied to all extracts and fractions, followed by thin-layer chromatography using ursolic acid, oleanolic acid (OA), apigetrin, and rutin as reference substances. A two-fold serial microdilution method was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027), Escherichia coli (ATCC 8939), E. coli H7 (O156), and ESBL E. coli. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities were determined using minimum bactericidal concentration/MIC ratio.Results: The ethanolic extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of A. cordifolia from the first method had antibacterial activity against S. aureus, MRSA, B. subtilis, and B. cereus (MIC 256-512 μg/ml). However, n-hexane and ethyl acetate extract from the second method had broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, which could inhibit the growth of S. aureus, MRSA, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli (MIC 256-512 μg/ml). Extracts and fractions showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities, but n-hexane extract has most bactericidal activity. Furthermore, steroid/triterpenoid, ursolic, and OA were found in this extract.Conclusion: The n-hexane extract from the second method showed the highest antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OFMALACCA FRUIT (PHYLLANTUS EMBLICA L.)ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AND FRACTIONAGAINSTBACILLUS CEREUS FNCC0057 ANDSHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE ATCC13313

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Tiana Milanda ◽  
Arif Satria Wira Kusuma ◽  
Kuganesh Shanmuganathan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Dried Fruit

Diarrhea is a symptom of a disease, which is characterized by increased frequency of defecation (more than three times a day) with a more fluid of feces. In Ayurvedic medicine, the fruit of Malacca (Phyllanthus emblica L.) is often used as an antibacterial and antiviral against various infectious diseases. This study aims to determine:(i) the antibacterial  activities of ethanol extract and its fraction of Malacca fruit, and (ii) determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against diarrhea-causing bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus FNCC0057 and Shigella dysenteriae ATCC13313. The study was  conducted through several processes: (i) the determination of the plant and  preparation dried fruit, (ii) extraction of dried fruit, fractionated extract, antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract and its fractions, (iii) determination MIC and MBC from the most active fractions and (iv) phytochemical screening of fraction. The results showed that ethanol extract, water fraction and ethyl acetate  fraction of Malacca fruit has antibacterial activities against B. cereus FNCC0057 and S. dysenteriae ATCC13313, where the greatest activity was shown by the fraction of ethyl acetate. This fraction has MIC and MBC values of 0.187 - 0.375% (w/v) and and 0.09375 - 0.1875% (w/v) against B. cereus FNCC0057 and S. dysenteriae ATCC13313. The antibacterial activity of this fraction was probably derived from alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, quinone, saponin, monoterpene or sesquiterpene compounds. 

scholarly journals Wound healing activity of Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (T5) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
To Dinh Le ◽  
Nga Thi Hoang ◽  
Nhan Thi Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Thuoc Linh Tran ◽  
Thao Thi Phuong Dang
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Conyza Canadensis ◽  
Keratinocyte Proliferation ◽  
Wound Healing Activity ◽  
Stimulation Of

Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist (CCL) has been used by K’Ho minority in Bidoup Nui Ba national park, Lam Dong province, Vietnam as one of wound healing remedies. However, the scientific proof of treatment is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate this wound healing potential of CCL. CCL power was extracted by ethanol and then partitioned consecutively with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water. Wound healing potential was evaluated by antibacterial activity, stimulation of fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation. Agar-well diffusion was used in the antibacterial tests and the results showed that CCL had antibacterial activity against 02 dermatitis bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus) and 02 opportunistic infection bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis). Moreover, our results illustrated that CCL stimulated the fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation compared to the control. Particularly, the fibroblast division increased 1.6 times at 31.25 µg/mL when treated by ethanolic extract, while ethyl acetate fraction showed 1.7 times increase at 10 µg/mL in keratinocyte proliferation compared to the control. Taken together, our study contributed scientific base of CCL in the wound healing.

scholarly journals SKRINING AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI FRAKSI EKSTRAK ETANOL KERNEL BIJI BUAH LIMUS (Mangifera foetida Lour.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureusDAN Escherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Nurviana
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Tetracycline Hcl

<p class="Default"><em>Limus (Mangifera foetida Lour.) Is one of the local Indonesian fruits of the anacardiaceae family. Limus contain secondary metabolites that have pharmacological effects, including the kernel waste of the seeds of the fruit. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli on the fraction of kernel seed of limus fruits ethanolic extract in invitro using solid diffusion method with positive control Tetracycline HCl. The extraction process was carried out by maceration method, then fractionation was obtained to obtain the fraction of n-hexane, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction. Based on the result of the research, the fraction of n-hexane, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction of kernel ethanol extract limus fruit seed have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The highest activity was shown by fraction of ethyl acetate with minimum killing concentration (KBM) to Staphylococcus aureus was 5% with diameter equal to 4,33 ± 1.17 mm equal to 30,27 μg / mL Tetracycline HCl, and KBM value to Escherichia coli.4% (7.60 ± 0.14) mm equivalent to 26, 04 μg / mL Tetracycline HCl.<br /> <br /> <strong></strong></em></p><p class="Default"><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Kernel, M. foetida.</em></p>

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SEEDPOD AND QUERCETIN OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA GAERTN

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Ruvanthika Pn ◽  
Manikandan S
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
E Coli ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether ethanolic extracts of Nelumbo nucifera (EENN) seedpod and quercetin (active component of NN) possess antibacterial proprieties against Gram (-) bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram (+) bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Antibacterial activities of EENN seedpod and quercetin were investigated using disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration against E. coli and P. aeruginosa and Gram (+) bacteria such as S. aureus. Results: The antibacterial activity of both EENN seedpod and quercetin was found to be increased in dose-dependent manner. The maximum zone of inhibition was exhibited by both EENN seedpod and quercetin against E. coli (14 mm and 15 mm) and P. aeruginosa (13 mm and 15 mm). Gram-negative bacteria were more susceptible to the EENN seedpod extract and quercetin than Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that the effect of EENN seedpod and quercetin against the tested bacteria in vitro may contribute to the in vivo activities of the EENN seedpod and quercetin.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ROBUSTA COFFEE (COFFEA CANEPHORA L.) LEAVES TO STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-115
Author(s):  
ZAMHARIRA MUSLIM ◽  
YONANIKO DEPHINTO
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Robusta Coffee

Objective: This research aims to analyze the ability of robusta coffee leaves fraction extract to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and also determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Methods: Antibacterial activity evaluated by the disc diffusion method observed in four types of fraction of extract robusta coffee leaves (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water). Each extract divided into three various concentrations, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Determination of antimicrobial activity in vitro by the disk diffusion method. Results: Ethyl acetate fraction of coffee leaves extract produced the largest diameter zone of inhibition of bacterial growth compared to other extraction fractions of 17.28 mm in E. coli and 18.58 mm in S. aureus. The MIC of coffee leaves extract fraction water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane on E. coli and S. aureus is 5%, while the fraction ethanol MIC is 10%. Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of ethyl acetate fraction of coffee leaves extract showed an antibacterial effect that was better than the fraction of n-hexane, ethanol, and water.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activities of Tamarix dioica Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Saddam Hussain Bughio
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of phytochemical analysis and the antibacterial activity of extracts of stem, flowers and leaves of Tamarix dioica Roxb. ex Roth. Four solvents namely, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and acetone were selected to obtain extracts from different parts of the plant. The organic solvent extracts were investigated for phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity against two bacterial strains, namely Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The result of phytochemicals revealed the presence of various constituents, such as phlobatannins, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, phenols, proteins, terpenoids, flavonoids and steroids by using standard procedures. Most of these components were present in methanol and ethyl acetate extract. Therefore, four out of two extracts, such as methanol and ethyl acetate extracts from stems, flowers, and leaves, were used to test their evidence of antibacterial activity. From this, it was observed that the methanol extracts of stem, flowers and leaves of T. dioica were highly effective together with E. coli and S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 500 μg/mL. Considering that the ethyl acetate (EA) extracts from the stem, flowers and leaves of T. dioica were examined to be ineffective against E. coli and S. aureus and MIC values were not observed in two strains of bacteria.

scholarly journals Actividad antibacteriana in vitro de Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) frente a bacterias nosocomiales en Montería, Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Méndez Álvarez ◽  
Alberto Angulo Ortíz ◽  
Orfa Contreras Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Future Research ◽  
E Coli

Bacterial resistance is a growing health problem worldwide that has serious economic and social impacts, compromising public health, and the therapeutic action of current antibiotics. Therefore, the search for new compounds with antimicrobial properties is relevant in modern studies, particularly against bacteria of clinical interest. In the present study, in vitro antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract and essential oil of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) was evaluated against nosocomial bacteria, using the microdilution method. Escherichia coli strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus sp. were used, Salmonella sp. and Bacillus sp., isolated from nosocomial infections in a hospital in the city of Monteria and reference strains of S. aureus ATCC 43300, S. aureus ATCC 29213, S. aureus ATCC 25923, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, E. coli ATCC 25922 and K. pneumonia ATCC 700603. The ethanol extract antibacterial profile was more efficient at higher concentrations (1 000 ppm), obtaining significant percentages of reduction of more than 50 % against K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603 and a clinical isolate of E. coli; while compared to Bacillus clinical isolate, was more active than the essential oil. For the rest of microorganisms, the reduction percentages obtained at a concentration of 1 000 ppm varied between 17 and 42 % with ethanolic extract, and 8 to 43 % with essential oil. At concentrations of 100 and 500 ppm antibacterial activity of the extracts was lower. The results indicated that the ethanolic extract and essential oil of C. longa rhizomes have active compounds with antibacterial properties that could be used in future research as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of infections caused by nosocomial pathogens.

Bactericidal activity of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh against Gram-positive and Gram-negative biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilushi Indika Bamunuarachchi ◽  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Young-Mog Kim
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Aim: To study the bactericidal activity of crude ethanolic extract and fractionations obtained from Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh (brown algae) towards Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacteria. Background: The increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the hospital and community settings lead to the discovery of alternative strategies. Marine organisms are considered as one of the potential sources of the diverse bioactive molecules against several biological activities. Hence, the algae especially the marine brown algae were selected to evaluate its antibacterial activities towards biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacteria. Objective: To restrain the drug-resistant ability of pathogenic bacteria, we have checked the extract of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh (Phyophyceae) for the concerned bioactive compounds. Methods: Antibacterial activity towards both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was evaluated using disk diffusion and broth microdilution assays. Furthermore, the active compound present in the extracts were also identified using gaschromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Results: A total of 21 bioactive compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis with different chemical natures. The crude ethanolic extraction was fractionated sequentially according to the eluotropic series from less to extreme polar. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded for ethanolic extract on Listeria monocytogenes with a value of 38.00±0.17 mm and the lowest was 10.67±0.06 mm for ethyl acetate fraction on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ethyl acetate fractionate showed a higher effectivity than other fractionations. 256 µg/mL MIC value was recorded against Staphylococcus aureus and L. monocytogenes and 512 µg/mL against Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa. Its ethanolic extract also showed synergism with oxytetracycline on S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and E. coli. Furthermore, the same extracts also showed synergism with tetracycline on E. coli and with erythromycin on P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: The present study reports the antibacterial activity of the S. aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh extracts against human pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, it also predicts the synergistic activity of selected antibiotic combinations against both selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

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