scholarly journals Lack of association between vitamin D insufficiency and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infection 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Davoudi ◽  
Narges Najafi ◽  
Mohsen arabi ◽  
Atefe Tayebi ◽  
Roja Nikaeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

Abstract Background A protective effect of vitamin D against COVID-19 is under investigation. We aimed to analyze the effect of vitamin D sufficiency on clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods In this retrospective study we analyzed the vitamin D levels of COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Razi Hospital (an infectious disease referral center in Mazandaran province in north of Iran) from February to March 2020. Overall, a cutoff point of 30 ng/mL was used for the definition of vitamin D sufficiency. Results 153 patients were analyzed in this study who had laboratory documentation of a 25(OH) D level at the time of hospitalization. In total, 62.7% (n-=96) of the patients had a 25(OH) D level of less than 30 ng/mL and 37.25% (n = 57) had a 25(OH) D level of more than 30 ng/mL. In total, 49% (n = 75) of the patients suffered from at least one underlying disease. Vitamin D sufficiency was not associated with a statistically significant lower risk of adverse clinical outcomes of COVID-19 such as duration of hospitalization, lung involvement, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, invasive and non-invasive ventilation, the severity of disease or death. Conclusions Sufficient vitamin D levels were not found to be protective against adverse clinical outcomes in patients infected with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Lack of association between vitamin D insufficiency and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Davoudi ◽  
Narges Najafi ◽  
Mohsen Aarabi ◽  
Atefeh Tayebi ◽  
Roja Nikaeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Background A protective effect of vitamin D against COVID-19 infection is under investigation. We aimed to analyze the effect of vitamin D sufficiency on the clinical outcomes of patients infected with COVID-19. Methods In this cross-sectional study we analyzed the vitamin D levels of COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Razi Hospital (an infectious disease referral center in Mazandaran province in northern Iran) from February to March 2020. Overall, a cutoff point of 30 ng/mL was used for the definition of vitamin D sufficiency. Results One hundred fifty-three patients were analyzed in this study who had laboratory documentation of a 25(OH) D level at the time of hospitalization. The vitamin D levels of the patients were 27.19 ± 20.17 ng/mL. In total, 62.7% (n = 96) of the patients had a 25(OH) D level of less than 30 ng/mL and 37.25% (n = 57) had a 25(OH) D level of more than 30 ng/mL. In total, 49% (n = 75) of the patients suffered from at least one underlying disease. The univariate and multivariable regression showed that vitamin D sufficiency was not associated with a statistically significant lower risk of adverse clinical outcomes of COVID-19 such as duration of hospitalization and severity of infection (P > 0.05). Conclusions Sufficient vitamin D levels were not found to be protective against adverse clinical outcomes in patients infected with COVID-19. Chronic disorders in COVID-19 patients were found to have greater relevance than vitamin D levels in determining the adverse outcomes of the infection. Further studies are needed to determine the role of vitamin D level in predicting the outcomes of COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Is Vitamin D Insufficiency Associated with Mortality of Critically Ill Patients?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulbin Aygencel ◽  
Melda Turkoglu ◽  
Ayse Fitnat Tuncel ◽  
Burcu Arslan Candır ◽  
Yelda Deligoz Bildacı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Median Serum ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

Objective. To evaluate the vitamin D status of our critically ill patients and its relevance to mortality.Patients and Methods. We performed a prospective observational study in the medical intensive care unit of a university hospital between October 2009 and March 2011. Vitamin D levels were measured and insufficiency was defined as <20 ng/mL.Results. Two hundred and one patients were included in the study. The median age was 66 (56–77) and the majority of patients were male (56%). The median serum level of vitamin D was 14,9 ng/mL and 139 (69%) patients were vitamin D insufficient on admission. While we grouped the ICU patients as vitamin D insufficient and sufficient, vitamin D insufficient patients had more severe acute diseases and worse laboratory values on admission. These patients had more morbidities and were exposed to more invasive therapies during stay. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the vitamin D insufficient group compared to the vitamin D sufficient group (43% versus 26%,P=0,027). However, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that vitamin D insufficiency was not an independent risk factor for mortality.Conclusion. Vitamin D insufficiency is common in our critically ill patients (69%), but it is not an independent risk factor for mortality.

scholarly journals A retrospective observational study of vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside and Glossop early intervention in psychosis team

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S263-S263
Author(s):  
Emily Kaye ◽  
Pete Parker ◽  
Thomas Fyall ◽  
Katie Arrowsmith ◽  
Holly Hark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin ◽  
Early Intervention In Psychosis ◽  
The Relationship

AimsGrowing evidence indicates that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with psychotic symptoms. Although evidence suggesting a causal relationship is limited, theories regarding neuro-inflammatory modulation are promising. Alternatively, deficiency may signify chronic illness or poor functioning. Nevertheless, Vitamin D levels below 50nmol/L increase the risk of osteoporosis, muscle weakness, falls and fractures, thus identification and treatment are important.The association between Vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside Early Intervention in Psychosis Team (EIT) was studied, hypothesising a strong correlation.MethodThe records of all patients in the EIT as of 01/07/2020, over the age of 16 years old (n = 183), were studied. The first Vitamin D level taken while under the EIT and the CGI scores closest to the date of this level were recorded. Vitamin D levels of 25nmol/L and under were classified as deficient, levels of 25.1 - 50nmol/L were insufficient.Result45.90% (n = 84) of patients did not have their levels recorded. Of the 55% (n = 99) patients who had Vitamin D levels recorded, 49.50% (n = 49) were insufficient and 22.22% (n = 22) were deficient. Therefore, only 28.28% (n = 28) had either optimal or sufficient Vitamin D levels. The majority of Vitamin D levels were taken in Autumn (36.46% n = 36).75.76% (n = 75) of patients had both vitamin D levels and CGI scores recorded, with an average of 35.65 days between date level and score recorded. A weak negative correlation between overall CGI scores and vitamin D level was calculated, producing Spearman R Correlation Coefficient of -0.15.ConclusionAlmost 3/4 of the studied patients being assessed for psychotic symptoms had either insufficient or deficient levels of Vitamin D. The correlation between symptom severity and Vitamin D level was weak however. While we cannot comment on the causality of the relationship, it appears that there is an association between our studied patient group and Vitamin D insufficiency.The evidence to suggest that supplementation can reduce psychotic symptoms is limited however, supplementation can reduce the risk of osteoporosis and falls, therefore would improve patient care. Only 55% of the patients within the EIT had their Vitamin D levels tested. As a result of this study, the authors recommend that all patients in the EIT have their Vitamin D levels tested as part of their psychosis assessment.The study is limited due to low numbers of patients studied and the fact that recorded CGI scores were often recorded at a later date to Vitamin D levels.

scholarly journals Implications of Vitamin D Levels in COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality

2020 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Niki Sadat Afjeh ◽  
Nahal Emami Fard ◽  
Paniz Poursharif
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
T Regulatory Cell ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
One Year

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone known for maintaining bone health. Vitamin D deficiency is a 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum concentration below 25 nmol/L. In contrast, vitamin D insufficiency occurs at levels below 75 nmol/L. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency affect 70% and 30% of the US population, respectively. Emerging evidence associates optimal vitamin D levels with better clinical outcomes in COVID-19. This literature review analyzed three preliminary articles that explored associations between vitamin D levels, COVID-19 mortality, and risk of adverse clinical outcomes in adult hospitalized patients. Google Scholar was used to find studies that diagnosed COVID-19 with reverse transcription (RT-PCR). In a cross-sectional analysis, Maghbooli et al. (2020) reported that vitamin D sufficient patients had a significantly lower chance (9.7%, n=77, p=0.01) of severe COVID-19 complications than deficient patients (32.8%, n=158, p=0.01). This study is under review for diagnosis accuracy and sample size. A retrospective cohort study by Raharusun et al. (2020), which included active and expired cases (n=780), found that 98.9% (p<0.001) of vitamin D deficient COVID-19 patients and 88% (p<0.001) with insufficiency died, but only 4% of sufficient individuals died. Lastly, a retroactive cohort study by Meltzer et al. (2020) reported higher rates of COVID-19 infection, 21.6% (95% CI, 14.0-29.2%), in vitamin D deficient groups (n=172), compared to 12.2% (95% CI, 8.5-15.4%) in sufficient groups (n=327). The 25(OH)D levels were measured within one year of COVID-19 testing. All studies controlled for age, sex, and comorbidities, while the first controlled for BMI and smoking, and the third controlled for race. Vitamin D sufficiency may activate the innate and adaptive immune systems, leading to an antiviral response. Receptor binding of vitamin D on neutrophils and macrophages stimulates cathelicidin expression, an antibacterial peptide. Macrophage and T-regulatory cell quantities also increase. These results reveal the need for randomized controlled studies of vitamin D sufficiency as a potential mitigator in COVID-19 outcomes.

scholarly journals An audit of vitamin D monitoring and management of deficiency in women's secure services

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S12-S12
Author(s):  
Claire Bustin ◽  
Shay-Anne Pantall ◽  
Jeremy Rampling
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

AimsTo audit the investigation, identification and treatment of vitamin D deficiency within Women's Secure Services.BackgroundIt has been suggested that vitamin D and vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric illness. There is evidence that vitamin D inadequacy is prevalent among patients in long-term hospital settings. Patients within secure hospitals are considered to be at high risk due to their often lengthy admissions, having been transferred from other hospital or prison settings. Ardenleigh in Birmingham is a blended female secure unit. Here we present the findings of an audit, completed in 2019, of vitamin D monitoring and treatment in this service.MethodA retrospective review of electronic patient records, for all inpatients admitted within women's secure services at Ardenleigh as of 1st September 2019 (n = 27). Standards were based on the Trust accepted guidelines for management of vitamin D deficiency.ResultKey findings included:-The majority of inpatients were Caucasian (44%) and African-Caribbean (41%). Median age was 31 years (range 20–56).Approximately two-thirds (60%) had been in hospital for over a year.89% of patients had their vitamin D level checked at some point during admission.Of those checked, 25% were tested within 1 week of admission. Seven patients were tested after being in hospital for over one year (30%).Only 25% of patients tested were found to have adequate vitamin D levels. Nine patients were found to have insufficient levels of vitamin D (37.5%) or deficiency (37.5%).89% of those identified as requiring treatment were prescribed supplementation, of which the majority was prescribed at the correct dose for the appropriate duration (94%). One patient refused treatment. Of those with sufficient levels, 67% were prescribed ongoing maintenance treatment due to previously detected deficiency.Of those found to have sufficient vitamin D in the last 12 months (n = 14), 71% were continued on maintenance treatment.ConclusionWe identified a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in women admitted to secure services. Testing was delayed for a number of patients from the point of admission. However, once identified, the vast majority of those in need of treatment were managed appropriately by the medical team. We advise that vitamin D be considered an essential routine blood test at the point of admission to minimise delays in identifying those with deficiency and establishing necessary supplementation.

scholarly journals Vitamin D levels in pregnant women in Uttarakhand, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Nikita Pahuja ◽  
Nidhi Chauhan ◽  
Vinita Kalra
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

Background: A balanced, nutritious diet is an important aspect of a healthy pregnancy and its outcome. Vitamin D plays an important role in regular bone growth and in adequate function of innate immune system, including barrier function of mucous membrane. Vitamin D deficiency in adult females may increase risk of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, bacterial vaginosis. The present study was undertaken to find the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in the women of Uttarakhand, India.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Swami Ram Nagar, Dehradun, India over a period of 12 months. Sample size was 100 pregnant females attending antenatal clinic.Results: Out of 100 subjects, 21 (21%) had deficient, 69 (69%) had insufficient and 10 (10%) had sufficient vitamin D status. Out of 21 deficient subjects, 18 (85.71%) were Hindus, 2 (9.52%) were Muslims, 1 (4.76%) was Sikh and no deficiency was seen in Christian. In the present study, deficient vitamin D status was seen in 1 (4.76%) in lower, 16 (76.19%) in middle and 4 (19.04%) subjects in upper socioeconomic status.Conclusions: It is concluded from our study that there is serious vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in the women of Uttarakhand, India.

scholarly journals Role of pregnancy and obesity on vitamin D status, transport, and metabolism in baboons

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (1) ◽  
pp. E63-E72
Author(s):  
Eugenia Mata-Greenwood ◽  
Hillary F. Huber ◽  
Cun Li ◽  
Peter W. Nathanielsz
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Liver

Human studies show that obesity is associated with vitamin D insufficiency, which contributes to obesity-related disorders. Our aim was to elucidate the regulation of vitamin D during pregnancy and obesity in a nonhuman primate species. We studied lean and obese nonpregnant and pregnant baboons. Plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-D) and 1α,25-(OH)2-D metabolites were analyzed using ELISA. Vitamin D-related gene expression was studied in maternal kidney, liver, subcutaneous fat, and placental tissue using real-time PCR and immunoblotting. Pregnancy was associated with an increase in plasma bioactive vitamin D levels compared with nonpregnant baboons in both lean and obese groups. Pregnant baboons had lower renal 24-hydroxylase CYP24A1 protein and chromatin-bound vitamin D receptor (VDR) than nonpregnant baboons. In contrast, pregnancy upregulated the expression of CYP24A1 and VDR in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Obesity decreased vitamin D status in pregnant baboons (162 ± 17 vs. 235 ± 28 nM for 25-OH-D, 671 ± 12 vs. 710 ± 10 pM for 1α,25-(OH)2-D; obese vs. lean pregnant baboons, P < 0.05). Lower vitamin D status correlated with decreased maternal renal expression of the vitamin D transporter cubulin and the 1α-hydroxylase CYP27B1. Maternal obesity also induced placental downregulation of the transporter megalin (LRP2), CYP27B1, the 25-hydroxylase CYP2J2, and VDR. We conclude that baboons represent a novel species to evaluate vitamin D regulation. Both pregnancy and obesity altered vitamin D status. Obesity-induced downregulation of vitamin D transport and bioactivation genes are novel mechanisms of obesity-induced vitamin D regulation.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of a mushroom-derived food ingredient on vitamin D levels in healthy volunteers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Marques Pinto ◽  
Viviane Merzbach ◽  
Ashley G. B. Willmott ◽  
Jose Antonio ◽  
Justin Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency has been noted in athletic populations, although less is known about recreationally active individuals. Biofortification of natural food sources (e.g. UV radiated mushrooms) may support vitamin D status and is therefore of current scientific and commercial interest. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a mushroom-derived food ingredient on vitamin D status in recreationally active, healthy volunteers. Methods Twenty-eight participants were randomly assigned to either: 25 μg (1000 IU) encapsulated natural mushroom-derived vitamin D2; matched-dose encapsulated vitamin D3 or placebo (PL) for 12 weeks. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, week 6 and 12 for analysis of serum 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Habitual dietary intake and activity were monitored across the intervention. Results Vitamin D status (25(OH)DTOTAL) was significantly increased with vitamin D3 supplementation from 46.1 ± 5.3 nmol·L− 1 to 88.0 ± 8.6 nmol·L− 1 (p < 0.0001) across the intervention, coupled with an expected rise in 25(OH)D3 concentrations from 38.8 ± 5.2 nmol·L− 1 to 82.0 ± 7.9 nmol·L− 1 (p < 0.0001). In contrast, D2 supplementation increased 25(OH)D2 by + 347% (7.0 ± 1.1 nmol·L− 1 to 31.4 ± 2.1 nmol·L− 1, p < 0.0001), but resulted in a − 42% reduction in 25(OH)D3 by week 6 (p = 0.001). A net + 14% increase in 25(OH)DTOTAL was established with D2 supplementation by week 12 (p > 0.05), which was not statistically different to D3. Vitamin D status was maintained with PL, following an initial − 15% reduction by week 6 (p ≤ 0.046 compared to both supplement groups). Conclusions The use of a UV radiated mushroom food ingredient was effective in maintaining 25(OH)DTOTAL in healthy, recreationally active volunteers. This may offer an adjunct strategy in supporting vitamin D intake. However, consistent with the literature, the use of vitamin D3 supplementation likely offers benefits when acute elevation in vitamin D status is warranted.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of vitamin D and lung function in patients with asthma

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Liu ◽  
Yong-Quan Dong ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Jian Yao ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

Abstract Background There is growing literature suggesting a link between vitamin D and asthma lung function, but the results from systematic reviews are conflicting. We conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the relation between serum vitamin D and lung function in asthma patients. Methods Major databases, including OVID, MEDLINE, Web of Science and PUBMED, were searched until 10th October 2018. All published observational studies related to vitamin D and asthma were extracted. All meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3.5. Results This quantitative synthesis found that asthma patients with low vitamin D levels had lower forced expiratory volume In 1 s (FEV1) (mean difference (MD) = − 0.1, 95% CI = − 0.11 to − 0.08,p < 0.01;I2 = 49%, p = 0.12) and FEV1% (MD = − 10.02, 95% CI = − 11 to − 9.04, p < 0.01; I2 = 0%, p = 0.82) than those with sufficient vitamin D levels. A positive relation was found between vitamin D and FEV1 (r = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.2, p = 0.003; I2 = 59%,p = 0.01), FEV1% (r = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.26, p < 0.001; I2 = 42%, p = 0.11), forced vital capacity (FVC) (r = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.00 to 0.34, p = 0.05; I2 = 60%, p = 0.04), FEV1/FVC (r = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.3 to 0.51, p < 0.001; I2 = 48%, p = 0.07), and the asthma control test (ACT) (r = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.2 to 0.47, p < 0.001; I2 = 0%, p = 0.7). Subgroup analysis indicated that the positive correlation between vitamin D and lung function remained significant in both children and adults. Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggested that serum vitamin D levels may be positively correlated with lung function in asthma patients. Future comprehensive studies are required to confirm these relations and to elucidate potential mechanisms.

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