Evaluation of Azadirachtin on Arthrospira plantensis Gomont growth parameters and antioxidant enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Hatice Tunca ◽  
Ali Doğru ◽  
Feray Köçkar ◽  
Burçin Önem ◽  
Tuğba Ongun Sevindik
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Pesticide Pollution ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Mda Content

Azadirachtin (Aza) used as insecticide due to inhibiting growth of insects and preventing them from feeding on plants. To understand the effects of contamination of this insecticide on phototrophs, and to determine the responses of these organisms against these insecticides are extremely important in understanding how the ecosystem is affected. In this study, chlorophyll-a amount, OD 560 and antioxidant parameters (total SOD, APX, GR, Proline, MDA and H2O2) were determined in order to understand the effect of Aza on Arthrospira platensis Gomont. Aza was applied between 0–20 μg mL−1 concentrations for 7 days in the study. Enzyme analysis was conducted at the end of the 7th day. There was a statistically significant decrease in the absorbance of OD560 and the chlorophyll-a content in A. platensis cultures exposed to the Aza (0–20 μg mL−1) during 7 days due to the increase in pesticide levels. SOD activity decreased at 8, 16 and 20 μg mL−1 concentrations; GR enzyme activity showed a significant decrease compared to the control at a concentration of 20 μg mL−1. APX activity did not change significantly compared to control. The MDA content increased significantly at 16 and 20 μg mL−1 concentrations. The H2O2 content significantly increased at 12, 16 and 20 μg mL−1 concentrations (p < 0.05) while the free proline content decreased at 4 μg mL−1 concentration (p < 0.05). As a result, regarding the Aza concentrations used in this study may be a step to prevent pesticide pollution in the environment.

Seed Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Amaranthus mangostanus L. under Drought Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1071-1074
Author(s):  
Yong Dong Sun ◽  
Xiao Hua Du ◽  
Wen Jie Zhang ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Ran Li
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Effects of drought stress on the seed germination and physiological characteristics of amaranth were investigated. The results were as follows: the germination rate and germination potential of amaranth decreased with the increasing of PEG-6000 concentrations. Meanwhile, the root length, shoot length and peroxidase (POD) activity were significantly increased at lower PEG-6000 concentrations, but then decreased with the increasing of PEG-6000. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, proline content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were all significantly increased under drought stress, and reached the top at 20% PEG-6000. These findings indicated that amaranth tolerates drought stress through increasing the activities of SOD and POD and accumulating proline content.

The effects of Bentagran on the development and antioxidant parameters of Arthrospira platensis Gomont and Chlorella vulgaris Beyerinck (Beijerinck)

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Şükrüye ER ◽  
Hatice Tunca ◽  
Ali Doğru ◽  
Tuğba Ongun Sevindik
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Oxidative Effects

The aim of the study is to determine the effects of Bentagran on growth and oxidative effects to Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis and to evaluate the herbicide toxicity on primary producers of aquatic ecosystems. The decrease in both biomass accumulation and chlorophyll-a content in a dose-dependent manner were observed in both organisms exposed to different Bentagran concentrations (for C. vulgaris 60–960 µg mL−1; for A. platensis 100–800 µg mL−1) during 7 days. SOD activity increases significantly in Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis at concentrations of 480 and 200 ug mL−1, respectively. Although there was no significant change in APX (ascorbate peroxidase) activity in C. vulgaris, the APX activity decreased at 400 and 600 µg mL−1 concentrations in A. platensis. While the GR (glutathione reductase) activity increased at 960 µg mL−1 concentration in C. vulgaris, it also showed increases at 100, 200 and 400 μg mL−1 concentrations, but it decreased at 600 µg mL−1 concentration in A. platensis. MDA (malondialdehyde) and proline amounts decreased only at the concentration of 960 µg mL−1, while H2O2 didn't change compared to control. Total MDA, H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) and proline amounts did not show significant change compared to control. It is found that the effects of Bentagran on growth and antioxidant parameters are diverse at different concentrations and species, and this can be attributed to the different reactive oxygen species (ROS) production ability in these species.

Determination of changes in Arthrospira platensis antioxidant activity and growth parameters due to oxidative stress arising from Lambda cyhalothrin

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Hatice Tunca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Pesticide Pollution ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Toxic stress caused by pesticides changes the function and structure of the aquatic ecosystem via impressing to species composition. Therefore it is necessary to determine the reaction of cyanobacteria to pesticides for comprehend the effects of these substances on the aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to determine the toxicity and oxidative stress that Lambda cyhalothrin may cause in cyanobacteria, one of the primary producers in lake ecosystems. For these reasons, the changes in chlorophyll-a content, OD560 absorbance, the antioxidant enzyme acitvities such as superoxidedismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reducatse (GR) were assessed to carry out the effect of Lambda cyhalothrin concentrations (between 6.25 and 100 μg ml−1) on Arthrospira platensis. EC50 value is calculated as 11.94 μg m l−1 Lambda cyhalothrin concentrations. SOD and APX activities was statistically different from the control at 100 μg m l−1 Lambda cyhalothrin application compared to control in A. platensis-M2 cells. On the other hand, GR activity did not effect significantly. According to our results, we may conclude that Lambda cyhalothrin concentrations used in this study inhibited the growth of A. platensis cells in a time and dose-dependent manner, as indicated by lowered chlorophyll-a content and OD560 values and Lambda cyhalothrin caused oxidative stress in A. platensis cells. As a result, the restriction of Lambda cyhalothrin using at the certain concentrations may be a step to prevent pesticide pollution in the environment.

scholarly journals Savrun Ispanak (Spinacia oleracea L.) Çeşidinin Bazı Abiyotik Stres Faktörlerine Tepkisi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Nezahat Turfan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea ◽  
Mda Content

In this study were investigated that resistance to salinity, heavy metals, drought and calcerous stress in Savrun (Spinacea oleracea L.) spinach. For this aim, 5-6 leafed seedlings were exposed to NaCl (75, 150 and 225 mM); heavy metals (Fe, Ni and Zn 0.2 mg/L), drought (50%) and 0.2% CaCO3 applications for four weeks half-weekly which plants grown under controlled conditions. Depends on result chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total cclorophyll, carotenoids, β-caroten and lycopen increased in drought and CaCO3 treatments. Total soluble protein and GuPX activity were found higher in all stress treatments, proline content increased in NiCl2, 75 ve 150 mM NaCl treatments. While APX activity was higher in 75 mM NaCl and ZnCl2; CAT was higher in 150 mM NaCl and others stres treatments except drought. SOD activity were noted higher in drought, CaCO3 and 225 mM NaCl stresses groups. MDA content was lower in all treatments except FeCl3 and, H2O2 were lower in 225 mM NaCl and drought while it was higher in others. As a result, it was found that tolerance of Savrun spinach is higher to CaCO3 and drought but sensitivity of it is higher to 225 mM NaCl, ZnCl2 and FeCl3. Also it was determined that Savrun genotype is moderate tolerance to NiCl2 and 75 Mm NaCl. However parameters of tolerance to stress that treated on spinach seedling showed variability in Savrun spinach.

scholarly journals Effect of CO2 exposure on the antioxidant enzymes activity and gill histology of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 303-319
Author(s):  
Anto Thomas ◽  
◽  
Shanmugam Achiraman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Fresh Water Fish ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Gpx Activity

Increase in carbon dioxide level is considered as a threat to all living organisms and in particular aquatic organisms are vulnerable. Although a number of studies were carried out to predict the effect of increased CO2 with marine organisms, fresh water fish were the least concerned ones. Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the effect of antioxidant enzymes in zebrafish exposed to acute concentration of CO2 (based on prediction for 2300). Three ranges of pH were selected below the range where no fatality was observed, 6.0 – 6.5, 5.5 – 6.0 and 5.0 – 5.5. Antioxidant enzyme analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LP), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was performed for the tissues, liver, gills and muscles. Although a significant decrease in SOD activity was observed in all three tissues, only a slight variation in CAT activity was found in all the tissues. MDA content which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation showed an increasing pattern in all the tissues. A slight increase in GR activity was found in all the tissues; however, a significant decrease in GPx activity was noted. Further, the histology of gills exposed to CO2 showed marked damage and injury including lamellar fusion and necrosis. Our study concludes that exposure to CO2 has led to oxidative stress which has resulted in cellular injury and damage

Responses of physiochemical attributes of kinnow budded on Jatti Khatti to triazole treatment under salinity

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-447
Author(s):  
V. Kakade ◽  
A. Dubey ◽  
O. Awasthi ◽  
A. Dahuja
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Citrus Jambhiri ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Striking Effect

The response given by the photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activity and nutrient accumulation of kinnow (Citrus nobilis × C. deliciosa) budded on Citrus jambhiri Lush rootstocks (var. Jatti Khatti) to triazole compounds was studied under NaCl stress. Eighteen-month-old budded kinnow plants were irrigated with 0 or 50 mM NaCl with or without triazole compounds. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) at 100 mg 1−1 and triazole (TRZ), triadimefon (TDM) and hexaconazole (HEX) at 20 mg l−1 were applied by drenching the soil one week prior to NaCl application. PBZ, TRZ and TDM were equally effective in preventing chlorophyll degradation under NaCl stress. The improvement in catalase (CAT) activity was greater in TRZ- and TDM-treated plants under stress, while for superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, TRZ, PBZ and TDM were found to be equally effective. The peroxidase (POX) activity increased more in TDM-treated plants. The application of TDM and HEX had a more pronounced effect on the upregulation of proline content under stress. Furthermore, triazole compounds increased the accumulation of K+ and Ca2+ ions and inhibited that of Na+ and Cl−, resulting in an improvement in the K+/Na+ and K+/Cl− ratios. For PBZ-treated plants, the K+/Na+ and K+/Cl− ratios in leaf tissues increased 2.4- and 2.1-fold compared to plants treated with NaCl alone, while HEX had a more striking effect on Ca2+ upregulation and significantly (1.5-fold) increased leaf Ca2+ under stress.

Study of Uranium Accumulation Mechanism and Physiological Responses of Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Shi You Li ◽  
Qing Peng Wei ◽  
Shui Bo Xie ◽  
Ying Jiu Liu ◽  
Zheng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Concentration Effects ◽  
Hydroponic Experiment ◽  
Accumulation Mechanism ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Uranium Accumulation ◽  
Accumulation Ability

A hoagland solution hydroponic experiment was carried out to study the short-duration (8 d) accumulation ability of uranium byEichhornia crassipesandPistia stratiotesunder different uranium concentration. Effects on antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and free proline content ofE.crassipesandP.stratiotesunder uranium stress were discussed. The results show the activity of antioxidant enzymes is increased under 0.1~1 mg·L-1uranium stress, MDA content is at lower level indicated that antioxidant enzymes play an important role in alleviating lipid peroxidation induced by uranium stress. Under 5mg·L-1uranium stress, the antioxidant enzymes activity ofE.crassipesis at higher level and MDA content is lower,nevertheless, theP.stratiotesis just the opposite, indicating thatE.crassipestolerated higher concentrations thanP.stratiotes. The activity of antioxidant enzymes is inhibited under higher concentration (20 mg·L-1and 50 mg·L-1) uranium stress. As an important osmoregulation material, free proline content of both plants is more than the contrast.

Changes in antioxidant systems in sunflower partial resistant and susceptible lines as affected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robab Davar ◽  
Reza Darvishzadeh ◽  
Ahmad Majd
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Resistant Line ◽  
Necrotrophic Pathogen ◽  
Host Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Mda Content

AbstractSunflower, Helianthus annuus L., is a major oil-seed crop widely cultivated throughout the globe. White mold, caused by necrotrophic pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is a common and widespread disease of sunflower. Changes in various physiological activities such as production of malondialdehyde (MDA) as the main end product of lipid peroxidation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities and proline content, were investigated in leaves and stems of sunflower lines either resistant or susceptible to S. sclerotiorum. The results showed accumulation of high amount of free proline in the leaves of the resistant line. S. sclerotiorum invasion resulted in increase in the MDA content in both lines compared to the controls. Superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase activities significantly increased in the stem and leaves of inoculated lines. In the resistant line, Sclerotinia infection significantly induced catalase (CAT) activity both in the stem and leaves of contaminated plants. The activity of CAT was significantly decreased in susceptible line. Based on our results the activity of antioxidant enzymes was much pronounced in sunflower resistant line than in susceptible one. Studied lines showed distinctive activity considering different biochemical parameters, which may point to further directions in exploring host-pathogen interaction and lead to selection and production of new lines to achieve an improvement of plant adaptation to pathogen.

scholarly journals Growth and Physiology of Two Psammophytes to Precipitation Manipulation in Horqin Sandy Land, Eastern China

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Juanli Chen ◽  
Xueyong Zhao ◽  
Xinping Liu ◽  
Yaqiu Zhang ◽  
Yayong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Community Succession ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Precipitation Reduction

The availability of water is the critical factor driving plant growth, physiological responses, population and community succession in arid and semiarid regions, thus a precipitation addition-reduction platform with five experimental treatments, was established to explore the growth and physiology of two psammophytes (also known as psammophiles) to precipitation manipulation in Horqin Sandy Land. Changes in coverage and density were measured, and antioxidant enzymes and osmoregulatory substances in both of the studied species were determined. Investigation results showed that the average vegetation coverage increased with an increasing precipitation, and reached a maximum in July. Under the −60% precipitation treatment, Tribulus terrestris accounted for a large proportion of the area, but Bassia dasyphylla was the dominant species in the +60% treatment. T. terrestris was found to have higher a drought stress resistance than B. dasyphylla. From days 4 to 7 after rainfall, B. dasyphylla under precipitation reduction showed obvious water stress. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content of B. dasyphylla was higher than that of T. terrestris, but that of B. dasyphylla had the lower relative water content (RWC). The MDA content in the precipitation reduction treatments of the two studied species was higher than that in the precipitation addition treatments from days 4 to 10. Peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the soluble proteins and free proline content of T. terrestris were higher than those of B. dasyphylla. The free proline content of T. terrestris and B. dasyphylla increased with increasing drought stress. Our data illustrated that T. terrestris had a higher drought stress resistance than B. dasyphylla, which was correlated with the augmentation of some antioxidant enzymes and osmoregulatory substance. The adaptive mechanism provides solid physiological support for an understanding of psammophyte adaptation to drought stress, and of community succession or species manipulation for desertified land restoration.

scholarly journals Responses of physiological activities and lateral root anatomical structure of Cercis glabra to waterlogging stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1573-1584
Author(s):  
Jie LUO ◽  
Long-Yi YUAN
Keyword(s):  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
Casparian Strip ◽  
Mda Content

Cercis glabra is a colour-leaf tree with excellent ornamental value, whereas its physiological and morphological responses to waterlogging stress are still unclear. A potted study was conducted to determine the effects of waterlogging stress on antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT)), lipid peroxidation (in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) content), relative electric conductivity, and osmotic substance (free proline) of leaves and aerenchyma, lignification, suberization and Casparian strip of lateral roots of C. glabra. The result showed that the SOD, POD, and CAT activity and free proline content of C. glabra were significantly increased by the different degrees of waterlogging stress compared with the non-waterlogged treatment at 8 and 12 days, and the MDA content and relative electric conductivity of C. glabra leaves were significantly increased under the different degrees of waterlogging stress compared to the non-waterlogged treatment at 16 days, and the degrees of change increased among treatments was ranked as total waterlogged > semi-waterlogged > shallow waterlogged. The lateral roots of C. glabra not only formed developed aerenchyma in the cortex but also formed suberization and Casparian strip in the endodermis under semi-waterlogged treatment at 16 days. These results implied that C. glabra had a certain tolerance to waterlogging stress, which was associated with the increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substance content, and with the formation of aerenchyma, suberization and Casparian strip in the lateral root to adapt to the waterlogged environment.

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