scholarly journals Asymmetric Determinants of CO2 Emissions in China: Do Government Size and Country Size Matter?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Lan ◽  
Chengping Cheng ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab Sohail
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Government Size ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Country Size ◽  
Nonlinear Ardl ◽  
Positive Shock ◽  
Size Matter

Abstract CO2 emission reduction is a long-term strategy for China to promote its government and country size. However, this study examines the asymmetric impact of government size and country size on CO2 emissions in China. The study embraces the nonlinear ARDL framework of time series data analysis as proposed by Shin et al. (2014), which disentangles the positive and negative shocks to government size and country size. We find that the response of CO2 emissions to government size and country size positive shocks differs from the negative shocks. Empirical outcomes revealed that a positive shock of government size exerts an insignificant positive on CO2 emissions, while a negative shock of government size reduces CO2 emissions. More specifically, a positive shock of country size mitigates the CO2 emissions of China in long run. Policymakers should redesign the energy and environment policies in the framework of government size and country size.

scholarly journals Fiscal Decentralization, Institutional Quality, and Government Size: An Asymmetry Analysis for Asian Economies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Sohail ◽  
Sana Ullah ◽  
Ilhan Ozturk ◽  
Attiya Yasmin Javid
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Government Size ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Positive Shock ◽  
Negative Shock

Abstract The aim of this study is to examine the asymmetric effects of fiscal decentralization and institutional quality on government size by employing asymmetric autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) methodology by using the time series data of Asain economies from 1984 to 2017. The results show that positive shocks in expenditures decentralization (ED) enhance government size in Japan, Kazakhstan, Thailand, Turkey, and reduces it in Korea, Rep. in long run. While negative shock in ED reduces government size in Pakistan, Thailand, Turkey and increases it in Kazakhstan and Mongolia in long run. Whereas asymmetric results in the long show that a positive shock in revenue decentralization (RD) increase government size in Pakistan, Japan, Kazakhstan, Thailand, and Turkey, and a negative shock in RD is also decreased government size in Pakistan, Mongolia, Thailand, and Turkey. The results also disclosed that positive shock in institutional quality (IQ) increases government size in Azerbaijan, Japan, Thailand and negative shock in IQ also increases government size in Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Japan, Kazakhstan, Thailand, in the long run. While short-run asymmetric results of fiscal decentralization and institutional quality on government size have robust in the public sector. Based on the empirical outcomes, some economic policy implications are proposed for the provincial and federal governments of Asain economies.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Relationship between Economic Growth and Government Size

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atrayee Ghosh Roy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Government Size ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Government Consumption

The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between government size and economic growth in the United States using time-series data over the period 1950–2007. In particular, this paper examines the effects of two key components of government expenditure, namely, government consumption and government investment, on US economic growth. A simultaneous-equation model is used to deal with the problem of bi-directional relationship between government size and economic growth. The results suggest that an increase in government consumption slows economic growth, while a rise in government investment enhances economic growth. Furthermore, the results also show that government investment crowds out private investment. Therefore, the overall effect of total government expenditure on economic growth is ambiguous.

Investigating the Causal Linkage Among Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Thailand: An Application of the Wavelet Coherence Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo ◽  
Gbenga Daniel Akinsola
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Wavelet Coherence ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Growth Energy

The study aims to explore the causal linkage between CO2 emissions, economic growth and energy consumption in Thailand utilizing the wavelet coherence approach, conventional Granger and the Toda-Yamamoto causality techniques. In this study, In this study, time-series data spanning the period between 1971 and 2018 were used. No prior study has used the wavelet coherence approach to collect information on the association and causal interrelationship among these economic variables at different frequencies and timeframes in Thailand. The study objectives are structured to answer the following question: Does economic growth and energy consumption lead to CO2 emissions in Thailand?. The findings revealed that: (a) Changes in economic growth led to changes in CO2 emissions in Thailand at different frequencies (different scales) between 1971 and 2018. (b) A bidirectional causal relationship between CO2 emissions and energy consumption. (c) A positive correlation between CO2 emissions and energy usage in the short and long-run between 1971 and 2018. (d) A positive correlation between GDP growth and CO2 emissions in the short and long-run between 1971 and 2018. The study suggested that Thailand should initiate stronger policies towards enhancing the efficiency of energy and energy-usage programs to minimize unnecessary energy waste.

scholarly journals A Dynamic Linkage between Financial Development, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from an Asymmetric and Nonlinear ARDL Model

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5006
Author(s):  
Imran Khan ◽  
Faheem Ur Rehman ◽  
Paula Pypłacz ◽  
Muhammad Asif Khan ◽  
Agnieszka Wiśniewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Nonlinear Ardl ◽  
Nonlinear Ardl Model

Developing countries, including Pakistan, need a considerable effort to withstand economic growth; however, these countries have to cope with greenhouse gases emission and other environmental concerns. Financial advancement gives rise to modern, sometimes even innovative and energy-efficient technologies and, thus, contributes to a decline in energy usage among market entities: organizations and households. The current study explores the nonlinear asymmetric relationship between economic growth (Y) and the selected exogenous variables in Pakistan by incorporating time series data spanning from 1971 to 2016. Economic growth was considered as a target variable, while energy consumption (EC), electric power consumption (EPC), financial development (FD), and energy imports (EM) were considered independent variables. To investigate cointegration among the given variables, a nonlinear ARDL bound testing approach was employed. BDS independence test was used to check the nonlinearity, and a structural break unit root test was used for testing data stationarity. The findings confirm the presence of co-integration in the selected variables. A symmetric unidirectional significant causality exists running from EPC to Y, while a bidirectional symmetric causality was found between FD and Y. In contrast, any negative shocks in EPC, FD, and EM were found to have a positive asymmetric effect on Y. Meanwhile, a neutral effect was found between EC and Y. The outcomes of this study can provide guidelines for future researchers and policymakers.

Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between Energy Consumption, CO2 Emissions and Economic Growth in Tunisia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Essaber Jouini ◽  
Etidel Labidi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Long Run

This paper examines the long run and causal relationship issues between economic growth, energy consumption and carbon emissions by using vector error correction model for the case of Tunisia within 1970-2010. Empirical results using time series data suggest an evidence of a long-run relationship between the variables at 5% significance level in Tunisia. A Granger causality analysis is conducted amongst the variables. The overall results indicate bidirectional causality between energy consumption and CO2 emissions and a unidirectional causality running from pollutant emissions to economic growth. But there is no direct relation between energy consumption and economic growth. Thus, our results reveal that in short term energy conservation policies, such as rationing energy consumption have no effect on the real output growth of Tunisia.

scholarly journals The relationship between energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kamran Khan ◽  
Muhammad Imran Khan ◽  
Muhammad Rehan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Energy Sources

AbstractDeveloping countries are facing the problem of environmental degradation. Environmental degradation is caused by the use of non-renewable energy consumptions for economic growth but the consequences of environmental degradation cannot be ignored. This primary purpose of this study is to investigate the nexus between energy consumption, economic growth and CO2 emission in Pakistan by using annual time series data from 1965 to 2015. The estimated results of ARDL indicate that energy consumption and economic growth increase the CO2 emissions in Pakistan both in short run and long run. Based on the estimated results it is recommended that policy maker in Pakistan should adopt and promote such renewable energy sources that will help to meet the increased demand for energy by replacing old traditional energy sources such as coal, gas, and oil. Renewable energy sources are reusable that can reduce the CO2 emissions and also ensure sustainable economic development of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Pakistan management of green transportation and environmental pollution: a nonlinear ARDL analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tayyab Sohail ◽  
Sana Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Majeed ◽  
Ahmed Usman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Nonlinear Modeling ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Railway Transportation ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Railway Passenger ◽  
Positive Shock

AbstractModern advances in nonlinear modeling have exposed that nonlinear models yield more robust results compared with linear models. Research on the effect of air-railway transportation on environmental pollution has now arrived into a new way of asymmetry analysis and captured the real issue among the nexus. This study aims to inspect the asymmetric impact of air-railway transportation on environmental pollution in Pakistan by using annual time series data from 1991 to 2019. The findings show that positive shock in air passenger carried and railway passenger carried increases carbon emissions, which implies that 1% increase in air passenger carried (railway passenger carried) enhances environmental pollution by 0.21% (0.32%) in long run in Pakistan. While positive shock in railway passengers carried increases environmental pollution and negative shock in railway passengers carried decreases the environmental pollution in the short run. The outcomes have also confirmed the short- and long-run asymmetries in Wald statistics. The findings are country-specific and it would be regionally specific.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between CO2 Emissions and Gross Capital Formation in Turkey and Kuwait

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
Elma Satrovic ◽  
Adnan Muslija ◽  
Sadeq J. Abul
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Annual Time Series ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to explore the potential link between gross capital formation and CO2 emissions by using the Toda and Yamamoto approach. The annual time-series data were collected for the period 1971-2014. Due to the fact that Kuwait aims to become a major trading hub by 2035, it has made significant efforts to improve the infrastructure. Moreover, Turkey is also making strong efforts to improve the manufacturing sector as well as infrastructure, and represents an important trading hub that links Europe with the Middle East. Thus, Turkey and Kuwait are expected to strengthen their economic ties and expand trade, which was the motivation for comparing the link of interest in these two countries. The study’s findings confirm the bidirectional links between all of the variables of interest not only in the case of Turkey but also in the case of Kuwait, suggesting some important policy implications.

scholarly journals The Impact of CO2 Emissions on the GDP per Capita, Employment Rate and Energy Consumption of China, Korea and Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 315-333
Author(s):  
Allieah A. Mendoza ◽  
Kirby Duane Garret T. Reyes ◽  
Pauline Antonette D. Soriano ◽  
Ronaldo Cabauatan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between CO2 Emissions and GDP per capita of three East Asian countries (China, Japan, and South Korea). The Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis and its possible implications to the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol Agreement will be tested. The independent variables Employment and Energy consumption will be used as control variables. Multiple regression analysis and cointegration tests will be used on time series data of Japan, Korea, and China that is obtained from the World Bank database. GDP per capita is measured in constant 2010 US$, CO2 emission in kt, Employment in the ratio of total employment to total population aged 15 and above, and Energy Consumption in annual kWh per capita.

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