scholarly journals Salinity Depression in Vitro Impress the Growth Potential and, Mediates the Antioxidants Pool and the Tolerance Genes Expression of Grapevine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aazami ◽  
Mohammad Hassanpouraghdam
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Expression Rate ◽  
Growth Development

Abstract Undoubtedly, salinity is the major environmental stress affecting the crops growth, development and yield. Grapevine is a dominant horticulture crop and mildly sensitive to the salinity. Salinity triggers variations at the cellular and molecular levels and hence induces some specific genes expression. The responses of two grapevine cultivars (Fakhri and Sultanin) were evaluated for its tolerance to the salinity stress in vitro. The results for the explants exposed to the salinity revealed that the viability, fresh weight of the regenerated explant and the proliferation rate were declined compared to the control ones. The activity of SOD enzyme and MDA content were increased with salinity. However, protein content declined. There was no significant difference in CAT and APX activities with the salinity treatment. With salinity adding up, the DREB/CBFs genes expression pattern was significantly increased in both cultivars. ‘Fakhri’ was more responsive in growth parameters and the activity of antioxidant enzymes and higher expression rate of DREB/CBFs under salinity compared to the variety ‘Sultanin’.

scholarly journals تأثير تراكيز مختلفة من السكر في بيئة زراعة الأنسجه على نمو نبات الورد صنف ساره (Sara)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
محي الدين جمعة عبد الله
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Branches

The effect of adding different sugar concentrations of five treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) on rose growth CV Sarah in vitro was carried out in the Sudan University Laboratories. Data were collected for plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, and fresh weight. Statistical analysis was conducted using a completely randomized design, to find the least significant difference to compare between treatment means for MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium. Data analysis showed that the application of sugar at concentrations of 15, 30, and 45gms gave the highest means for the different growth parameters and fresh weight at a significant level, whereas the addition of sugar at 60gms concentration and sugar-free gave no significant increases. This showed clearly that addition of sugar was essential for plant growth, greater concentrations gaviz 60gm negative results, Addition of sugar at the above-mentioned concentration from 15mg,45gm to parameters studied the growth media in vitro gave a positive increase in rose growth.

scholarly journals In Vitro Effects of Different Combinations of Phytohormones on Callus Induction from Different Explants of Cabbage Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata L. Seedlings

2021 ◽  
pp. 3476-3486
Author(s):  
Alaa. M. Hasan ◽  
Ekhlas. A.J. ElKaaby ◽  
Rakad. M.Kh. AL-Jumaily
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Superior Result ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Vitro Effects

    The leading purpose of this work is the development of efficient culture conditions to induce calli from cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) under in vitro conditions. The mature seeds were surface sterilized with combinations of different concentrations of ethanol and NaOCl in different time durations and  were germinated on MS basal medium. The results revealed that the best sterilization method of cabbage seeds was by using 70% ethanol for one minute, followed by 15 min in 2% (NaOCl). Seedlings were used as donor sources for hypocotyls, cotyledon leaves, true leaves, and shoot tip explants. These explants were cultured on different combinations of cytokinins (TDZ, BAP, Ad) and auxins (IAA, NAA, 2, 4-D) then implanted in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. 4 weeks after culturing, a significant difference was found among the explants in response to plant hormones. The maximum percentage of callus induction (100%) was using the combinations of 1 BAP + 1 2, 4-D, 1 BAP + 1 NAA, and 1 BAP + 2 2,4-D mg. l-1. In addition, explants responses varied and the hypocotyls showed a superior result (85.71 %) as compared to other explants. For callus fresh weight, the combination of 0.22 TDZ + 79.9 Ad mg. l-1    had a significant effect, causing the highest fresh weight (0.2745g), while control treatment gave the lowest mean of 0.0066 g. Data showed that cotyledon explants were significantly superior in giving highest callus fresh weight with the mean of 0.1723 g. On the other hand, hypocotyl explants gave the lowest mean, reaching 0.1542 g.

scholarly journals Optimizing Carbon Dioxide and Light Levels during in Vitro Culture of Theobroma cacao

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Figueira ◽  
Jules Janick
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ethylene Concentration ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In vitro culture of axillary cotyledonary shoots of Theobroma cacao L. (cacao) under increasing CO2 concentration from ambient to 24,000 ppm (culture tube levels) significantly increased total shoot elongation, number of leaves, leaf area per explant, and shoot dry and fresh weight. Although light was necessary for the CO2 response, the effect of various photon fluxes was not significant for the measured growth parameters. Net photosynthesis estimated on the basis of CO2 depletion in culture tubes increased 3.5 times from 463 to 2639 ppm CO2, and increased 1.5 times from 2639 to 14,849 ppm CO2, but declined from 14,849 to 24,015 ppm CO2. Ethylene concentration in culture vessels increased under enriched CO2 conditions. Depletion of nutrients (fructose, K, Ca, Mg, and P) from the medium was increased under enriched CO2 conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Genotype, Benzylaminopurine and Sucrose Concentration on Microtuberization of Layered Shoots of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) through Meristem Culture

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 755A-755
Author(s):  
Leila Farhadi* ◽  
Cyrus Abdmishani ◽  
Shahram Ahmadian ◽  
Majid Foolad
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tuber Fresh Weight ◽  
Hormonal Balance ◽  
Genotype Interaction ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of this study was to assess the suitable hormonal balance on potato microtuberization from the plantlets which had been in heat therapy condition before culturing the meristem. The effects of different levels of BAP and sucrose concentration were studied 16 weeks after the last culture in two genotypes. Explants from meristem were propagated in vitro in several stages and then subcultured with MS medium containing the combination of BAP (three levels) and sucrose (three levels). Then they were transferred to a completely dark incubation room at 22 °C. In vitro tuber formation was analyzed 16 weeks later. Traits which studied were: length, diameter, fresh weight and number of micro tubers. There was no significant difference among the genotypes for all the traits. The micro tuber number was significantly different among the levels of BAP concentration and the BAP and sucrose interaction was significant for the diameter. The micro tuber fresh weight and diameter were highly significant for the sucrose levels. The sucrose and genotype interaction for micro tuber length; sucrose and BAP interaction for micro tuber length and diameter were significant. Also the genotype, BAP and sucrose interaction was significant for the micro tuber fresh weight.

scholarly journals A possible Injectable Tissue Engineered Nucleus Pulposus constructed with platelet-rich plasma and ADSCs in Vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhicheng Zhang ◽  
Jian Ma ◽  
Dajiang Ren ◽  
Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Adipose Derived Stromal Cells ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Safranin O ◽  
Collagen Genes ◽  
Prp Gel

Abstract Background: Injectable tissue engineered nucleus pulposus is a new idea for minimally invasive repair for degenerative intervertebral disc. The platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and adipose derived stromal cells(ADSCs) could be harvested from autologous tissue easily. PRP has mixed autologous growth factors and fibrous reticulate structure which may have the potential to make ADSCs differentiated into nucleus pulposus-like cells. The goal of this study was to explore the feasibility of constructing a possible injectable tissue engineered nucleus pulposus with PRP gel scaffold and ADSCs. Methods: After the rabbit ADSCs were identified with flow cytometry, the ADSCs were seeded into PRP gel and cultured in vitro. At the 2nd, 4th and 8th week, the PRP gel/ADSCs complex was observed by macroscopy, histological staining, BrdU immunofluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. The glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in the PRP gel/ADSCs complex were measured by safranin O staining with spectrophotometry. PRP gel/ADSCs complex genes expression of HIF-1α, Aggrecan, Type Ⅱ collagen were detected by RT-PCR. The injectability of this complex was tested. Results: Macroscopically, the complex was solidified into gel with smooth surface and good elasticity. The safranin O staining confirmed almost no positive staining at 2nd week, however, the positive staining of extracellular matrix was enhanced obviously at 4th, 8th week. The HE staining and SEM demonstrated that the cells were well-distributed in the reticulate scaffold. BrdU immunofluorescence showed that ADSCs can survive and proliferate in PRP gel at each time points. The level of GAG at 4th week was higher than those at 2nd week (P<0.05), and significant difference was also noted between 4th and 8th week (P<0.05). HIF-1α, Aggrecan, Type Ⅱ collagen genes expression at 4th week were much more than those at 2nd week (P<0.05), and significant differences were also noted between 4th and 8th week (P<0.05). The flow rate of complex was 0.287 mL/min when passed through the 19-gauge needle with the 100mmHg pressure. Conclusions: The PRP gel made it possible for rabbit ADSCs differentiated into nucleus pulposus-like cells after mixed culture in vitro. Maybe, it is a better feasible method for construction of autologous injectable tissue engineered nucleus pulposus.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SALINITY ON GROWTH AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTENT OF CARROT (Daucus carota L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Safwan Shiyab ◽  
Bassam Al-Qarallah ◽  
Muhanad Akash
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Elevated Salinity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Shoot Weight

Carrot production of valuable carotenes, carbohydrate and protein are hindered by elevated salinity levels in many parts of the world. To assess this problem, germination and growth of two carrot cultivars (Daucus carota cvs Jordan and Napoli) were studied in vivo and in vitro under different salt stress concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl). Seeds were directly or gradually exposed to these salt concentrations. With elevated salinity levels, significant reductions in growth parameters (dry shoot weight, fresh shoot weight, shoot length, root length, and root number) were observed. Also, significant difference in germination percentage was observed at 150 mM NaCl in both cultivars when compared with control treatment (90% germination percentage in Napoli and 71% in Jordan cultivar). Growth rate, tolerant index, and relative water content (RWC) declined as salinity increased. The 150 mM NaCl salinity treatment significantly reduced the shoot chlorophyll and protein content, but increased carbohydrate content. Lesser impairment by the gradual exposure of seedling to salinity provides an opportunity to study the acquirement of salt tolerance.

AB0126 EXPRESSION CHARACTERISTICS OF ADENOSINE DEAMINASES ACTING ON RNA-1 IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH SERUM IFN-Α

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1363-1364
Author(s):  
X. Di ◽  
F. Gao ◽  
C. Gao ◽  
C. Zhang ◽  
W. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Rna Editing ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Expression Rate

Background:SLE is a multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by the production of multiple autoantibodies and loss of immunity against autoantigens in various tissues. SLE patients have significantly elevated RNA editing levels and the potential to produce new autoantigens.1ADAR1 is an RNA A-I editing enzyme that converts adenine to hypoxanthine and contributes to SLE pathogenesis.2Objectives:Dama demonstrated the upregulation of ADAR1p150 expression in SLE T cells, B cells, PBMCs, and NK cells;3however, the following issues were not reported in detail: 1. specific alterations in ADAR1 expression in PBMCs collected from SLE patients with varying degrees of the disease and its correlation with serum IFN-α levels; 2. association between ADAR1 and clinical indicators; and 3. ADAR1 expression in renal tissue of LN patients. Our study therefore aimed to elucidate the abovementioned points.Methods:We used qRT-PCR to determine ADAR1 expression levels in PBMCs and renal tissues of controls and SLE patients. We also conducted immunohistochemical studies to detect positive ADAR1 expression rate in renal cells of controls and LN patients.Results:ADAR1 expression was higher in PBMCs of SLE patients than in those of controls and was positively correlated with SLEDAI. When serum IFN-α levels in SLE patients decreased <260.0 pg/mL, ADAR1 expression in PBMCs increased with the increase in IFN-α concentration, and serum IFN-α may regulate ADAR1 level in PBMC in SLE patients, which may require the participation of serum IgG antibody and related immune complex. However, there was no significant difference between the expression in renal tissues in all patients.Conclusion:There was a certain correlation between ADAR1 expression and serum IFN-α levels in PBMCs of SLE patients.References:[1]Roth SH, Danan-Gotthold M, Ben-Izhak M, et al. Increased RNA Editing May Provide a Source for Autoantigens in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Cell Rep2018; 23: 50-57.[2]Hogg M, Paro S, Keegan LP and O’Connell MA. RNA editing by mammalian ADARs.Adv Genet2011; 73: 87-120.[3]Laxminarayana D, Khan IU, O’Rourke KS and Giri B. Induction of 150-kDa adenosine deaminase that acts on RNA (ADAR)-1 gene expression in normal T lymphocytes by anti-CD3-epsilon and anti-CD28.Immunology2007; 122: 623-633.Figure 1.Analysis of ADAR1 expression levels. a. The ADAR1 expression in PBMCs was higher in SLE patients (n=30) than in healthy controls (n = 30) (p<0.05). b. SLE patients were divided into three groups: NSLE (SLEDAI 0–4, n = 6), LSLE (SLEDAI 5–9, n = 12), and SSLE (SLEDAI ≥10, n = 12) according to SLEDAI score. c. Based on the effect of the disease on the kidneys, the patients were divided into the SLE#group (#:SLE patient group without the kidney involved, n = 17) and LN group (lupus nephritis group, n = 13). d. There was no significant difference observed between the renal tissues of controls (n = 5) and LN patients (n = 10) (p>0.05).Figure 2.a. Immunohistochemical image of renal tissues from the two groups (200×). b. There was no significant difference in the ADAR1 cell positive rate between controls (n = 5), LN patients(n = 20), and different pathological subgroups (class III, n = 5; class IV, n = 5; class V, n = 5; class III+IV, n = 5) (p>0.05). c. The positive expression rate of ADAR1 in renal tubular cells was higher than that in glomerular cells both in the two groups (p<0.05).Figure 3.a. Correlation between ADAR1 and serum IFN-α levels in PBMCs of SLE patients. b. Correlation between ADAR1p150 and serum IFN-α levels in PBMCs of SLE patients.Figure 4.In vitroPBMCs assay. a. Western blot (WB) analysis of ADAR1p150 and ADAR1p110 in PBMCs using different concentrations of IFN-α, combined with 1.5 mg/mL IgG purified from the serum of SLE patients or without it, and cultured for 24 hours. b. The line graph depicts the trend of ADAR1, ADAR1p150, and ADAR1p110 expression with increase in IFN-α concentrationin vitroPBMCs co-cultured with serum IgG from SLE patients.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Tribulus terrestris with IAA and BAP Concentrations

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Samanhudi Samanhudi ◽  
Ahmad Yunus ◽  
Rahmanto Rahmanto
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Emergence Time ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Shoot Emergence

<p><em>Tribulus terrestris</em> is conventionally propagated using seeds but has limited germination capacity. One approach that can be done for this plant multiplication is in vitro tissue culture. This study was conducted to determine the growth potential of <em>T. terrestris</em> in vitro by the addition of auxin (IAA) and cytokinin (BAP) as growth regulators at several concentrations. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta from February to December 2017. The experiment employed factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 2 factors, namely IAA concentration (0 ppm, 0.1 ppm, 0.2 ppm, 0.3 ppm), and BAP concentration (0 ppm, 0.3 ppm, 0.5 ppm, 0.7 ppm). The observed growth parameters were shoot emergence time, leaf emergence time, root emergence time, number of leaves, and number of roots. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by DMRT with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the addition of IAA only affects leaf emergence time, while the addition of BAP had a significant effect on the leaf emergence time and number of leaves. The interactions between IAA and BAP had a significant effect on leaf emergence time.</p><p> </p><p align="left">Keywords: explant; plant growth; tissue culture.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of the Green Synthesized rGO and Mg/rGO Nanocomposites Using High Molecular Weight Polyphenols of Rosa Canina Fruit and Investigation of Their Effects on Phytochemical Assay and Toxicity in Organ Culture of Mentha Longifolia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Jafarirad ◽  
Morteza Kosari‑Nasab ◽  
Monireh Aminpour ◽  
Zahra Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mentha Longifolia

Abstract Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Mg/rGO nanocomposites (NCs) were prepared by an eco-friendly technique using high molecular weight polyphenols of Rosa canina fruit. Physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity to Mentha longifolia in vitro cultures of these nanomaterials were examined by using XRD, FESEM, EDX, FTIR, DLS/Zeta potential, UV–Visible and GC-MS techniques. The characterization techniques confirmed the synthesis of rGO and Mg/rGO NCs with particle sizes less than 20 nm (based on FESEM). In accordance to the biological measurements, rGO showed in vitro cytotoxicity to M. longifolia shoot cultures. Mg/rGO NCs showed no significant difference in the growth parameters except for a decrease in the soot number at the concentrations of 50 and 150 mg/L and a decrease in the length of the tallest root at the concentrations of 100 and 150 mg/L, however, efficiently improved the photosynthetic pigment contents. The phytochemical assay depicted that the total content of volatile compounds was increased in the treated cultures with 25, 50, and 100 mg/L of rGO and Mg/rGO NCs in comparison to the control. Generally, the more oxygenated and hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes was observed in the cultures treated with 25 and 100 mg/L of rGO and 25 and 50 mg/L of Mg/rGO NCs.

Evaluation of Azadirachtin on Arthrospira plantensis Gomont growth parameters and antioxidant enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Hatice Tunca ◽  
Ali Doğru ◽  
Feray Köçkar ◽  
Burçin Önem ◽  
Tuğba Ongun Sevindik
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Pesticide Pollution ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Mda Content

Azadirachtin (Aza) used as insecticide due to inhibiting growth of insects and preventing them from feeding on plants. To understand the effects of contamination of this insecticide on phototrophs, and to determine the responses of these organisms against these insecticides are extremely important in understanding how the ecosystem is affected. In this study, chlorophyll-a amount, OD 560 and antioxidant parameters (total SOD, APX, GR, Proline, MDA and H2O2) were determined in order to understand the effect of Aza on Arthrospira platensis Gomont. Aza was applied between 0–20 μg mL−1 concentrations for 7 days in the study. Enzyme analysis was conducted at the end of the 7th day. There was a statistically significant decrease in the absorbance of OD560 and the chlorophyll-a content in A. platensis cultures exposed to the Aza (0–20 μg mL−1) during 7 days due to the increase in pesticide levels. SOD activity decreased at 8, 16 and 20 μg mL−1 concentrations; GR enzyme activity showed a significant decrease compared to the control at a concentration of 20 μg mL−1. APX activity did not change significantly compared to control. The MDA content increased significantly at 16 and 20 μg mL−1 concentrations. The H2O2 content significantly increased at 12, 16 and 20 μg mL−1 concentrations (p < 0.05) while the free proline content decreased at 4 μg mL−1 concentration (p < 0.05). As a result, regarding the Aza concentrations used in this study may be a step to prevent pesticide pollution in the environment.

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