scholarly journals Trend and Determinants of Abortions among Adolescent Women in Rural Matlab, Bangladesh: Evidence a Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Tahmina Begum ◽  
Fariha Haseen ◽  
Nurul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Abortion Rate ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Female Community ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Study Population ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Post Abortion ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background:Every year about 2.5 million adolescents have unsafe abortions. In Bangladesh, data on incidence of abortion suffer from under-reporting and incomplete record keeping in cases of adolescent women. So, we proposed a study to estimate level and determinants of adolescent abortions in Matlab in Bangladesh. Methods:This study analyzed vital events recorded by Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) from a well-defined population during 2007-2015. HDSS is operating since 1966, HDSS area was divided into two halves; icddr,b provides quality maternal and family planning (MNCH/FP) services in one half and another half receives government standard MNCH/FP services. Female community health research workers visit bi-monthly women at their home to identify pregnancy and record vital events and migration. Woman’s age in most cases is known by date of birth. Study Population: Women, who had pregnancy outcomes before age of 20 years were the study population. This resulted in a final sample of 5,715 adolescent women who become pregnant between this age.Result:There were 5,715 adolescents in the HDSS database have complete birth form for every pregnancy outcome who become pregnant outcomes between 2007 and 2015. The adolescent abortion rates were Lower (by 18%) in ISA than GSA; higher among mothers who have primary and higher education and who are pregnant for the first time Conclusion: This study has estimated the first time the adolescent abortion rate in Bangladesh and reveals that MCH-FP services lower abortion rate. Reducing abortion among adolescent, post-abortion education and family planning services are needed.

scholarly journals Status of Abortion Services in Jumla

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjupa Shrestha ◽  
S. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Abortion Rate ◽  
Abortion Service ◽  
District Health ◽  
Safe Abortion ◽  
Abortion Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post Abortion

Introduction: Abortion was legalized in Nepal in September 2002. Only a trained and listed provider can provide abortion services at a health. For many women, especially in developing countries like Nepal, safe abortion may not be available, affordable or accessible despite the liberalization of abortion law. The aim of this study was to determine the status of abortion in Jumla. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from the record of District Health Office; Jumla from the month of Ashad 2074 to Jestha 2075. Total Enumerative sampling technique was used. Data of public health sector and Marie Stopes Center, Jumla were retrieved and analyzed in terms of frequency, rate, and percentage. Results: Total 1196 women have received abortion services and abortion rate was 36.077 per 1000 (15-49 Years women). Most of the women(90%) were more than 20 years of age and majority of women (82%) chose medical method for abortion service. Majority (88.62%) have used Post abortion family Planning services. Conclusions: The abortion rate of Jumla was still high. Nine out of ten women who received abortion services were more than 20 years of age. Women preferred medical method rather than surgical method for abortion service. Nearly one tenth women had not used any post abortion family planning method.

Cervical elastography strain ratio and strain pattern for the prediction of a successful induction of labour

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlit Karen Strobel ◽  
Maria Eveslage ◽  
Helen Ann Köster ◽  
Mareike Möllers ◽  
Janina Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Ratio ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Bishop Score ◽  
Cervical Tissue ◽  
Strain Pattern ◽  
Successful Induction ◽  
Study Population ◽  
First Time

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to introduce cervical strain elastography to objectively assess the cervical tissue transformation process during induction of labour (IOL) and to evaluate the potential of cervical elastography as a predictor of successful IOL.MethodsA total of 41 patients with full-term pregnancies elected for an IOL were included. Vaginal ultrasound with measurement of cervical length and elastography and assessment of the Bishop Score were performed before and 3 h after IOL. The measured parameters were correlated to the outcome of IOL and the time until delivery.ResultsWe observed an association between the strain pattern and the value of the strain ratio 3 h after IOL and a successful IOL (p=0.0343 and p=0.0342, respectively) which can be well demonstrated by the results after 48 h. In our study population the cervical length and the Bishop Score did not prove to be relevant parameters for the prediction of a successful IOL.ConclusionsWe demonstrated for the first time that the cervical elastography pattern after the first prostaglandine application can help predict the outcome of IOL.

scholarly journals Post-abortion family planning use, method preference, and its determinant factors in Eastern Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmamaw Demis Bizuneh ◽  
Getnet Gedefaw Azeze
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Abortion

Abstract Background Utilization of post-abortion family planning is very critical to reduce high levels of unintended pregnancy, which is the root cause of induced abortion. In Eastern Africa, it is estimated that as many as 95% of unintended pregnancies occurred among women who do not practice contraception at all. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to assess post-abortion family planning utilization and its determinant factors in Eastern Africa. Methods Published papers from Scopus, HINARI, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science electronic databases and grey literature repository were searched from database inception to January 30, 2020, with no restriction by design and date of publishing. We screened records, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias in duplicate. Cochrane I2 statistics were used to check the heterogeneity of the studies. Publication bias was assessed by Egger and Biggs test with a funnel plot. A random-effects model was calculated to estimate the pooled prevalence of post-abortion family planning utilization. Results A total of twenty-nine cross-sectional studies with 70,037 study participants were included. The overall pooled prevalence of post-abortion family planning utilization was 67.86% (95% CI 63.59–72.12). The most widely utilized post-abortion family methods were injectable 33.23% (95% CI 22.12–44.34), followed by implants 24.71% (95% CI 13.53–35.89) and oral contraceptive pills 23.42% (95% CI 19.95–26.89). Married marital status (AOR=3.20; 95% CI 2.02–5.05), multiparity (AOR=3.84; 95% CI 1.43–10.33), having a history of abortion (AOR=2.33; 95% CI 1.44–3.75), getting counselling on post-abortion family planning (AOR=4.63; 95% CI 3.27–6.56), and ever use of contraceptives (AOR=4.63; 95% CI 2.27–5.21) were factors associated with post-abortion family planning utilization in Eastern Africa. Conclusions This study revealed that the marital status of the women, multiparity, having a history of abortion, getting counselling on post-abortion family planning, and ever used contraceptives were found to be significantly associated with post-abortion family planning utilization.

scholarly journals Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror Scale: Development and Validation for Portuguese Accounting Professionals

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Rui Silva ◽  
Margarida Simões ◽  
Ana Paula Monteiro ◽  
António Dias
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Scale Development And Validation ◽  
Statistical Reliability ◽  
Accounting Professionals ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

This research aims to adapt the Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror and its use on Portuguese Accounting Professionals. Leymann scale was applied in a final sample of 478 accountants aged between 28 and 68, of which 47.5% were men and 52.5% women. We used a quantitative methodology by applying a questionnaire survey whose results were, in the following research phase, analyzed using the statistical packages SPSS 26 and AMOS 27. We used SPSS 26 for the Descriptive Statistical Analysis and AMOS 27 to estimate the structural equation model that validated the scale. After the scale had been adapted and changed, it was validated in psychometric terms to be applied to and used in studies involving this type of professionals. The Accountants Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror that resulted from adapting the original model was tested using structural equation modelling. Thus, the new scale produced significant results similar to those of the original scale, which means that it is valid and can be applied to other contexts. The validity and statistical reliability of the new scale made it possible to measure mobbing problems among accounting professionals reliably and robustly. The present research is an important contribution to the literature. Although it has been applied in several contexts, it is the first time it is being developed, adapted, and validated for accounting professionals who work in this area of management.

scholarly journals Contraception and Sexsual Activity as Factor Influenced Leucorrhea

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Sari Priyanti
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTCervical cancer was non communicable desease that worries the public and causes an increase mortality in women. One of the first sign causes of cervical cancer is occourrence of Leucorrhoe. The incidence of Leucorrhoe in women Indonesia by 90% of which >75% of women experience once of leucorrhoe and experience ≥ 2 times by 25%. Leucorrhoe should not be considered an ordinary thing because can be caused to itchy on genetalia, pain during sexsual, infection  can be caused odema on genetalia, hot like burned on vagina even the impact if not treated promptly will caused infertility and cancer. Aims of study was to analyze factors of influenced on Leucorrhoe incident. Design of study was cross sectional study. Population was women of childbearing age who use contraceptives in the karang jeruk village, Jatirejo sub district, Mojokerto district in March of 2017. Sample in this study was 33 people. Data analyze with logistic regresion. Result of study showed contraceptive and sexsual activity has significant influenced with leucorrhoe (PR = 10.000; 95% CI= 1,732-57,722 dan PR=8,750; 95% CI=1,466-52,232). Suggestion: should be married and have first sexual intercourse for the first time at the age of  ≥ 20 years, limit the number of children not more than 2 as the greater the number of children the greater the risk of Leucorrhoe, and not using hormonal contraception for a along time that more than 2 years. Keywords: contraceptive,sexsual activity, leucorrhoe

Abstract 2178: Sonic Hedgehog In Adult Hypoxic Cerebellum

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Straface ◽  
Andrea Flex ◽  
Federico Biscetti ◽  
Eleonora Gaetani ◽  
Giovanni Pecorini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Lacz Gene ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Shh Pathway ◽  
And Migration ◽  
First Time ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Background: Cerebellar hypoxia is responsible for important aspects of cognitive deterioration and motor disturbances in neurological disorders, such as stroke, vascular dementia, and neurodegeneration. In the cerebellum, VEGF is significantly upregulated after hypoxia and is able to induce angiogenesis, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and regulate neuronal differentiation, proliferation, and migration. But, VEGF is not sufficient to provide neuroprotection. A crucial role is played by growth associated protein-43 (GAP43), for which important activities have been described. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the developmental Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway in postnatal hypoxic cerebellum and its relationship with VEGF and GAP43 expression. Methods: We used adult C57BL/6J mice, ptc1-lacZ mice, and GAP43−/− mice for these experiments. Ptc1-lacZ mice carry a non-disruptive insertion of the lacZ gene under the control of the ptc1 promoter. Ptc1 is a downstream-transcriptional target of Shh and its upregulation indicates activation of the Shh pathway. Mice were exposed to systemic normobaric hypoxia (6%O 2 ) for 6 hours and the expression of Shh, Ptc1, VEGF, and GAP43 were investigated. Results: After exposure to hypoxia, Shh-positive staining was detected in Purkinje cells (PCs). The same cells were also lacZ(ptc1)-positive, indicating that PCs are both Shh-producing and -responding elements. Also the cells of the internal granular layer (IGL) were lacZ(ptc1)-positive, indicating that these cells are Shh-responsive. LacZ(ptc1)-positive IGL cells were also immunopositive for VEGF and GAP-43. We also found that ptc1 expression is lost in PCs of GAP43−/− mice, indicating that Shh requires GAP43 to activate its downstream target genes in PCs. Finally, when cultures enriched in granular cells were stimulated with Shh recombinant protein, GAP43 phosphorylation was increased. This effect was inhibited by Shh-inhibitor cyclopamine. Conclusions: This is the first time that hypoxia is reported to activate the Shh pathway in the adult. Our data suggest that the Shh pathway might be important for the cerebellar response to hypoxia, through interactions with VEGF and GAP43.

RGS12 Drives Macrophage Activation and Osteoclastogenesis in Periodontitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452110453
Author(s):  
G. Yuan ◽  
C. Fu ◽  
S.T. Yang ◽  
D.Y. Yuh ◽  
G. Hajishengallis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Protein Signaling ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target ◽  
Rgs Protein ◽  
And Migration ◽  
First Time

Periodontitis is a complex inflammatory disease affecting the supporting structures of teeth and is associated with systemic inflammatory disorders. Regulator of G-protein signaling 12 (RGS12), the largest protein in the RGS protein family, plays a crucial role in the development of inflammation and bone remodeling. However, the role and mechanism(s) by which RGS12 may regulate periodontitis have not been elucidated. Here, we showed that ablation of RGS12 in Mx1+ hematopoietic cells blocked bone loss in the ligature-induced periodontitis model, as evidenced morphometrically and by micro–computed tomography analysis of the alveolar bone. Moreover, hematopoietic cell-specific deletion of RGS12 inhibited osteoclast formation and activity as well as the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL1β, IL6, and TNFα in the diseased periodontal tissue. In the in vitro experiments, we found that the overexpression of RGS12 promoted the reprogramming of macrophages to the proinflammatory M1 type, but not the anti-inflammatory M2 type, and enhanced the ability of macrophages for migration. Conversely, knockdown of RGS12 in macrophages inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines and migration of macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Our results demonstrate for the first time that inhibition of RGS12 in macrophages is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of periodontitis.

Post-abortion fertility desires, contraceptive uptake and unmet need for family planning: voices of post-abortion care clients in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Colin Baynes ◽  
Erick Yegon ◽  
Grace Lusiola ◽  
Japhet Achola ◽  
Rehema Kahando
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Pregnancy Intentions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Fertility Desires ◽  
Abortion Care ◽  
Post Abortion Care ◽  
Post Abortion ◽  
Contraceptive Uptake

Abstract Post-abortion care (PAC) integrates elements of care that are vital for women’s survival after abortion complications with intervention components that aid women in controlling their fertility, and provides an optimal window of opportunity to help women meet their family planning goals. Yet, incorporating quality family planning services remains a shortcoming of PAC services, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This paper presents evidence from a mixed method study conducted in Tanzania that aimed at explaining factors that contribute to this challenge. Analysis of data obtained through client exit interviews quantified the level of unmet need for contraception among PAC clients and isolated the factors associated with post-abortion contraceptive uptake. Qualitative data analysis of interviews with a subset of these women explored the multi-level context in which post-abortion pregnancy intentions and contraceptive behaviours are formed. Approximately 30% of women interviewed (N=412) could recall receiving counselling on post-abortion family planning. Nearly two-thirds reported a desire to either space or limit childbearing. Of those who desired to space or limited childbearing, approximately 20% received a contraceptive method before discharge from PAC. The factors significantly associated with post-abortion contraceptive acceptance were completion of primary school, prior use of contraception, receipt of PAC at lower level facilities and recall of post-abortion family planning counselling. Qualitative analysis revealed different layers of contextual influences that shaped women’s fertility desires and contraceptive decision-making during PAC: individual (PAC client), spousal/partner-related, health service-related and societal. While results lend support to the concept that there are opportunities for services to address unmet need for post-abortion family planning, they also attest to the synergistic influences of individual, spousal, organizational and societal factors that influence whether they can be realized during PAC. Several strategies to do so emerged saliently from this analysis. These emphasize customized counselling to enable client–provider communication about fertility preferences, structural intervention aimed at empowering women to assert those objectives in family and health care settings, availability of information and services on post-abortion fertility and contraceptive eligibility in PAC settings and interventions to facilitate constructive spousal communication on family planning and contraceptive use, after abortion and in general.

scholarly journals Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) promotes development of malignant melanoma through regulation of CDK1

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Fang Zhao ◽  
Yu Xu ◽  
Kai Huang ◽  
Xianling Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Tumor Promotor ◽  
And Migration ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) is an important member of glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate (CS). However, the relationship between CHPF and malignant melanoma (MM) is still unknown. In this study, it was demonstrated that CHPF was up-regulated in MM tissues compared with the adjacent normal skin tissues and its high expression was correlated with more advanced T stage. Further investigations indicated that the over-expression/knockdown of CHPF could promote/inhibit proliferation, colony formation and migration of MM cells, while inhibiting/promoting cell apoptosis. Moreover, knockdown of CHPF could also suppress tumorigenicity of MM cells in vivo. RNA-sequencing followed by Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was performed for exploring downstream of CHPF and identified CDK1 as the potential target. Furthermore, our study revealed that knockdown of CDK1 could inhibit development of MM in vitro, and alleviate the CHPF over-expression induced promotion of MM. In conclusion, our study showed, as the first time, CHPF as a tumor promotor for MM, whose function was carried out probably through the regulation of CDK1.

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