scholarly journals Exposure Factors Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence During the First Eight Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Netherlands: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demi ME Pagen ◽  
Stephanie Brinkhues ◽  
Nicole HTM Dukers-Muijrers ◽  
Casper DJ den Heijer ◽  
Noortje Bouwmeester-Vincken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Previous Infection ◽  
Singing Activity ◽  
Social Exposure

Abstract BackgroundThe availability of valid SARS-CoV-2 serological tests overcome the problem of underestimated cumulative COVID-19 cases during the first months of the pandemic in The Netherlands. This enabled us to study a wide variety of demographic, behavioural and social exposure factors associated with seropositivity during the first eight months of the pandemic in Limburg, The Netherlands. MethodsSARS-CoV-2 point-seroprevalence was determined cross-sectionally to indicate previous infection in a convenience sample of 10,000 inhabitants of the study province. Possible exposure factors were mapped by means of an extensive questionnaire. Associated exposure factors were determined using uni- and multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsSeropositivity was established in 19.5% (n=1,948) of the 10,001 participants (on average 49 years old (SD=15; range 18-90 years), majority women (n=5,829; 58.3%). Exposure factors associated with seropositivity included current education, working in healthcare and not working from home, and being a member of three or four associations or clubs. Specifically for February-March 2020, visiting an après-ski bar during winter sports in Austria, travelling to Spain, celebrating carnival, and participating in a singing activity or ball sport were associated with seropositivity. ConclusionsOur results confirm that relevant COVID-19 exposure factors generally reflected circumstances where social distancing was impossible, and the number and duration of contacts was high, in particular for indoor activities.

Factors associated with workability in Spanish health centre workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Mateo-Rodríguez ◽  
E Knox ◽  
A Daponte-Codina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Spanish Health

Abstract Background The concept of workability provides a conceptual framework and proposes measures for the evaluation of relevant actions focused on a healthy workforce. In Spain, one of the countries with the highest life expectancy, there are practically no scientific studies on workability and its associated factors. Aims The objective of this study is to examine the associations between workability and variables related to health and work in a sample of workers from Spanish health centres. Methods Cross-sectional study including 1184 health centre workers who completed a questionnaire at baseline, comprising measures of workability, health and other work-related factors. Workability has been analysed as a one-factor construct, and as a two-factor construct. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to analyse factors associated with workability. Results As a one-dimensional construct, workability is associated with physical and mental health, number of hours of worked, insomnia, work and family life balance, adequate training, never having had an accident and type of contract. When the two-factor measure was used, sensitivity of findings increased, and it was identified that those participants who were older, lived alone and have more years of service in their profession also show worse workability. Conclusions The present study identified factors associated with the workability of health centre workers. The two-factor workability index (WAI) has better psychometric properties and used in combination with the global measure of WAI, identifies important additional aspects, specifically, age and years of professional experience as additional considerations for the intervention.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with cows' lying time, stall and cows' own cleanliness in smallholder dairy farms in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085-1092
Author(s):  
E. K. Kathambi ◽  
J. A. VanLeeuwen ◽  
G. K. Gitau ◽  
C. Kamunde
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Smallholder Dairy

Background and Aim: The welfare of animals kept in livestock production systems has raised concerns around the world. Adult dairy cattle require adequate rest and spend approximately 12 h/day lying down. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the stall factors and management practices affecting cows' lying time, stall cleanliness, and cows' cleanliness (udder and upper leg), in smallholder dairy cows in Meru County of Kenya. Materials and Methods: A total of 106 milking cows from 73 farms were assessed for daily lying time and cleanliness. Data loggers were used to record the lying time of cows for 3 days. Stall, udder, and upper leg cleanliness were assessed using a 5-score system: 1 (very clean) to 5 (very dirty). Management information was acquired using a questionnaire that was administered face-to-face to the farmers in their native Kimeru language. Univariable and multivariable linear and logistic regression models were fit to determine factors associated with cows' lying time and dichotomized stall and cows' own cleanliness, respectively. Results: The mean daily lying time was 10.9±2.2 h, and the mean stall cleanliness score was 2.4±1.0. The mean average cleanliness scores of the udder and upper legs were 1.9±0.7 and 2.5±1.1, respectively. Overall, 35% of the stalls were categorized as dirty (>2.5), whereas 13% and 47% of the cows had udder and leg cleanliness scores >2.5, respectively. From the final multivariable models (p<0.05), daily lying time increased by 1.0 h for cows older than 5.25 years versus younger cows. Conversely, lying time decreased by 1.0 h with stall cleanliness scores >2.5 and by 1.6 h with poorly positioned neck rails. In an interaction term, addition of new bedding at least once a day without removing stall manure at least once a day decreased the daily lying time of the cows by 1.5 h, whereas failure to add new bedding at least once a day but removing stall manure at least once a day decreased the lying time of the cows by 1.2 h. Farm-level risk factors for stall dirtiness (>2.5) included delayed cleaning of the alley (odds ratio [OR]=6.6, p=0.032), lack of bedding (OR=4.9, p=0.008), and standing idle and/or backward in the stall (OR=10.5, p=0.002). Stalls categorized as dirty (OR=2.9, p=0.041) and lack of bedding (OR=2.7, p=0.065) were cow- and farm-level risk factors for dirtiness of the udder (>2.5), respectively, whereas the stall being dirty (OR=2.3, p=0.043) was the only risk factor (cow level) for dirtiness of the upper legs (>2.5). Conclusion: It was recommended that farmers should pay attention to the specific factors identified regarding the stall design (e.g., neck rail position) and bedding/manure management that impact the cleanliness of cows and their lying time.

scholarly journals “Yes, I’m interested in taking PrEP!”: PrEP interest among women respondents to the European community-based survey “Flash! PrEP in Europe”

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246037
Author(s):  
Rosemary M. Delabre ◽  
Adeline Bernier ◽  
Flor Sánchez ◽  
Antoine Vilotitch ◽  
Sophocles Chanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Final Multivariable Model ◽  
Cdc Guidelines ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

The World Health Organization recommends pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for all populations at substantial risk of HIV infection, including women. However, data regarding PrEP interest among women is lacking, particularly in Europe. Factors associated with interest in using PrEP were assessed among women respondents to the Flash! PrEP in Europe (FPIE) survey. This community-based cross-sectional study, conducted in 12 European countries, aimed to assess PrEP knowledge and interest. “High objective risk” (HOR) was assessed using established risk criteria following EACS and CDC guidelines. Factors associated with interest in using PrEP were assessed in univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. Among 678 women, 12.5% (n = 85) were considered at HOR, 46.8% (n = 317) indicated prior PrEP knowledge and 18.0% (n = 122) reported interest in using PrEP. Among women at HOR, 40.0% (n = 34) were interested in PrEP. Factors significantly associated with PrEP interest in the final multivariable model were: younger age (18–29 years) (aOR 1.91[95CI: 1.07; 3.41]), bad self-perceived financial status (1.84[1.09; 3.11]), migrant status (south to north) (2.87[1.05; 7.89]), single or dating relationship status (1.93[1.23; 3.03]), sexual abuse history (1.86[1.17; 2.97]), “rather high”/ “high” self-perceived HIV risk (3.21[1.32; 7.81]), and HOR (2.49[1.42; 4.35]). These results show that women at HOR and those who perceived themselves to be at high risk are interested in using PrEP. There is a critical need for targeted information and improved access to PrEP to increase uptake of this HIV prevention tool to meet PrEP interest among women.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the whole foods consumption by adults and elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e84101219843
Author(s):  
Patricia Thomazi ◽  
Camila Elizandra Rossi ◽  
Eloá Angélica Koehnlein ◽  
Jucieli Weber
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Overweight People ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
Whole Foods

Objectives: Evaluate associated factors to the consumption of whole foods by adults and elderly people. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in a municipality in the southwest of Paraná, in which an interview was conducted, comprising 41 objective questions, in adults and the elderly. The factors associated with the consumption of whole foods were evaluated using logistic regression models. Results: The sample consisted of 388 people, predominantly of women, white people, resident in the urban area, with more than 11 years of schooling belonging to socioeconomic class B2-C1. More than a half of the participants reported consuming whole foods (54.6%), however, 21.23% consumed them of irregular form. It was noticed that the female people (Odds Ratio: 2.24; CI 95%=1.38-3.65), physically actives (Odds Ratio: 3.33; CI 95%=1.89–5.87), and that had a greater knowledge about whole foods (Odds Ratio: 1.66; CI 95%=1.01–2.74) had greater chances of consuming them. Related to the regular consumption of these foods, overweight people (Odds Ratio: 0.45; CI 95%=0.21–0.96) presented less chances of ingestion, and the mean of communication and the health professional (Odds Ratio: 2.78; CI 95%=1.07–7.18) presented positive influence in regular consumption of whole foods. Conclusions: There is a need to increase the consumption of whole foods in specific audiences, such as men, sedentary, lower economic class, individuals who do not have knowledge about whole foods and those who are overweight.

scholarly journals A Cross-sectional Study on Infectious Health Risks Regarding Freshwater Sport Practice in Brittany, France

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Velardo ◽  
Hanifa Bouziri ◽  
Lucie Adélaïde ◽  
Emma Oliosi ◽  
Maylis Layan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
Skin Symptoms ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Freshwater sports can be associated with infections from pathogenic microorganisms. In French Brittany, such infections are a major concern since a leptospirosis outbreak in 2016. Objectives: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of infectious diseases related to the practice of freshwater sports and identify the factors associated with these pathologies in Brittany, France. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from March 18 to May 8, 2019, among freshwater sport licensees (online study) and clubs (phone study). Licensees were 18 years old or more, and practiced at least one freshwater sport, in one of the 79 Brittany clubs. Club presidents and instructors were also surveyed. We used logistic regression models to study the association between our variables of interest and potential risk factors. Results: In total, 551 licensees (20.3% of the total number of licensees) and 38 clubs (48.1%) were surveyed. A diagnosis of leptospirosis was reported by 29 (5.3%) licensees, of which 41.3% occurred in the last five years. The most reported symptoms were skin symptoms (24.3%) and 7.1% of individuals reported at least one hospitalization in their lifetime for a disease related to freshwater sports. The occurrence of leptospirosis was negatively associated with boarding from a pontoon (OR=0.20 [0.06-0.56]), practicing for less than 4 years (OR=0.17 [0.04-0.56]) compared to more than 10 years, and the occurrence of leptospirosis was positively associated with taking a soapy shower after practice (OR=4.38 [1.90-10.51]). Eskimo roll was positively associated with the occurrence of otitis and conjunctivitis (OR=3.22 [1.82-6.03]) and skin irritations (OR=1.66 [0.99-2.84]). Conclusion: This study provides a better understanding of the proportion and factors associated with infectious diseases linked to the practice of freshwater sports in French Brittany. Complementary studies are necessary to better understand the link between these diseases and the practice of freshwater sports.

scholarly journals Treponema pallidum among Female Sex Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Three Major Cities in Northern Brazil

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 923
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado ◽  
Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro ◽  
Leonardo Quintão Siravenha ◽  
Marcelo Pereira Mota ◽  
Marlinda de Carvalho Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Northern Brazil

Female sex workers (FSWs) are an important group of people vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections. Northern Brazil is a rural and socioeconomically underdeveloped region, with lack of epidemiological information on syphilis in key populations. This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with exposure to Treponema pallidum among FSWs in three major cities in northern Brazil. This cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 415 FSWs from the cities of Belém, Macapá, and Rio Branco. Blood samples and personal data were collected from January 2009 to August 2010. Rapid plasma reagin and immunoenzymatic assays were used to detect antibodies against T. pallidum. Logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with exposure to T. pallidum. In total, 36.1% were exposed to T. pallidum, and 15.7% had active syphilis. Sexual risk behaviors, use of illicit drugs, low education, and reduced monthly income were associated with exposure to T. pallidum. The high rate of exposure to T. pallidum indicates the urgent need for measures to identify, treat, and prevent syphilis and an education program for the valuation, care, and social inclusion of FSWs in northern Brazil.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated with Self-Medication in Dermatology in Togo

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Koussake Kombaté ◽  
Julienne Noude Técléssou ◽  
Bayaki Saka ◽  
Abla Sefako Akakpo ◽  
Koudjouka Odette Tchangai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Keratinization Disorders ◽  
One Year ◽  
Dermatologic Disease ◽  
Infectious Skin Diseases

Objective. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with self-medication in dermatology in Lomé, Togo.Methods. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study from February to April 2016 in 2 dermatology departments in Lomé. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were carried out to identify possible factors associated with self-medication.Results. A total of 711 patients were included in the study. The mean age (±SD) of the patients was26.6±6.9years and the sex ratio (male/female) was 0.6. The main dermatologic diseases recorded were immunoallergic dermatoses (39.7%) and infectious skin diseases (22.6%). Two-thirds (481/711; 66.7%) of the patients had practiced self-medication before consultation in dermatology units. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with self-medication were female sex (aOR = 1.44; 95% CI =[1.01, 2.05]), duration of dermatologic disease more than one year (aOR = 1.79; IC =[1.19, 2.68]), adnexal dermatoses (aOR = 2.31; 95% IC =[1.03–5.21]), keratinization disorders (aOR = 4.23; 95% CI =[1.36–13.13]), and fungal skin infections (aOR = 5.43; 95% CI =[2.20, 13.38]).Conclusion. Our study confirms that self-medication practice is very common among patients with dermatologic diseases in Lomé and has identified associated factors.

scholarly journals Factors associated with preventable infant death: a multiple logistic regression

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Maria Cunha Vidal e Silva ◽  
Rogério Antonio Tuon ◽  
Livia Fernandes Probst ◽  
Brunna Verna Castro Gondinho ◽  
Antonio Carlos Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Systematic Sample ◽  
First Year Of Life

OBJECTIVE: To identify and analyze factors associated with preventable child deaths. METHODS: This analytical cross-sectional study had preventable child mortality as dependent variable. From a population of 34,284 live births, we have selected a systematic sample of 4,402 children who did not die compared to 272 children who died from preventable causes during the period studied. The independent variables were analyzed in four hierarchical blocks: sociodemographic factors, the characteristics of the mother, prenatal and delivery care, and health conditions of the patient and neonatal care. We performed a descriptive statistical analysis and estimated multiple hierarchical logistic regression models. RESULTS: Approximatelly 35.3% of the deaths could have been prevented with the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases during pregnancy and 26.8% of them could have been prevented with better care conditions for pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: The following characteristics of the mother are determinant for the higher mortality of children before the first year of life: living in neighborhoods with an average family income lower than four minimum wages, being aged ≤ 19 years, having one or more alive children, having a child with low APGAR level at the fifth minute of life, and having a child with low birth weight.

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