Morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of onion (Allium cepa L.) breeding lines to single and combined salt and drought stresses

Abstract Abiotic stresses deteriorate plant growth resulting in devastating yield losses. Salt stress solely cause ionic toxicity and disturbed homeostasis, whereas combined salt and drought stress has more pronounced effects on plants. Here we performed a pot experiment using 32 Turkish onion breeding lines and commercial cultivars for screening against salt, drought and combined salt and drought stress treatments initiated at the bulbification stage under greenhouse conditions. Physiological characteristics, such as gaseous exchange traits, chlorophyll index, leaf temperature, and morphological traits including number of leaves, length and diameter of leaf were measured during stress treatment and yield response of the onions was quantified by measuring bulb length, bulb diameter and bulb weight after harvest. Proline and malondialdehyde accumulation were estimated for biochemical effect of stress on onion genotypes. All genotypes responded differentially to the applied single and combined stresses. Overall results revealed that the breeding lines K25, U6, U17 and commercial cultivar K58, were grouped as sensitive across all stresses, whereas the breeding lines K41, U47, U49 and commercial cultivar K52, were found to be the most stable upon stress. These resilient genotypes can be used as breeding material for future abiotic stress studies.

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Role of Kinases for Regulating K + Homeostasis Under Salt and Drought Stress Conditions

Protein Kinases and Stress Signaling in Plants ◽

10.1002/9781119541578.ch21 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 479-500

Author(s):

Jayant Kulkarni ◽

Ashish K. Srivastava ◽

Suprasanna Penna

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Salt And Drought Stress

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Proteome Analysis for Understanding Abiotic Stress (Salinity and Drought) Tolerance in Date Palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.)

International Journal of Genomics ◽

10.1155/2015/407165 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Haddad A. El Rabey ◽

Abdulrahman L. Al-Malki ◽

Khalid O. Abulnaja ◽

Wolfgang Rohde

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Date Palm ◽

Light Harvesting ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Proteome Analysis ◽

Rubisco Activase ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Spectrometric Analysis ◽

Salt And Drought Stress

This study was carried out to study the proteome of date palm under salinity and drought stress conditions to possibly identify proteins involved in stress tolerance. For this purpose, three-month-old seedlings of date palm cultivar “Sagie” were subjected to drought (27.5 g/L polyethylene glycol 6000) and salinity stress conditions (16 g/L NaCl) for one month. DIGE analysis of protein extracts identified 47 differentially expressed proteins in leaves of salt- and drought-treated palm seedlings. Mass spectrometric analysis identified 12 proteins; three out of them were significantly changed under both salt and drought stress, while the other nine were significantly changed only in salt-stressed plants. The levels of ATP synthase alpha and beta subunits, an unknown protein and some of RubisCO fragments were significantly changed under both salt and drought stress conditions. Changes in abundance of superoxide dismutase, chlorophyll A-B binding protein, light-harvesting complex1 protein Lhca1, RubisCO activase, phosphoglycerate kinase, chloroplast light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein, phosphoribulokinase, transketolase, RubisCO, and some of RubisCO fragments were significant only for salt stress.

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Plant Roots—The Hidden Half for Investigating Salt and Drought Stress Responses and Tolerance

Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants - Signaling and Communication in Plants ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-40277-8_6 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 137-175

Author(s):

B. Sánchez-Romera ◽

Ricardo Aroca

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Plant Roots ◽

Salt And Drought Stress

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Plant Responses and Tolerance to Combined Salt and Drought Stress

Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants - Signaling and Communication in Plants ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-40277-8_2 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 17-52

Author(s):

Waleed Fouad Abobatta

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Salt And Drought Stress

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PENAMBAHAN LARUTAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) DAN AIR KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) SEBAGAI FITOHORMON ALAMI PADA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TEBU (Sacchanum officinarum L.) SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR BIOLOGI

BIOEDUKASI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) ◽

10.24127/bioedukasi.v11i2.3425 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 160

Author(s):

Dewi Kurniawati ◽

HRA Mulyani ◽

Rasuane Noor

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Water Solution ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Coconut Water ◽

The Third ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Allium Cepa L ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

The One ◽

Cocos Nucifera L

This study aims to 1) to see the effect of natural phytohormones in onions and coconut water on the growth of sugarcane, 2) To see the effect of giving natural phytohormones to sugarcane plants which produce the best growth, 3) To see the results of research on the growth of sugarcane can be used biology learning resources. This type of research is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD). This study consisted of 4 treatments, namely, the first treatment was giving sand and red soil, the second treatment was giving manure and 15% concentration of onion solution phytohormones, the third treatment was giving manure and phytohormones with 25% concentration of coconut water solution, the fourth treatment was Pembrian. Manure and phytohormone combined with 15% concentration of onion solution + phytohormone with 25% concentration of coconut water solution. The parameters observed in this study were height in units (cm), number of leaves (counting manually), stem diameter in units (cm). To determine the effect of phytohormone solutions on shallots and coconut water, data analysis was carried out using the one-way ANOVA test. and further tests to find out the most optimum treatment for the growth of sugarcane using the BNJ test. Based on the research, there was a significant effect of giving natural phytohormones on the growth of sugarcane, with the best treatment, namely the third treatment of giving manure and phytohormones of coconut water solution. The results of this research can be used as a source of learning biology in the form of videos with material on the growth and development of class XII. Kata kunci: larutan bawang merah (allium cepa L), air kelapa (cocos nucifera L), fitohormon, tanamantebu.

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Soil Amendment Using Biochar and Application of K-Humate Enhance the Growth, Productivity, and Nutritional Value of Onion (Allium cepa L.) under Deficit Irrigation Conditions

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10122598 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2598

Author(s):

Khaled G. Abdelrasheed ◽

Yasser Mazrou ◽

Alaa El-Dein Omara ◽

Hany S. Osman ◽

Yasser Nehela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Water Scarcity ◽

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Field Trials ◽

Global Challenge ◽

Allium Cepa L

Water scarcity, due to physical shortage or inadequate access, is a major global challenge that severely affects agricultural productivity and sustainability. Deficit irrigation is a promising strategy to overcome water scarcity, particularly in arid and semiarid regions with limited freshwater resources. However, precise application of deficit irrigation requires a better understanding of the plant response to water/drought stress. In the current study, we investigated the potential impacts of biochar-based soil amendment and foliar potassium-humate application (separately or their combination) on the growth, productivity, and nutritional value of onion (Allium cepa L.) under deficient irrigation conditions in two separate field trials during the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons. Our findings showed that deficit irrigation negatively affected onion resilience to drought stress. However, these harmful effects were diminished after soil amendment using biochar, K-humate foliar application, or their combination. Briefly, integrated biochar and K-humate application increased onion growth, boosted the content of the photosynthetic pigments, enhanced the water relations, and increased the yield traits of deficient irrigation onion plants. Moreover, it improved the biochemical response, enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and enriched the nutrient value of deficiently irrigated onion plants. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential utilization of biochar and K-humate as sustainable eco-friendly strategies to improve onion resilience to deficit irrigation.

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Growth and Yield Response of Rodent Tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume) under Different Light Intensities and Concentrations of Paclobutrazol

Jurnal Jamu Indonesia ◽

10.29244/jji.v1i3.22 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 29-35

Author(s):

Noorwitri Utami ◽

Lukita Devy ◽

Arief Arianto

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Concentration Level ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Response ◽

Full Sunlight ◽

Anticancer Treatment ◽

Main Plot ◽

Number Of Leaves

Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd) Blume) is one of the medicinal plants used for anticancer treatment, but the information on the cultivation of the plant is limited. The objectives of this research was to study the effect of light intensity and concentration level of paclobutrazol on growth and yield of rodent tuber. This research was conducted at Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia. This experiment arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main plot is light intensity (35, 55, and 100%). The sub plot is concentration level of paclobutrazol (0, 50, 100, and 150 ppm). Paclobutrazol applied as soil drench at one month after planting. In each application 500 ml solution was used. Variables observed consisted of plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, leaf and tuber fresh weight; and leaf and tuber dry weight. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan Multiple Range test at 5%. The result showed that interaction between light intensity and paclobutrazol affected the whole observed variable. Dry weight of tuber under 35% light intensity was lower than those in other light intensity for all treatments of paclobutrazol. Full sunlight intensity showed better dry weight in all treatments of paclobutrazol. However the dry weight decreasing significantly at 150 ppm paclobutrazol, but still higher than those in 35% light intensity. Therefore, rodent tuber is better cultivated under full sunlight and 55% light intensity with 100 ppm paclobutrazol.

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Effects of drought stress on shoot development of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences ◽

10.32508/stdjns.v5i2.1049 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 1208-1215

Author(s):

Tuan Minh Nguy ◽

Thang Thanh Tran ◽

Huong Thanh Tran

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Stress Condition ◽

Carotenoid Content ◽

Shoot Height ◽

Drought Stress Tolerance ◽

Drought Stress Condition ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Effects Of Drought

In recent years, drought stress was strongly affected on the development and yield of tomatoes. There are increasing interests in the study of physiological transformations in adaption to stress in plants In this study, effects of drought stress (mannitol at different concentration) on the development of tomato shoot were studied. Morphological and physiological changes during the development of shoot under drought stress conditions were analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the combination of cytokinin and gibberellin was treated to increase the drought stress tolerance of plants. Results showed that mannitol at 20 g/L induced tomato drought stress. Shoot height, number of leaves, leaf area, and the number of roots significantly decreased in the drought stress condition compared to the control. The formation superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) occurred in the meristem, elongation region and cap of the roots in the drought stress condition instead of only cap root in the control. In the drought stress condition, there was an increase in respiration intensity, proline and carotenoid content, and abscisic acid activity. In contrast, the content of chlorophyll, photosynthesis intensity, cytokinin and gibberellin activity decreased in comparison with the control. The combination treatment of zeatin 0.5 mg/L and GA3 0.5 mg/L improved the drought stress tolerance of plants. The shoot height, number of leaves, leaf area and number of roots of the treated plants were higher than those of the control plants.

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