scholarly journals Effects of low concentration of proanthocyanidins and oxidation conditions on myofibrillar protein in chicken breast muscle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyuan Li ◽  
Zhuoqi Zheng ◽  
Songyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Myofibrillar Protein ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
The Stability

Abstract In this study, the effect of low concentration of proanthocyanidins (extracted from grape seeds) on the gel properties of chicken breast myofibrillar protein was studied. The addition of proanthocyanidins could strengthen the spatial structure of myofibrillar proteins and slow down the gel oxidation. The threshold value of the addition amount of proanthocyanidins refers to the threshold value of NaNO2, a commonly used food additive in meat products, closer to the actual production and application. In the threshold range, low concentration of proanthocyanidins had more stable water retention and slower structural decay. High concentration of proanthocyanidins’ gel (PG) had better stability in the first ten days, but a rapid decline occurred after 10 days. Raman microscope showed that the gel formed after adding proanthocyanidins had more compact spatial structure and smaller pore size, which was more conducive to maintaining water content. In this experiment, when the amount of proanthocyanidins exceeded the national standard threshold, the spatial structure of the gel was destroyed, and the data were disordered. Proanthocyanidins extracted from grape seeds (PFGS) could be appropriately added within the national standard threshold, which was beneficial to the stability, oxidation resistance and texture of the gel. Therefore, improving the stability of protein gel systems was important for the design and development of novel food products.

EXPERIMENTS ON DENSITY AND TURBIDITY CURRENTS: III. DEPOSITION OF SEDIMENT

1967 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard V. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Settling Velocity ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Turbidity Currents ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Lateral Size ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Median Diameter

Turbidity currents were formed by releasing suspensions of plastic beads (density 1.52, median diameter 0.18 mm) from a lock into a horizontal water-filled flume. Graded beds were formed; the mechanism of deposition was studied by motion photography and the size grading by 150 size analyses.Deposition of sediment took place behind the head even at a time when there was no deceleration of the head: the greater part of the thickness of the bed was deposited during a period of rapid decline in velocity of flow within the body of the current. The mechanism of deposition and the type of grading differed for beds deposited from suspensions with concentrations less than and greater than about 30% by volume. Low concentration suspensions formed 'distribution grading' in which all percentiles showed vertical grading and at least the coarser half of the distribution showed lateral size decrease away from the gate. High concentration suspensions formed 'coarse-tail grading' in which there was almost no lateral size variation and the vertical grading was shown only by the coarsest few percentiles (except at the top of the bed).In high concentration flows the bed did not accumulate layer by layer, as it did in low concentration flows, but was deposited first as an expanded 'quick' layer, which was deformed by shearing and waves produced by the entrained water flowing over the still plastic bed.In both types of graded beds the sorting coefficient (standard deviation of the logarithm of the settling velocity) decreased upward within the bed, and to a lesser extent also laterally away from the gate. The skewness reached a maximum near the center of the bed and became negative at the top.

scholarly journals THE STABILITY OF BACTERIAL SUSPENSIONS

1922 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Northrop ◽  
Paul H. De Kruif
Keyword(s):  
Salt Solution ◽  
Cohesive Force ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Critical Potential ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
The Stability

1. Measurements have been made of the potential and of the cohesive force at the surface of Bacillus typhosus and the bacillus of rabbit septicemia in solutions of various salts and acids. 2. Electrolytes in low concentration (0.01 N) affect primarily the potential, and in high concentration decrease the cohesive force. 3. As long as the cohesive force is not affected, agglutination occurs whenever the potential is reduced below about 15 millivolts. 4. When the cohesive force is decreased the critical potential is also decreased, and in concentrated salt solution no agglutination occurs even though there is no measurable potential.

Study on Switch from High-concentration to Low-concentration Tacalcitol during Concomitant Use of Bath-PUVA Therapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-664
Author(s):  
Maki IWAKIRI ◽  
Noriko YASAKA ◽  
Kotaro ITO ◽  
Yuichi YOSHIDA ◽  
Yumiko KUBOTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puva Therapy ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration

ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN COCONUT WATER

1970 ◽  
pp. 07-10
Author(s):  
MdDidarul Islam, Ashiqur Rahaman, Aboni Afrose
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Wet Ashing ◽  
Aas Method

This study was based on determining concentration of essential and toxic heavy metal in coconut water available at a local Hazaribagh area in Dhaka, Bangladesh. All essential minerals, if present in the drinking water at high concentration or very low concentration, it has negative actions. In this study, fifteen samples and eight heavy metals were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) method which was followed by wet ashing digestion method. The concentration obtained in mg/l were in the range of 0.3 to 1.5, 7.77 to 21.2, 0 to 0.71, 0 to 0.9, 0 to 0.2, 0.9 to 17.3, 0.1 to 0.9, 0 to 0.9 and 0 to 0.7 for Fe, Ni, Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn, Pb and Se respectively. From this data it was concluded that any toxic heavy metals like Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni exceed their toxicity level and some essential nutrients were in low concentration in those samples. 

Assessment of micro and macro nutrients in poultry feeds available in Dhaka city, Bangladesh.

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Md Didarul Islam ◽  
Ashiqur Rahaman ◽  
Fahmida Jannat
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Macro Nutrients

This study was based on to determine the concentration of macro and micro nutrients as well as toxic and nontoxic heavy metals present in the chicken feed available in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. All macro nutrients, if present in the feed at high concentration have some adverse effect, at the same time if this nutrient present in the feed at low concentration this have some adverse effect too. So that this nutrient level should be maintained at a marginal level. On the other side toxic heavy metals if present in the feed at very low concentration those can contaminate the total environment of the ecosystem. In this study six brand samples (starter, grower, finisher and layer) which was collected from different renowned chicken feed formulation industry in Bangladesh. Those samples were prepared for analysis by wet ashing and then metals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. It was found that 27.7 to 68.4, 57.3 to 121.9, 0.21 to 4.1, 0.32 to 2.1, 0.11 to 1.58, 0.28 to 2.11 and 0.28 to 1.78 for zinc, iron, copper, mercury, cadmium, nickel and cobalt respectively. It was found that essential macro and micro nutrients were present in the feed in low concentration on the other side mercury was present in high concentration in the feed samples.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Biobased Phloretin Analogues: An Access to Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Compounds for Cosmetic Applications

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Laurène Minsat ◽  
Cédric Peyrot ◽  
Fanny Brunissen ◽  
Jean-Hugues Renault ◽  
Florent Allais
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Green Process ◽  
Direct Extraction ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Cosmetic Formulations ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
The Stability

The current cosmetic and nutraceutical markets are characterized by a strong consumer demand for a return to natural products that are less harmful to both the consumers and the environment than current petrosourced products. Phloretin, a natural dihydrochalcone (DHC) found in apple, has been widely studied for many years and identified as a strong antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase ingredient for cosmetic formulations. Its low concentration in apples does not allow it to be obtained by direct extraction from biomass in large quantities to meet market volumes and prices. Moreover, its remarkable structure prevents its synthesis through a green process. To overcome these issues, the synthesis of phloretin analogs appears as an alternative to access valuable compounds that are potentially more active than phloretin itself. Under such considerations, 12 chalcones (CHs) and 12 dihydrochalcones (DHCs) were synthesized through a green Claisen–Schmidt condensation using bio-based reagents. In order to evaluate the potential of these molecules, radical scavenging DPPH and anti-tyrosinase tests have been conducted. Moreover, the UV filtering properties and the stability of these analogs towards UV-radiations have been evaluated. Some molecules showed competitive antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities regarding phloretin. Two compounds in particular showed EC50 lower than phloretin, one chalcone and one dihydrochalcone.

scholarly journals Start-up Strategies for Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation (Anammox) in In-Situ Nitrogen Removal from Polluted Groundwater in Rare Earth Mining Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4591
Author(s):  
Shuanglei Huang ◽  
Daishe Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Activity

The tremendous input of ammonium and rare earth element (REE) ions released by the enormous consumption of (NH4)2SO4 in in situ leaching for ion-adsorption RE mining caused serious ground and surface water contamination. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) was a sustainable in situ technology that can reduce this nitrogen pollution. In this research, in situ, semi in situ, and ex situ method of inoculation that included low-concentration (0.02 mg·L−1) and high-concentration (0.10 mg·L−1) lanthanum (La)(III) were adopted to explore effective start-up strategies for starting up anammox reactors seeded with activated sludge and anammox sludge. The reactors were refrigerated for 30 days at 4 °C to investigate the effects of La(III) during a period of low-temperature. The results showed that the in situ and semi in situ enrichment strategies with the addition of La(III) at a low-concentration La(III) addition (0.02 mg·L−1) reduced the length of time required to reactivate the sludge until it reached a state of stable anammox activity and high nitrogen removal efficiency by 60–71 days. The addition of La(III) promoted the formation of sludge floc with a compact structure that enabled it to resist the adverse effects of low temperature and so to maintain a high abundance of AnAOB and microbacterial community diversity of sludge during refrigeration period. The addition of La(III) at a high concentration caused the cellular percentage of AnAOB to decrease from 54.60 ± 6.19% to 17.35 ± 6.69% during the enrichment and reduced nitrogen removal efficiency to an unrecoverable level to post-refrigeration.

scholarly journals Marine Exopolysaccharide Complexed With Scandium Aimed as Theranostic Agents

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Mazza ◽  
Cyrille Alliot ◽  
Corinne Sinquin ◽  
Sylvia Colliec-Jouault ◽  
Pascal E. Reiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Field Flow Fractionation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
New Class ◽  
Free Ion ◽  
Theranostic Agents ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Drug Reference

(1) Background: Exopolysaccharide (EPS) derivatives, produced by Alteromonas infernus bacterium, showed anti-metastatic properties. They may represent a new class of ligands to be combined with theranostic radionuclides, such as 47Sc/44Sc. The goal of this work was to investigate the feasibility of such coupling. (2) Methods: EPSs, as well as heparin used as a drug reference, were characterized in terms of molar mass and dispersity using Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation coupled to Multi-Angle Light Scattering (AF4-MALS). The intrinsic viscosity of EPSs at different ionic strengths were measured in order to establish the conformation. To determine the stability constants of Sc with EPS and heparin, a Free-ion selective radiotracer extraction (FISRE) method has been used. (3) Results: AF4-MALS showed that radical depolymerization produces monodisperse EPSs, suitable for therapeutic use. EPS conformation exhibited a lower hydrodynamic volume for the highest ionic strengths. The resulting random-coiled conformation could affect the complexation with metal for high concentration. The LogK of Sc-EPS complexes have been determined and showing that they are comparable to the Sc-Hep. (4) Conclusions: EPSs are very promising to be coupled with the theranostic pair of scandium for Nuclear Medicine.

Film Elasticity and Film Stabilization in Firefighting Foam Stabilized by Solid Particles

2017 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 346-349
Author(s):  
Xiu Juan Li ◽  
Rui Song Guo ◽  
Min Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Life Time ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Thin Liquid Films ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Hydration Effect ◽  
Fixed Area ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hydration Layers ◽  
Hydration Forces

The structure of the thin liquid films determines the stability of foams and emulsions. In this work the bubbles stretched length with different hollow SiO2 particles concentration is measured when the foam has been stilled for different time. The results show that the bubbles stretched length is longer than that of bubbles when the foam is free of hollow SiO2 particles even when the foam has been stilled for 500mins. The bubbles stretched length increases with increasing the concentration of hollow SiO2 particles. A strong hydration effect leaves a large volume of hydration layers on the solid particles surfaces in aqueous solutions. The water in hydration layers can help the film keep a certain thickness. The existence of hydration forces leads that two particles cannot be too close each other. The high concentration surfactant limited in the fixed area helps the film keep good elasticity. Therefore the film has a long life time with compatible thickness and elasticity and the three-phrase foam is upper stable.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document