Factors associated with self-rated health among mineworkers in Zambia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background This study aims to examine miners’ working conditions and self-rated health status in copper mines in Zambia and to identify conditions and factors necessary to improve the safety and health of mineworkers. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was conducted anonymously among copper mineworkers in Zambia in 2015 and 2016. Results In total, 285 of 330 responses were analyzed. Regular employees had better working conditions, including higher incomes (t-test, P = 0.011), guaranteed paid holidays (chi-square test, P = 0.045), health check-ups (chi-square test, P = 0.023) and sickness insurance (chi-square test, P < 0.001), than contract employees. Mineworkers’ increased self-rated health was determined by an educational status of having completed secondary school (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.406; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.072, 10.822; P = 0.038). Moreover, job category, such as working underground (AOR: 0.338; 95% CI: 0.173, 0.663; P = 0.002), and having experienced violence (AOR: 0.472; 95% CI: 0.035, 0.948; P = 0.035) were negatively associated with good self-rated health in the logistic regression analysis, regardless of employment status. Conclusions Among mineworkers in Zambia, non-underground work and not having experienced violence from their boss contributed to increased self-rated health. From the perspective of psychological safety and human security, the management of safety and the working environment, including human resource management and preventing harassment/violence, should be assured, especially for underground mineworkers.

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Factors associated with self-rated health among mineworkers in Zambia: a cross-sectional study

Tropical Medicine and Health ◽

10.1186/s41182-021-00300-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mayumi Ohnishi ◽

Backsion Tembo ◽

Rieko Nakao ◽

Emi Matsuura ◽

Wakako Fujita

Keyword(s):

Working Conditions ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Safety Management ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Working Environment ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Crude Odds Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Rated Health

Abstract Background This study aims to examine miners’ working conditions and self-rated health status in copper mines in Zambia and to identify the conditions and factors necessary to improve the safety and health of mineworkers. Methods A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted anonymously among copper mineworkers in Zambia in 2015 and 2016. Five targeted mining companies among 33 were introduced by the Mineworkers’ Union of Zambia. Study participants were recruited at the waiting space for underground work, waiting rooms of company clinics/hospitals, and/or at training sessions, which were places permitted by the target companies to perform data collection via convenience sampling. Bivariate analyses (e.g., t tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, chi-square tests, or Cochran-Armitage tests) and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze differences in demographic characteristics and to compare their working conditions, health conditions, safety management at the workplace, and training opportunities by employment status. Results In total, 338 responses were analyzed. Regular employees had better working conditions, including higher incomes (P = 0.001), more likely to be guaranteed sickness insurance by the company (P < 0.001), paid holidays (P = 0.094), and sick leave (P = 0.064), although the difference was not statistically significant. Mineworkers’ decreased self-rated health was determined by job category (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21, 0.82; P = 0.012). Having experienced violence from the boss/manager (AOR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32, 0.91; P = 0.020) was negatively associated with better self-rated health in the crude odds ratio. Conclusions Among mineworkers in Zambia, nonunderground work and not having experienced violence from their boss/manager contributed to increased self-rated health. From the perspective of psychological safety and human security, the management of safety and the working environment, including human resource management and preventing harassment/violence, should be assured, especially for underground mineworkers.

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Hypertension and Associated Demographic Factors among Chepang Adults in Nepal

Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3126/jmcjms.v8i2.33974 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 25-31

Author(s):

Kshitiz Upadhyay Dhungel ◽

Agya K.C.

Keyword(s):

Dietary Diversity ◽

Data Entry ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Indigenous Ethnic Group ◽

Chi Square Test

Background and Objectives: Hypertension is one of the leading health problems globally. In developing countries like Nepal, the prevalence of hypertension is increasing yearly. This study aims to find the prevalence of hypertension and associated demographic factors among Chepang people, an indigenous ethnic group also known as one of the isolated tribal groups of Nepal. Material and Methods: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study performed in total of 324 respondent living in chepang community of Majbang-09 of Kalika Municipality. Semi structured questionnaire including socio-demographic, anthropometric measurement, 24 hour diet recall, and food frequency to explore dietary diversity information. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS 20. Chi-Square test was used to measure the association between variables and was considered significant at p <0.05. Results: According to the study the 35.5% of the respondent were hypertensive and 50.3% of were pre-hypertensive. More than half of the respondent (58.3%) had normal BMI followed by (26.9%) of the respondent were overweight, (9.0%) of the respondent were under nutrition and (5.9%) of the respondent were obese. Among the respondent who had hypertension (60.7%) were above 60 years and the lowest (21.3%) were below 40 years. Conclusion: The socio demographic variables like age, sex, educational status, annual income and marital status were found to be significantly associated with hypertension.

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Assessment of Awareness of Health Rights among patients Coming to OPD of Services Hospital, Lahore

10.53350/pjmhs211581983 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1983-1987

Author(s):

Marium Munir ◽

Rabiah Mahwish ◽

Maria Nasir ◽

Muhammad Ahsan ◽

Maryam Malik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Professional Status ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patients Rights ◽

Qualitative Variables ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Right ◽

Health Rights

Background: Patients’ rights are the basic human rights and essential part of modern healthcare practice. The interaction between the patients and doctors is governed by the rights of the patients. Thus every patient has the right to be informed about their health rights. Aim: To assess the patients’ awareness of their rights in outdoor patients of Services Hospital, Lahore according to Patients’ rights charter (PRC) by Punjab Healthcare Commission. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done. The research sample of 200 outdoor patients was specified. Data was collected by interviewing the patients and questionnaire according to patients’ rights charter by Punjab Healthcare Commission was filled. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. For quantitative variable mean and standard deviation was calculated and for qualitative variables Chi-square test was applied. Results: Out of 200 patients, 173(86.50%) patients were not aware of the Patients’ rights charter. Media was the major source of awareness of patients’ rights for 111(55.50%) patients. Maximum awareness was about the right to be treated with empathy, respect and nobility irrespective of any discrimination, 188(94%) were aware of this right. While the least awareness was about the right to be made full aware of full identity and professional status of healthcare provider, only 106(53%) were aware about this right. A statistically significant relation (P≤0.05) was found between awareness of patients and their gender, educational status, occupation and average income/month. Conclusion: Overall awareness of patients of their rights was unsatisfactory. Patients should be educated about their basic health rights and how they must be treated in hospitals. Keywords: Patients’ rights, Punjab Healthcare Commission Charter.

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Knowledge and Preventive Practices about Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection among Nursing Staffs and Paramedics in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jafmc.v16i1.53833 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 54-57

Author(s):

Md Abdul Hamid ◽

Mohammed Ali Chowdhury ◽

Saleh Mohammad Shahedul Islam

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Preventive Practices ◽

Chi Square Test

Introduction: Hepatitis B and C virus infections are important but mostly neglected public health problem in Bangladesh, although a large number of people are suffering from that illness. It is one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the country today. Aim: To assess the level of knowledge and preventive practices regarding hepatitis B and C and to compare between the nursing staffs and paramedics in CMH, Dhaka. Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among 141 respondents; 60 nurses and 81 paramedics in CMH, Dhaka from July 2018 to December 2018. All the respondents were interviewed through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20. Chi-square test was used to see the level of significance. Results: In this study, 57.4% paramedics had HSC or equivalent educational status, on the other hand among nursing staffs 39.0% had graduate or equivalent and 3.5% had masters or equivalent educational level. Knowledge and preventive practices about hepatitis B and C of nursing staffs was significantly (p<0.05) higher than paramedics. Preventive practice was significantly (p<0.05) associated with status of knowledge. Conclusion: Overall knowledge and preventive practices were found to be acceptable in this study. Most of the nursing staffs and paramedics were at risk of hepatitis B & C. So, appropriate measures needed for further improvement of preventive practices by nursing staffs and especially paramedics. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 1 (June) 2020: 54-57

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IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi ◽

10.33394/bjib.v7i2.2371 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 115

Author(s):

Dini Yuliansari

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Well Water ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Variable ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Dug Wells ◽

Dug Well ◽

The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

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Socio-Demographic Factors and Health-Related Behaviors Associated with Gerontology

GIS Business ◽

10.26643/gis.v14i6.11943 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 359-370

Author(s):

Dr. Ravi S. Dalawai

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Work Culture ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Social ◽

Health Related ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Current Scenario ◽

Socio Demographic Factors ◽

Insight Into

Indian population is in growing trend from 942.2 million in 1994 to 1.36 billion in 2019.Among this six per cent of India's population was of the age 65 and above (UNFPA, 2019). Today the work culture is totally changed. Both husband and wife are forced to work in the current scenario and unable to take care of their parents. The changing structure created increased problems for old age people leads to loneliness, psychological, physical health and financial insecurity. The study paper provides insight into the social and demographic factor and health related sickness of the oldest people. This research explained the cross-sectional study included a representative sample (n=116) of adults aged ≥60 years. The sample was chosen using a four-stage stratified random-cluster survey sampling method .The Chi Square test and ANOVA test was analyzed using SPSS20.

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Prevalence of Childhood Obesity In Northeastern Ontario: A Cross-sectional Study

Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research ◽

10.3148/67.3.2006.143 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 143-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Foyez Haque ◽

Alberto G. de la Rocha ◽

Betty Ann Horbul ◽

Patricia Desroches ◽

Craig Orrell

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Program Planning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Northern Ontario ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Chi Square Test

Purpose: In Canada, the incidence of childhood obesity has tripled within the past 20 years. The prevalence of obesity in the Timmins, Ontario, student population was studied to gain knowledge for program planning and resource allocation, and to compare Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria with Cole’s international criteria for childhood obesity. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of 801 students were taken. Students were chosen from randomly selected schools for each grade. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, and ethnicity. Data were also compared with other studies. Intragroup comparisons were performed using hypothesis testing for significance with the z table and chi-square test. Results: Overweight and obesity prevalence was 28% according to CDC criteria. No statistical difference was found between genders or among ethnic groups, or between this study and other Canadian studies. In comparison with the CDC criteria, Cole’s international criteria indicated less obesity and increased overweight prevalence. These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that in the northern Ontario community of Timmins, the prevalence of childhood obesity is of epidemic proportions. When the findings are shared with different agencies, this study will help the health unit to take necessary public health measures to curb the epidemic.

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Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry ◽

10.36283/pjmd9-1/023 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dur-e- Nishat

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Family Medicine ◽

Medical Profession ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

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Breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Panchayat in Pathanamthitta District

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v3i01.11637 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Aswathy S. ◽

Lakshmi M. K.

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Breastfeeding Practices ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Type Of Delivery ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

The study was aimed to assess the breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Gramapanchayat in Kerala. Study was a community based cross-sectional study among mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat using a pretested questionnaire. 142 breastfeeding mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat were studied and mothers who were not present at home during the study were excluded from the study. Study period consisted of 18 days between December 2015 and January 2016. Study variables includes type of delivery, initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding practices and role of ASHAs in promoting good breastfeeding practices. Statistical analysis was done using Pearson’s Chi-square test and T test. The study found that exclusive breastfeeding has been done by 68.3% of mothers. There is no practice of giving pre-lacteal feed, 95.8% of mothers have given colostrum to the new born. Statistically significant association was found between the type of delivery and time of initiation of breastfeeding (p less than 0.05). Time of initiation of breastfeeding was prolonged in case of Caesarean section. 49.3% of mothers have breastfed the baby within one hour. 55.6% of mothers were informed about importance of breastfeeding by ASHAs and only 20.4% of mothers were informed about period of exclusive breastfeeding and period of complimentary feeding by ASHAs.

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Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kinerja Tenaga Kesehatan Di Rawat INAP RSUD Batusangkar

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v3i3.3005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 440

Author(s):

Sri Handayani ◽

Puteri Fannya ◽

Putri Nazofah

Keyword(s):

Health Personnel ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Philippines ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Master Level

Based on data from the Indonesia Ministry of Health in 2015, In Indonesia, new professional nurses were just 2% of the total nurses. This figure was much lower than the Philippines which has reached 40% with bachelor and master level as their education. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between age, and leadership with the performance of health personnel. The design of this research was analytical research with Cross Sectional Study. The population in this study was all nurses and doctors who served in the internal room, children, surgery and midwifery. Sampling using total sampling by questionnaires. The data was processed by univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-square test. The result showed that 57,8% nurses had poor performance, 56,3% doctors had poor performance, 64,4% nurses had average age 26-35 years, 56,2% doctors had average age 36-45 years, 64.4% nurses have poor leadership, and 50.0% of doctors have less good leadership. There is a relationship between age and leadership with the performance of health personnel. Berdasarkan data kemenkes RI tahun 2015 jumlah tenaga kesehatan terbanyak yaitu perawat sebanyak 147.264 orang (45,65%). Di Indonesia, perawat profesional baru mencapai 2% dari total perawat yang ada. Angka ini jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan Filipina yang sudah mencapai 40% dengan pendidikan strata satu dan dua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur, kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain penelitian analitik dengan Cross Sectional Study. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua perawat dan dokter. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan Total Sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Data diolah dengan analisis univariat menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 57,8% perawat memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 56,3% dokter memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 64,4% perawat memiliki umur rata-rata 26-35 tahun 64,4%, 56,2% dokter memiliki umur rata-rata 36-45 tahun, 64,4% perawat memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik, 50,0% dokter memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik. Terdapat hubungan antara umur dan kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan.

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