scholarly journals Effects of Genotype, Benzylaminopurine and Sucrose Concentration on Microtuberization of Layered Shoots of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) through Meristem Culture

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 755A-755
Author(s):  
Leila Farhadi* ◽  
Cyrus Abdmishani ◽  
Shahram Ahmadian ◽  
Majid Foolad
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tuber Fresh Weight ◽  
Hormonal Balance ◽  
Genotype Interaction ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of this study was to assess the suitable hormonal balance on potato microtuberization from the plantlets which had been in heat therapy condition before culturing the meristem. The effects of different levels of BAP and sucrose concentration were studied 16 weeks after the last culture in two genotypes. Explants from meristem were propagated in vitro in several stages and then subcultured with MS medium containing the combination of BAP (three levels) and sucrose (three levels). Then they were transferred to a completely dark incubation room at 22 °C. In vitro tuber formation was analyzed 16 weeks later. Traits which studied were: length, diameter, fresh weight and number of micro tubers. There was no significant difference among the genotypes for all the traits. The micro tuber number was significantly different among the levels of BAP concentration and the BAP and sucrose interaction was significant for the diameter. The micro tuber fresh weight and diameter were highly significant for the sucrose levels. The sucrose and genotype interaction for micro tuber length; sucrose and BAP interaction for micro tuber length and diameter were significant. Also the genotype, BAP and sucrose interaction was significant for the micro tuber fresh weight.

scholarly journals In Vitro Effects of Different Combinations of Phytohormones on Callus Induction from Different Explants of Cabbage Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata L. Seedlings

2021 ◽  
pp. 3476-3486
Author(s):  
Alaa. M. Hasan ◽  
Ekhlas. A.J. ElKaaby ◽  
Rakad. M.Kh. AL-Jumaily
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Superior Result ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Vitro Effects

    The leading purpose of this work is the development of efficient culture conditions to induce calli from cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) under in vitro conditions. The mature seeds were surface sterilized with combinations of different concentrations of ethanol and NaOCl in different time durations and  were germinated on MS basal medium. The results revealed that the best sterilization method of cabbage seeds was by using 70% ethanol for one minute, followed by 15 min in 2% (NaOCl). Seedlings were used as donor sources for hypocotyls, cotyledon leaves, true leaves, and shoot tip explants. These explants were cultured on different combinations of cytokinins (TDZ, BAP, Ad) and auxins (IAA, NAA, 2, 4-D) then implanted in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. 4 weeks after culturing, a significant difference was found among the explants in response to plant hormones. The maximum percentage of callus induction (100%) was using the combinations of 1 BAP + 1 2, 4-D, 1 BAP + 1 NAA, and 1 BAP + 2 2,4-D mg. l-1. In addition, explants responses varied and the hypocotyls showed a superior result (85.71 %) as compared to other explants. For callus fresh weight, the combination of 0.22 TDZ + 79.9 Ad mg. l-1    had a significant effect, causing the highest fresh weight (0.2745g), while control treatment gave the lowest mean of 0.0066 g. Data showed that cotyledon explants were significantly superior in giving highest callus fresh weight with the mean of 0.1723 g. On the other hand, hypocotyl explants gave the lowest mean, reaching 0.1542 g.

scholarly journals 81 EFFECT OF SUCROSE CONCENTRATION IN WARMING MEDIUM ON THE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF VITRIFIED BOVINE OOCYTES

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
W.C. Chang ◽  
J. Xu ◽  
S. Jiang ◽  
X.C. Tian ◽  
X. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Oocyte ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Humidified Air ◽  
Bovine Oocytes ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
One Way Anova

The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of the sucrose concentration (0 to 0.33 M) in the dilution medium on the viability, fertilizability, and development of vitrified bovine oocytes. Bovine oocyte-cumulus complexes were collected from slaughterhouse ovaries and in vitro-matured as reported previously. After 24-h maturation in TCM199-based medium under 5% CO2 humidified air at 39°C, these were exposed to hyaluronidase and carefully pipetted to remove all except the 3–5 innermost layers of cumulus. Oocytes were put into the pre-equilibration medium for 3 min and then into vitrification solution containing HEPES-buffered TCM199 supplemented with 20% FBS, ethylene glycol, and dimethylsulphoxide for 25–30 s; they were then vitrified by modified solid surface vitrification (Dinnyes et al. 2000 Biol. Reprod. 63, 513–518).The oocytes were warmed at 39°C by placing them in holding medium with 0, 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, or 0.33 M sucrose. Non-vitrified oocytes were used as controls. Oocytes were inseminated 30 min after warming, and the presumptive zygotes were cultured in CR1-aa medium supplemented with 6 mg/mL BSA at 39°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2, 5% O2, and 90% N2 for eight days. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. As shown in Table 1, there was no significant difference in survival rate (P > 0.05) of the vitrified oocytes that were placed in dilution solution containing 0.17, 0.25, or 0.33 M sucrose and the non-treated controls. On Day 2 (fertilized on Day 0), cleavage to the 8-cell stage was similar for the 0.17, 0.25, and 0.33 M dilution groups, but the rates for all three were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than for the control group. The blastocyst rate on Day 8 was significantly higher for the 0.25 M group than for any other experimental group but still significantly lower than for the control. In conclusion, this study suggests that with this vitrification/warming procedure the optimum concentration of sucrose in the dilution solution is 0.25 M. Table 1. Oocyte survival after vitrification/warming and subsequent embryo development The authors would like to thank Ms Colleen Shaffer for the preparation of bovine oocytes.

scholarly journals Total phenol content of different varieties of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) growing in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-177
Author(s):  
Nazma Shaheen ◽  
Ali Abbas Mohammad Kurshed ◽  
Kazi Muhammad Rezaul Karim ◽  
Md Mohiduzzaman ◽  
Cadi Parvin Banu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

The total phenol content (TPC) of different varieties of Solanum melongena L. varied from 3.16 ± 0.04 - 7.86 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g of fresh weight (FW). It also revealed that all varieties of Solanum tuberosum L. with peel contained higher TPC than without peel. Comparison between mean TPC of different varieties Solanum tuberosum L. with and without peel on FW basis by independent sample the t-test showed a significant difference (p = 0.003) in TPC. Findings of present study indicate that BARI Begun-8, high yielding varieties of Solanum melongena and Solanum tuberosum with peel are good sources of polyphenols and therefore may contribute as a source of dietary antioxidant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i1.15909 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(1): 175-177, 2013 (June)

scholarly journals Heated egg white has no effect, but lactic fermented and unheated egg white reduces abdominal fat in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Matsuoka ◽  
Yayoi Takahashi ◽  
Ayano Muto ◽  
Mamoru Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Egg White Proteins ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Micellar Solubility ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Group Trial

Abstract Background We previously reported the abdominal fat-reducing effect of unheated egg white proteins (EWP); however, unheated egg white is actually rarely consumed. We thus investigated the effect of heated egg white on abdominal fat in rats. Methods Male SD rats were divided into two groups that were allowed to consume different dietary preparations containing casein or heated egg white for 4 weeks (Trial 1). We studied whether a heated form and a lactic fermented form of egg white (FLE) are as effective as unheated egg white for reducing abdominal fat. For this, we divided male SD rats into four groups that were allowed to consume different dietary preparations containing casein, unheated egg white, heated egg white, or lactic fermented egg white for 4 weeks (Trial 2). Results Animals in the heated egg white group showed no significant difference in abdominal fat weight compared with those in the casein group (Trial 1). Animals in the unheated egg white group and the FLE group had significantly lower levels of abdominal fat weight than those in the casein group (Trial 2). Ovalbumin in heated egg white was degraded by pepsin, whereas ovalbumin in unheated egg white and lactic acid fermented egg white was not degraded appreciably by pepsin. It was reported that EWP inhibit triglyceride absorption in rat. In the present study, EWP pepsin hydrolysate inhibited the micellar solubility of fatty acids in vitro. In particular, ovalbumin inhibited the micellar solubility of fatty acids. Conclusions These results indicate that lactic fermented egg white reduces visceral fat in rats and suggest that different levels of susceptibility of ovalbumin to pepsin digestion underlie the varying effectiveness among the egg white preparations.

scholarly journals In Vitro Multiplication of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Cristal under Different MS Salt and Sucrose Concentrations

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 471E-471
Author(s):  
Gerson R. de L. Fortes ◽  
Luciana B. Andrade ◽  
Marisa de F. Oliveira ◽  
Nilvane T.G. Müller ◽  
Janine T. C. Faria
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Full Strength ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
The Media

The potato cultivar Cristal has recently been released by the CPACT/EMBRAPA Breeding Program. Such cultivar was selected for having high dry matter and low sugar content, which makes it desirable for the chip industry. However, this is a recalcitrant cultivar as far as in vitro multiplication is concerned. The aim of this work was to improve the rate of multiplication for this cultivar when it was submitted to different MS salt and sucrose concentrations in the culture media. Two-bud microcuttings were inoculated in test tubes (20 × 150) mm with 10 ml MS media at 3/4-, 1/2-, and full-strength and MS vitamins added to: myo-inositol (100 mg·L–1), agar (7.0 g·L–1) and sucrose as follows: 10, 20 and 30 g·L-1. Each treatment was repeated eight times and each replicate had eight explants. After inoculation the whole material was kept in a growth room at 25 ± 2°C, 16-hr photoperiod and 2000 lux. The evaluation was done 35 days later. It was found and increase in the number of buds as the sucrose concentration in the media decreased. As far as MS salts are concerned no difference in bud number was observed. The rate of multiplication was slightly higher for MS media at full strength and sucrose at low concentration (10 g·L–1). This treatment could be recommended for this cultivar.

scholarly journals Effect of sucrose and mannitol on Ajmalicine production from leaves induced callus of Catharanthus roseus L. G. Don in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Emad H. Jassim ◽  
Sami K. M. Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment on the effect of sucrose and mannitol on leave induced callus of Catharanthus roseus was conducted from February 2011 to May 2012. Callus induction was achieved by culturing leaves of the plant on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg /L 2,4-D and 1mg / L Kin, The best medium to maintain callus was on MS medium modified with 0.5 mg /L 2,4-D and 1.5 mg / L Kin. when different levels were added to MS medium for each Mannitol 0, 6000 ,8000 ,10000 mg /L and Sucrose 40, 60 ,80, 100 g /L in split experimental and control treatment was MS medium supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose. The results showed that medium supplemented with 100 gL of sucrose gave the highest quantity of Ajmalicine 32.27 µg/100 mg fresh weight of callus,as well as medium supplemented with 8000 mgL of Mannitol gave the highest value of Ajmalicine 120.19 µg/100 mg fresh weight of callus. The concentrations of Ajmalicine, derived from the leaves of the plants grown in pot, were lowest than the concentrations produced by the callus grown in vitro it was 0.047 µg/100 fresh weight of the leaves.

scholarly journals Drought adaptive prediction in potato (Solanum tuberosum) using in vitro and in vivo approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
JANE KATHRYNE JOLANDA LAISINA ◽  
AWANG MAHARIJAYA ◽  
SOBIR SOBIR ◽  
AGUS PURWITO
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Adaptive Prediction ◽  
Tuber Fresh Weight

Abstract. Laisina JKJ, Maharijaya A, Sobir, Purwito A. 2021. Drought adaptive prediction in potato (Solanum tuberosum) using in vitro and in vivo approaches. Biodiversitas 22: 537-545. Prediction of drought adaptive potatoes requires selection indicators. This study aimed to determine in vitro selection indicators for obtaining drought adaptive potato genotypes in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro study was performed using single-node explants from seven genotypes cultured for six weeks on MS medium added with 0.2 M sorbitol to achieve the research aims. The cultures were partially observed and followed by watering the in vitro tubing medium. For the in vivo study, drought stress was applied for 21 days when the plants reached 25 days after planting (DAP) and for 14 days when the plants reached 50 DAP, then plants were irrigated again until harvesting. The results showed that plant height and root length can be used as selection indicators because they had a relative decrease below 50%, a close relationship and had the same variance with the in vitro number of tubers, in vitro tuber fresh weight and in vivo tuber fresh weight in drought stress at 25 DAP. These characters were determinant characters for the clustering pattern in the heat map cluster analysis. Based on these characters, SSI analysis was also performed and it was found that the PKHT4 was more adaptive than the PKHT6 in vitro, but the two genotypes were classified in the medium adaptive in vivo. In conclusion, plant height and root length were determined as the in vitro selection indicators in predicting drought adaptive genotypes in vivo at the plant age of 25 DAP.

scholarly journals Efecto del ácido bórico y la luz en el número y biomasa de microtubérculos de papa cv. “Floresta”

Uniciencia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
José Antonio García-García ◽  
José Bernal Azofeifa-Bolaños
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Specific Culture

In order to understand the performance of Solanum tuberosum L. “Floresta” in producing microtubers, the effect of four concentrations of boric acid (6.2 mg l-1, 7.75 mg l-1, 9.3 mg l-1, and 10.85 mg l-1) under two conditions—1) 8 hour dark and 2) 16 hour light photoperiod and 8 hour dark—was evaluated under in vitro culture conditions. Full-strength Murashige and Skoog medium was used as a control. The data analysis for the number and biomass of microtubers were significant for the condition (p ≤ 0.05). Concerning the concentration of boric acid and the interaction between factors, a significant difference was obtained for biomass (p ≤ 0.05). In dark conditions, a greater number of microtubers was obtained, although the biomass was lower compared to the light conditions where the biomass was higher, and the number of microtubers was lower. A concentration of 9.3 mg l-1 of boric acid in both types of conditions was the best treatment to produce a greater number and more biomass of microtubers. The differences identified in this work with regards to the number and biomass of microtubers were probably the combined result of genotype and specific culture conditions. Even considering this, the use of lighting conditions is proposed to induce larger and greener microtubers.

In vitro susceptibility of isolates ofSporothrix schenckiito amphotericin B, itraconazole, and terbinafine: comparison of yeast and mycelial forms

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 843-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiane Meire Kohler ◽  
Betânia Maria Soares ◽  
Daniel de Assis Santos ◽  
Maria Elisabete Da Silva Barros ◽  
Júnia Soares Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Mycelial Form ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Levels

Forty-three clinical isolates of Sporothrix schenckii derived from humans and animals were evaluated in vitro for their susceptibility to amphotericin B, itraconazole, and terbinafine. MICs were determined by the method of micro dilution in liquid media, using protocols M27-A2 for the yeast form and M38-A for the mycelial form, both standardized by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. In general, higher MICs were found for the mycelial form (intervals of up to two dilutions). In the case of amphotericin B, a significant difference in activity was observed, with higher values (p < 0.05) found for the mycelial form. MICs for itraconazole and terbinafine were similar for both yeast and mycelial forms but slightly higher for mycelia. Although data presented here indicate different levels of susceptibility when both growth forms were compared, indicating an intrinsic difference between them, it is still difficult to draw a consensus as to which form correlates better with clinical findings. More studies are necessary to determine the criteria for in vitro tests that will lead to efficient therapeutic choices.Key words: Sporothrix schenckii, susceptibility testing, antifungal drug.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sorbitol and Conservation Period on The in Vitro Evolution of Solanum Tuberosum L. Plantlets

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Iustina Brînduşa Ciobanu ◽  
Dana Constantinovici
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Impact Energies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Abstract Mechanical damage of seeds due to harvest, handling and other process is an important factor that affects the quality and quantity of seeds. Seed damage result in lower grain value, storability problem, and reduced seed germination and seedling vigor and subsequent yield of crops. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of moisture content and impact energy on the breakage susceptibility of wheat and triticale seeds. The experiments were conducted at five moisture contents of 7.5, 12, 17, 22 and 27% w.b. and at the impact energies of 0.05 and 0.1 J. The percentage of breakage of both wheat and triticale seeds increased as impact energy increased. The analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between breakage susceptibility of wheat and triticale seeds at the 1% probability level. Triticale seeds had more breakage than wheat seeds. For both wheat and triticale seeds as the moisture content of the seeds increased, the amount of the percentage breakage of seeds decreased as a polynomial. The average values of percentage breakage of wheat seeds decreased from 43.81 to 19.88% as the moisture content increased from 7.5 to 27%. Over this same moisture content range the percentage breakage of triticale seeds varied from 81.34 to 37.77%. Below the moisture contents of 17% for the wheat and 22% for the triticale the percentage breakage of seeds increased dramatically.

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